摘要:
There is provided an organic light-emitting apparatus in which the luminance can be improved, and, at the same time, the reflection of ambient light can be reduced by adding a prism member and a light-absorbing member to a spontaneous light-emitting device such as an organic light-emitting device, and which includes: a plurality of organic light-emitting devices each having a pair of electrodes and an organic compound layer formed between the pair of electrodes; a prism member disposed on a light extraction side of the organic light-emitting device, an interface on the light extraction side of the prism member being an interface with air; and a light-absorbing member formed between the plurality of organic light-emitting devices, around the prism member, and on a side portion of a protrusion of the prism member.
摘要:
An object of the present invention is to maintain sufficient light extraction from an organic light emitting device and reduce reflection of external light. There are arranged a polarizing member, a prism member, a phase member, and an organic light emitting element which has an organic light emitting layer arranged between a pair of electrodes, in mentioned order from the side of a light extraction surface. When the prism member includes two sheets, the vertex angle of the prism member sheet arranged on the side of the organic light emitting element is preferably a vertex or less of the prism member arranged on the side of the light extraction surface. Furthermore, the prism members are preferably arranged so that pitch directions thereof are orthogonal to each other.
摘要:
An organic EL light-emitting apparatus includes a base, an organic EL device, a prism member, a polarizing member, and a phase member. The prism member, the polarizing member, and the phase member are adjacent to a light extraction side of the organic EL device. The prism member includes a plurality of unit prisms each having a triangular-column shape. The unit prisms are arranged such that their longitudinal directions are parallel to one another. The polarizing member is disposed further from the base than the prism member. The prism member has an apex angle between 90° to 140°.
摘要:
A liquid crystal composition includes a liquid crystal containing at least one mesomorphic compound having a cholesteric phase (Ch phase)-free mesomorphic phase, and at least one compound (e) having a limit of solubility in the liquid crystal and being contained in the composition in a proportion ranging from 20% of the limit of solubility to below the limit of solubility. The liquid crystal composition may preferably include the liquid crystal containing at least one fluorine-containing mesomorphic compound (a) having a fluorocarbon terminal portion and a hydrocarbon terminal portion, and at least one achiral compound (b), a the compound (e), having a specific ring structure and a specific terminal alkyl group free from a perfluorocarbon atom. The compound having a Ch phase-free mesomorphic phase, preferably the compound (a), and the compound (e), preferably the compound (b) are effective in providing the liquid crystal composition with a layer structure of so-called bookshelf or a layer structure having a small inclination angle (closer to bookshelf structure). The liquid crystal composition is useful in improving response characteristics and display characteristics, particularly a contrast ratio, of a liquid crystal device using the liquid crystal composition.
摘要:
A liquid crystal device for gradational display, comprising: a pair of substrates each provided with an electrode, and a liquid crystal layer comprising a chiral smectic liquid crystal disposed between the substrates; the pair of substrates each having thereon alignment control layer provided with a uniaxial alignment axis, wherein aid liquid crystal layer comprises a striped region and a non-striped region where (1) the striped region and the non-striped region each assume a homogeneous alignment state, (2) the striped region extends in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the uniaxial alignment axis, and (3) each of liquid crystal molecules within the striped region and the non-striped region show bistability; and the liquid crystal molecules within the striped region have a threshold voltage, for switching between two stable states, different from that given by the liquid crystal molecules within the on-striped region. The above two regions (striped and non-striped region) having different threshold voltages each other are suitable as a display region for a liquid crystal device providing good gradation characteristic.
摘要:
A ferroelectric chiral smectic liquid crystal composition, comprising: at least one compound represented by the following formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 respectively denote a linear or branched alkyl group having 1-18 carbon atoms capable of having a substituent of C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkoxy group; X.sub.1 and X.sub.2 respectively denote a single bond, --O--, ##STR2## at least one compound represented by the following formula (II): ##STR3## wherein R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 respectively denote a linear or branched alkyl group having 1-18 carbon atoms capable of having a substituent; X.sub.3 and X.sub.4 respectively denote a single bond, --O--, ##STR4## Z.sub.1 denotes ##STR5## --CH.sub.2 O--, --OCH.sub.2 -- or a single bond; ##STR6## respectively denote ##STR7## denotes ##STR8## with proviso that at least one of ##STR9## and at least one compound represented by the following formula (III): ##STR10## wherein R.sub.5 denotes a linear or branched alkyl group having 1-18 carbon atoms capable of having a substituent; X.sub.5 denotes a single bond, --O-- or ##STR11## Z.sub.2 denotes a single bond or ##STR12## denotes ##STR13## and m is 1-12.
摘要:
A ferroelectric chiral smectic liquid crystal composition, comprising at least one compound represented by the following formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 respectively denote a linear or branched alkyl group having 1-18 carbon atoms capable of having a substituent; X.sub.1 and X.sub.2 respectively denote a single bond, --O--, ##STR2## Y.sub.1 denotes --CH.sub.2 O-- or --OCH.sub.2 --; and m and n are respectively 1 or 2; and at least one compound represented by the following formula (II): ##STR3## wherein R.sub.3 denotes a linear or branched alkyl group having 1-18 carbon atoms capable of having a substituent; X.sub.3 denotes a single bond, --O-- or ##STR4## Z denotes a single bond or ##STR5## and p is an integer of 1-12.
摘要:
A ferroelectric chiral smectic liquid crystal composition, comprising at least one compound represented by the following formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 respectively denote a linear or branched alkyl group having 1-18 carbon atoms capable of having a substituent, at least one of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 being optically active; and X.sub.1 denotes a single bond, --O--, ##STR2## and at least one compound represented by the following formula (II): ##STR3## wherein R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 respectively denote a linear or branched alkyl group having 1-18 carbon atoms capable of having a substituent; X.sub.2 and X.sub.3 respectively denote a single bond, --O--, ##STR4## and m and n are respectively 0, 1 or 2 with proviso that m+n=2 or more.
摘要:
A ferroelectric chiral smectic liquid crystal composition, comprising: at least one optically active compound represented by the following formula (II): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.3 denotes a linear or branched alkyl group having 1-18 carbon atoms capable of having a substituent; X.sub.3 denotes a single bond, ##STR2## Z.sub.1 denotes a single bond or ##STR3## and m is 1-12; at least one compound represented by the following formula (III): ##STR4## wherein R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 respectively denote a linear or branched alkyl group having 1-18 carbon atoms capable of having a substituent, at lease one of R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 being optically active; X.sub.4 denotes a single bond, ##STR5## and X.sub.5 denotes a single bond, ##STR6## and at least one compound represented by the following formula (I) or (IV): ##STR7## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 respectively denote a linear or branched alkyl group having 1-18 carbon atoms capable of having a substituent of C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkoxy group; X.sub.1 and X.sub.2 respectively denote a single bond, point and non-selected ##STR8## wherein R.sub.6 and R.sub.7 respectively denote a linear or branched alkyl group having 1-18 carbon atoms capable of having a substituent; X.sub.6 and X.sub.7 respectively denote a single bond, ##STR9## Z.sub.2 denotes ##STR10## or a single bond; ##STR11## respectively denote ##STR12## denotes ##STR13## with the proviso that at least one of ##STR14## is ##STR15##
摘要:
A ferroelectric chiral smectic liquid crystal composition, comprising at least one compound represented by the following formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 denotes a linear or branched alkyl group having 1-18 carbon atoms capable of having a substituent; R.sub.2 denotes a linear or branched alkyl group having 1-14 carbon atoms capable of having a substituent; X.sub.1 and X.sub.2 respectively denote a single bond, --O--, ##STR2## m is 0-7; and n is 0 or 1; and at least one compound represented by the following formula (II): ##STR3## wherein R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 respectively denote a linear alkyl group having 1-18 carbon atoms and one --CH.sub.2 -- not bonded to X.sub.4 in the alkyl group can be replaced with --O--; X.sub.3 and X.sub.4 respectively denote a single bond, --O--, ##STR4## and p and q are respectively 0, 1 or 2 with proviso that both of p and q are not 0.