公开(公告)号：US06805817B2

公开(公告)日：2004-10-19

申请号：US09932186

申请日：2001-08-17

申请人： Xiao-An Zhang ,  Alexandre Bratkovski ,  Yong Chen ,  R. Stanley Williams ,  Kent D. Vincent

发明人： Xiao-An Zhang ,  Alexandre Bratkovski ,  Yong Chen ,  R. Stanley Williams ,  Kent D. Vincent

IPC分类号： H01B112

CPC分类号： G11C13/0014 ,  B82Y10/00 ,  C09D11/03 ,  C09D11/50 ,  C09K9/02 ,  G02B26/026 ,  G02F1/15 ,  G02F1/17 ,  G02F1/174 ,  G11C13/02 ,  G11C13/04 ,  G11C23/00 ,  G11C2213/14 ,  G11C2213/77

摘要： An electric field activated molecular system, preferably bi-stable, configured within an electric field generated by a pair of electrodes is provided for use, e.g., as electronic ink or other visual displays. The molecular system has an electric field induced band gap change that occurs via a change (reversible or irreversible) of the extent of the electron conjugation via chemical bonding change to change the band gap, wherein in a first state, there is substantial conjugation throughout the molecular system, resulting in a relatively smaller band gap, and wherein in a second state, the substantial conjugation is destroyed, resulting in a relatively larger band gap. The changing of substantial conjugation may be accomplished in one of the following ways: (1) charge separation or recombination accompanied by increasing or decreasing electron localization in the molecule; or (2) change of substantial conjugation via charge separation or recombination and&pgr;-bond breaking or making. A primary advantage of the molecular system is improved contrast. Because the colorant of the present invention is molecular and thus effectively monoplanar, there should be no backside reflection or excessive scattering from the colorant. A second advantage of the present invention is improved resolution. Finally, each molecule of the present invention will latch to stabilize one or the other of its color states.

摘要翻译： 提供了在由一对电极产生的电场内配置的电场活化分子系统，优选双稳态，用于例如电子墨水或其它视觉显示器。 分子系统具有电场诱导的带隙变化，其通过经由化学键合改变的电子共轭程度的变化（可逆的或不可逆的）发生，以改变带隙，其中在第一状态下，在整个 分子系统，导致相对较小的带隙，并且其中在第二状态下，基本共轭被破坏，导致相对较大的带隙。 基本共轭的改变可以通过以下方式之一来实现：（1）伴随着分子中电子定位增加或减少的电荷分离或重组; 或（2）通过电荷分离或重组和断裂或制造改变基本共轭。 分子系统的主要优点是对比度提高。 因为本发明的着色剂是分子的，因此有效地是单面的，所以不应该有着色剂的背面反射或过度的散射。 本发明的第二个优点是分辨率提高。 最后，本发明的每个分子将锁定以稳定其一个或多个其颜色状态。

公开(公告)号：US06663797B2

公开(公告)日：2003-12-16

申请号：US09738793

申请日：2000-12-14

申请人： Alexandre Bratovski ,  Xiao-An Zhang ,  R. Stanley Williams

发明人： Alexandre Bratovski ,  Xiao-An Zhang ,  R. Stanley Williams

IPC分类号： H01B100

CPC分类号： H01L51/006 ,  B82Y10/00 ,  G02F1/15 ,  G02F1/174 ,  G11C13/02 ,  G11C13/04 ,  G11C13/041 ,  G11C2213/14 ,  G11C2213/77 ,  G11C2213/81 ,  H01L27/285 ,  H01L51/0055 ,  H01L51/0071 ,  H01L51/0595 ,  Y10S977/943

摘要： A route to the fabrication of electronic devices is provided, in which the devices consist of two crossed wires sandwiching an electrically addressable molecular species. The approach is extremely simple and inexpensive to implement, and scales from wire dimensions of several micrometers down to nanometer-scale dimensions. The electronic devices can be used to produce crossbar switch arrays, logic devices, memory devices, and communication and signal routing devices. The construction of molecular electronic devices is achieved on a length scale than can range from micrometers to nanometers via a straightforward and inexpensive chemical assembly procedure. The molecular switchable devices in the cross-bar geometry are configurable while the conformational change is controlled by intramolecular forces that are stronger than hydrogen bonding. The method of the present invention is directed to configuring an ensemble of molecular switches in a prescribed manner in cross-bar geometry and then making such configuration either substantially permanent or stable with respect to temperature fluctuations.

公开(公告)号：US06624002B2

公开(公告)日：2003-09-23

申请号：US10051505

申请日：2002-01-16

申请人： Alexandre M. Bratkovski ,  Pavel Kornilovich ,  R. Stanley Williams ,  Xiao-An Zhang

发明人： Alexandre M. Bratkovski ,  Pavel Kornilovich ,  R. Stanley Williams ,  Xiao-An Zhang

IPC分类号： H01L5140

CPC分类号： G11C23/00 ,  B82Y10/00 ,  C07D219/16 ,  G02F1/15 ,  G02F1/174 ,  G11C13/0014 ,  G11C13/02 ,  G11C13/04 ,  G11C2213/14 ,  G11C2213/77 ,  G11C2213/81

摘要： In accordance with the present invention, nanometer-scale reversible electronic switches are provided that can be assembled to make cross-bar circuits that provide memory, logic, and communications functions. The electronic switches, or crossed-wire devices, comprise a pair of crossed wires that form a junction where one wire crosses another at an angle other than zero degrees and at least one connector species connecting the pair of crossed wires in the junction. The junction has a functional dimension in nanometers, wherein at least one connector species and the pair of crossed wires forms an electrochemical cell. The connector species comprises a bistable molecule having a general formula given by The bistable molecules evidence high switching speed. Such molecules are essentially stable against switching due to thermal fluctuations.