公开(公告)号：US20060269131A1

公开(公告)日：2006-11-30

申请号：US11139541

申请日：2005-05-31

申请人： David Metcalfe ,  Jeng-Nan Shiau

发明人： David Metcalfe ,  Jeng-Nan Shiau

IPC分类号： G06K9/34 ,  G06K9/38

CPC分类号： G06K9/38 ,  G06K2209/01

摘要： Methods and apparatus for segmenting image data into windows and rendering a best-estimate outline delineating document windows may include adjusting a background white threshold differently than adjusting a white threshold normally used to classify pixels as white for video processing purposes. Such an independently arrived at threshold may be more suitable for the different task of differentiating between document background and document content.

摘要翻译： 将图像数据分割成窗口并渲染描绘文档窗口的最佳估计轮廓的方法和装置可以包括调整背景白色阈值，而不是调整通常用于将像素分类为白色的白色阈值用于视频处理目的。 这样独立地达到阈值可能更适合区分文档背景和文档内容的不同任务。

公开(公告)号：US20050265625A1

公开(公告)日：2005-12-01

申请号：US10709832

申请日：2004-06-01

申请人： Xing LI ,  Stuart SCHWEID ,  Jeng-nan SHIAU

发明人： Xing LI ,  Stuart SCHWEID ,  Jeng-nan SHIAU

IPC分类号： G06K1/00 ,  G06K9/00 ,  G06K9/40 ,  H04N1/40 ,  H04N1/407

CPC分类号： H04N1/40062 ,  H04N1/4072

摘要： A method for dynamic range adjustment of image data of a captured image by determining a white point of an image. The method also involves determining a black point of the image, classifying pixels of the image, and determining an offset value for a pixel of the image based on the determined black point of the image and the determined classification of the pixel. Dynamic range adjustment of the image data is performed using the determined offset value for the pixels of the image and the determined white point of the image.

摘要翻译： 通过确定图像的白点来对拍摄图像的图像数据进行动态范围调整的方法。 该方法还包括确定图像的黑点，对图像的像素进行分类，以及基于确定的图像的黑点和所确定的像素的分类来确定图像的像素的偏移值。 使用确定的图像的像素的偏移值和确定的图像的白点来执行图像数据的动态范围调整。

公开(公告)号：US06947597B2

公开(公告)日：2005-09-20

申请号：US09965880

申请日：2001-09-28

申请人： Ying-wei Lin ,  Stuart A. Schweid ,  Jeng-nan Shiau ,  Raja Bala ,  Zhigang Fan

发明人： Ying-wei Lin ,  Stuart A. Schweid ,  Jeng-nan Shiau ,  Raja Bala ,  Zhigang Fan

IPC分类号： G06K9/20 ,  G06T5/00 ,  H04N1/40 ,  G06K9/62

CPC分类号： H04N1/40062 ,  G06K9/00456

摘要： A method and system for image processing, in conjunction with classification of images between natural pictures and synthetic graphics, using SGLD texture (e.g., variance, bias, skewness, and fitness), color discreteness (e.g., R_L, R_U, and R_V normalized histograms), or edge features (e.g., pixels per detected edge, horizontal edges, and vertical edges) is provided. In another embodiment, a picture/graphics classifier using combinations of SGLD texture, color discreteness, and edge features is provided. In still another embodiment, a “soft” image classifier using combinations of two (2) or more SGLD texture, color discreteness, and edge features is provided. The “soft” classifier uses image features to classify areas of an input image in picture, graphics, or fuzzy classes.

摘要翻译： 一种用于图像处理的方法和系统，结合使用SGLD纹理（例如，方差，偏差，偏度和适应度）的自然图像和合成图像之间的图像分类，颜色离散性（例如，R_L，R_U和R_V归一化直方图 ）或边缘特征（例如，每个检测到的边缘的像素，水平边缘和垂直边缘）。 在另一个实施例中，提供了使用SGLD纹理，颜色离散性和边缘特征的组合的图片/图形分类器。 在另一个实施例中，提供了使用两（2）或更多SGLD纹理，颜色离散性和边缘特征的组合的“软”图像分类器。 “软”分类器使用图像特征来对图像，图形或模糊类中的输入图像的区域进行分类。

公开(公告)号：US06549658B1

公开(公告)日：2003-04-15

申请号：US09010371

申请日：1998-01-21

申请人： Stuart A. Schweid ,  Jeng-Nan Shiau

发明人： Stuart A. Schweid ,  Jeng-Nan Shiau

IPC分类号： G06K934

CPC分类号： H04N1/40062 ,  G06K9/00456

摘要： A system and method classify a pixel of image data as one of a plurality of image types. A first image characteristic value for the pixel, a second image characteristic value for the pixel, a third image characteristic value for the pixel, and a fourth image characteristic for the pixel is determined. Some of these determinations may be resolution dependent. The values from these determination are utilized in assigning an image type classification to the pixel. Moreover, if at least one of the image characteristic values is greater than a predetermined threshold value the pixel is classified as a halftone peak value. The system includes a plurality of microclassifiers for determining a distinct image characteristic value of the pixel; a plurality of macroreduction circuits connected to the plurality of microclassifiers for performing further higher level operations upon the distinct image characteristic values of the pixel to produce reduced values; and a classification circuit to classify the pixel as an image type based on the reduced values from the macroreduction circuits. The system also includes a circuit to detect flat peaks without detecting multiple peaks and a rectangular blur filtering system.

摘要翻译： 系统和方法将图像数据的像素分类为多个图像类型之一。 确定像素的第一图像特征值，像素的第二图像特征值，像素的第三图像特征值和用于像素的第四图像特性。 这些确定中的一些可能取决于分辨率。 来自这些确定的值被用于为像素分配图像类型分类。 此外，如果图像特征值中的至少一个大于预定阈值，则将像素分类为半色调峰值。 该系统包括用于确定像素的不同图像特征值的多个微分类器; 连接到所述多个微分类器的多个宏观还原电路，用于根据所述像素的不同图像特征值进行更高级的操作以产生减小的值; 以及分类电路，用于基于来自大致减小电路的减小值将像素分类为图像类型。 该系统还包括用于检测平坦峰而不检测多个峰的电路和矩形模糊滤波系统。

公开(公告)号：US06427030B1

公开(公告)日：2002-07-30

申请号：US08285324

申请日：1994-08-03

申请人： Leon C. Williams ,  Jeng-Nan Shiau ,  David J. Metcalfe

发明人： Leon C. Williams ,  Jeng-Nan Shiau ,  David J. Metcalfe

IPC分类号： G06K946

CPC分类号： H04N1/4053

摘要： A method and system implements a dynamic error diffusion process. A grey level value representing a pixel is received. An image segmentation circuit determines an image characteristic of the pixel being processed. A threshold circuit thresholds the grey level value (pixel) and generates an error value as a result of the threshold process. A portion of the error value is diffused to adjacent pixels on a next scanline. The distribution of this error value is dynamic in that different sets of weighting coefficients are used based the image characteristic of the processed pixel. One set of coefficients are utilized in processing a pixel having a first image characteristic, and a second set of coefficients are utilized in processing a pixel having a second image characteristic.

摘要翻译： 一种方法和系统实现了动态误差扩散过程。 接收表示像素的灰度值。 图像分割电路确定正在处理的像素的图像特性。 阈值电路对灰度值（像素）进行阈值，并作为阈值处理的结果产生误差值。 错误值的一部分扩散到下一个扫描线上的相邻像素。 基于经处理的像素的图像特性，使用不同的加权系数集合，该误差值的分布是动态的。 一组系数用于处理具有第一图像特性的像素，并且第二组系数被用于处理具有第二图像特性的像素。

公开(公告)号：US06347153B1

公开(公告)日：2002-02-12

申请号：US09159534

申请日：1998-09-23

申请人： Roger L. Triplett ,  Raymond J. Clark ,  Jeng-Nan Shiau

发明人： Roger L. Triplett ,  Raymond J. Clark ,  Jeng-Nan Shiau

IPC分类号： G06K962

CPC分类号： H04N1/40062 ,  G06T7/44 ,  G06T2207/10008

摘要： A system and method classify a pixel of image data as one of a plurality of image types. A first image characteristic value for the pixel, a second image characteristic value for the pixel, a third image characteristic value for the pixel, and a fourth image characteristic for the pixel is determined. Some of these determinations may be resolution dependent. The values from these determination are utilized in assigning an image type classification to the pixel. An auto-segmentation circuit enables classifying a pixel as a continuous tone and detecting a gradient in the window of pixels of which the pixel is a member. A filter enhances the image data of the pixel tone when a gradient indicating that image data within the window of pixels is changing at a rate greater than a predetermined threshold is detected or lowpasses the image data of the pixel tone when a gradient indicating that image data within the window of pixels is changing at a rate less than a predetermined threshold is detected.

摘要翻译： 系统和方法将图像数据的像素分类为多个图像类型之一。 确定像素的第一图像特征值，像素的第二图像特征值，像素的第三图像特征值和用于像素的第四图像特性。 这些确定中的一些可能取决于分辨率。 来自这些确定的值被用于为像素分配图像类型分类。 自动分割电路可以将像素分类为连续色调，并且检测像素是其成员的像素的窗口中的梯度。 当指示像素窗口内的图像数据以大于预定阈值的速率变化的梯度被检测到时，滤波器增强像素色调的图像数据，或者当指示图像数据的梯度时，滤波器将低于像素色调的图像数据 在像素窗口内以小于预定阈值的速率进行检测。

公开(公告)号：US06181829B2

公开(公告)日：2001-01-30

申请号：US09010331

申请日：1998-01-21

申请人： Raymond J. Clark ,  Leon C. Williams ,  Stuart A. Schweid ,  Jeng-Nan Shiau

发明人： Raymond J. Clark ,  Leon C. Williams ,  Stuart A. Schweid ,  Jeng-Nan Shiau

IPC分类号： G06K940

CPC分类号： H04N1/40062

摘要： A system and method classify a pixel of image data as one of a plurality of image types. A first image characteristic value for the pixel, a second image characteristic value for the pixel ,a third image characteristic value for the pixel, and a fourth image characteristic for the pixel is determined. Some of these determinations may be resolution dependent. The values from these determination are utilized in assigning an image type classification to the pixel. Moreover, if at least one of the image characteristic values is greater than a predetermined threshold value the pixel is classified as a halftone peak value. The system includes a plurality of microclassifiers for determining a distinct image characteristic value of the pixel; a plurality of macroreduction circuits connected to the plurality of microclassifiers for performing further higher level operations upon the distinct image characteristic values of the pixel to produce reduced values; and a classification circuit to classify the pixel as an image type based on the reduced values from the macroreduction circuits. The system also includes a circuit to detect flat peaks without detecting multiple peaks and a rectangular blur filtering system.

摘要翻译： 系统和方法将图像数据的像素分类为多个图像类型之一。 确定像素的第一图像特征值，像素的第二图像特征值，像素的第三图像特征值和用于像素的第四图像特性。 这些确定中的一些可能取决于分辨率。 来自这些确定的值被用于为像素分配图像类型分类。 此外，如果图像特征值中的至少一个大于预定阈值，则将像素分类为半色调峰值。 该系统包括用于确定像素的不同图像特征值的多个微分类器; 连接到所述多个微分类器的多个宏观还原电路，用于根据所述像素的不同图像特征值进行更高级的操作以产生减小的值; 以及分类电路，用于基于来自大致减小电路的减小值将像素分类为图像类型。 该系统还包括用于检测平坦峰而不检测多个峰的电路和矩形模糊滤波系统。

公开(公告)号：US6137907A

公开(公告)日：2000-10-24

申请号：US159041

申请日：1998-09-23

申请人： Raymond J. Clark ,  Jeng-Nan Shiau

发明人： Raymond J. Clark ,  Jeng-Nan Shiau

IPC分类号： H04N1/40 ,  G06K9/34

CPC分类号： H04N1/40062

摘要： A method and apparatus to process an electronic image of a document that is previously divided into a plurality of classified tiled rectangular blocks. Each pixel within halftone blocks is analyzed to calculate a busyness measure value, preferably a sum of Laplacians although other range-type functions could be used. When the busyness value is less than a first predetermined threshold value, the video intensity level of the pixel is compared against a second predetermined threshold value and when greater than the second predetermined threshold value, the pixel is re-classified as being a Text document type to produce a crisp, clean background in the rendered image. When the video intensity level of the pixel is less than the second predetermined threshold value, the pixel is re-classified as being a Contone image type to minimize abrupt changes in pixel classification block boundaries, which would result in objectionable artifacts in the rendered image resulting from density or texture changes at the block boundaries. Selectively re-classifying individual pixels within blocks of tiled pixels that were previously classified as halftone pixels greatly reduces rectangular artifacts in the classification map. Such rectangular artifacts in the classification map are often translated by classification driven image processing into undesirable rectangular artifacts when the image is viewed or analyzed further. Certain classification transitions are thereby moved to coincide with contours and transitions in the image video, thereby hiding the classification transitions.

摘要翻译： 一种用于处理先前分成多个分类的平铺矩形块的文档的电子图像的方法和装置。 分析半色调块内的每个像素，以计算繁忙度测量值，最好是拉普拉斯算子的总和，尽管可以使用其他范围类型的函数。 当忙度值小于第一预定阈值时，将像素的视频强度水平与第二预定阈值进行比较，并且当大于第二预定阈值时，像素被重新分类为文本文档类型 在渲染的图像中产生清晰，干净的背景。 当像素的视频强度级别小于第二预定阈值时，将像素重新分类为Contone图像类型以最小化像素分类块边界中的突然变化，这将导致渲染图像中产生令人反感的伪影 从块边界的密度或纹理变化。 以前分类为半色调像素的平铺像素块内的各个像素的选择性重新分类大大减少了分类图中的矩形伪影。 当分析图中的这种矩形伪像通常被分类驱动的图像处理转换成不期望的矩形伪影，当图像被进一步观看或分析时。 因此，某些分类过渡被移动以与图像视频中的轮廓和转换一致，从而隐藏分类转换。

公开(公告)号：US5960109A

公开(公告)日：1999-09-28

申请号：US117591

申请日：1993-09-07

申请人： Jeng-Nan Shiau

发明人： Jeng-Nan Shiau

IPC分类号： G03G15/36 ,  G03G15/01 ,  G06T1/00 ,  H04N1/38 ,  H04N1/387 ,  H04N1/62 ,  G06K9/46

CPC分类号： G06K9/2072 ,  H04N1/38 ,  H04N1/62 ,  H04N1/626 ,  G06K2209/01

摘要： The present invention provides a marker detection and thinning process for a photocopier which is executed during a single scan of a document and does not require a prescan of the document. The system realtime analyzes pixel image data, which is stored in a memory during the scanning process, to detect a marker line of a predetermined color and to thin the marker line. This analysis begins with image data stored in the memory that corresponds to a first pixel. The first pixel is associated with the scanline being presently scanned. It is determined if the image data of the first pixel represents a color that is equivalent to the predetermined color. Marker data is then stored in a buffer at a location corresponding to the first pixel if it is determined that the image data of the first pixel represents a color that is equivalent to a predetermined marker color. The data, stored in the buffer at a second pixel location, is analyzed. The second pixel is associated with a scanline that is prior in time to the scanline of the first pixel. It is determined if the data at the second pixel location is marker data. Also, the data stored in pixel locations adjacent to the second pixel location is analyzed to determine if this data is marker data. The marker data at the second pixel location is eliminated if it is determined, upon examining data of pixel locations adjacent to the second pixel location, that the elimination of this marker data would maintain the connectivity of the marker line. However, the data at the second pixel location is maintained if it is determined that, upon examining the data of pixel locations adjacent to the second pixel location, the elimination of this marker data would cause disconnectivity of the marker line.

摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种用于复印机的标记检测和稀疏处理，其在文档的单次扫描期间执行并且不需要文档的预扫描。 系统实时分析在扫描过程中存储在存储器中的像素图像数据，以检测预定颜色的标记线并使标记线变薄。 该分析开始于存储在对应于第一像素的存储器中的图像数据。 第一像素与当前扫描的扫描线相关联。 确定第一像素的图像数据是否表示等于预定颜色的颜色。 如果确定第一像素的图像数据表示相当于预定标记颜色的颜色，则将标记数据存储在与第一像素对应的位置处的缓冲器中。 分析存储在第二像素位置的缓冲器中的数据。 第二像素与先前在第一像素的扫描线之间的扫描线相关联。 确定第二像素位置处的数据是否是标记数据。 此外，分析存储在与第二像素位置相邻的像素位置中的数据，以确定该数据是否是标记数据。 如果在检查与第二像素位置相邻的像素位置的数据时确定消除该标记数据将维持标记线的连接性，则在第二像素位置处的标记数据被消除。 然而，如果确定在检查与第二像素位置相邻的像素位置的数据时，消除该标记数据将导致标记线的断开连接，则维持第二像素位置处的数据。

公开(公告)号：US5787206A

公开(公告)日：1998-07-28

申请号：US655422

申请日：1996-05-30

申请人： Leon C. Williams ,  Jeng-Nan Shiau ,  David J. Metcalfe

发明人： Leon C. Williams ,  Jeng-Nan Shiau ,  David J. Metcalfe

IPC分类号： B41J2/52 ,  G06T5/00 ,  H04N1/405

CPC分类号： H04N1/4053

摘要： A printing system for rendering marks on a recording medium receives a multi-level grey scale pixel value representing a pixel having a first resolution. A screening circuit generates a screened multi-level grey scale pixel value equal to (G.sub.L -V.sub.i)+(S.sub.i -Th)*Dmp.sub.vi *Mod.sub.Eff wherein G.sub.L is the maximum grey level value of the pixel, V.sub.i is equal to the multi-level grey scale pixel value of the first resolution, S.sub.i is equal to a screen value corresponding to a position of the pixel, Th is the threshold value, Dmp.sub.vi is a video dependent dampening factor, and Mod.sub.Eff is a modulation multiplication factor. An interpolator converts the screened multi-level grey scale pixel value to a second resolution, the second resolution being higher than the first resolution, and a binarization circuit binarizes the converted multi-level grey scale pixel value so as to output a binary signal and an error value, the error value having a resolution equal to the first resolution. The error value is diffused to multi-level grey scale pixel values corresponding to pixels adjacent to the pixel having the first resolution, and the binary signal is converted into a mark on the recording medium.

摘要翻译： 用于在记录介质上渲染标记的打印系统接收表示具有第一分辨率的像素的多级灰度像素值。 筛选电路产生等于（GL-Vi）+（Si-Th）* Dmpvi * ModEff的屏蔽多级灰度像素值，其中GL是像素的最大灰度级值，Vi等于多级 第一分辨率的灰阶像素值，Si等于与像素的位置对应的屏幕值，Th是阈值，Dmpvi是视频相关的衰减因子，ModEff是调制倍增因子。 内插器将所筛选的多级灰阶像素值转换为第二分辨率，第二分辨率高于第一分辨率，二值化电路对转换后的多级灰阶像素值进行二值化处理，以输出二进制信号和 误差值，误差值具有等于第一分辨率的分辨率。 误差值扩散到与具有第一分辨率的像素相邻的像素对应的多级灰度像素值，并且二进制信号被转换成记录介质上的标记。