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    Molecular devices activated by an electric field for electronic ink and other visual display
    1.
    发明授权
    Molecular devices activated by an electric field for electronic ink and other visual display 失效
    通过电场激活的分子器件用于电子墨水等视觉显示

    公开(公告)号：US06805817B2

    公开(公告)日：2004-10-19

    申请号：US09932186

    申请日：2001-08-17

    申请人： Xiao-An Zhang ,  Alexandre Bratkovski ,  Yong Chen ,  R. Stanley Williams ,  Kent D. Vincent

    发明人： Xiao-An Zhang ,  Alexandre Bratkovski ,  Yong Chen ,  R. Stanley Williams ,  Kent D. Vincent

    IPC分类号： H01B112

    CPC分类号： G11C13/0014 ,  B82Y10/00 ,  C09D11/03 ,  C09D11/50 ,  C09K9/02 ,  G02B26/026 ,  G02F1/15 ,  G02F1/17 ,  G02F1/174 ,  G11C13/02 ,  G11C13/04 ,  G11C23/00 ,  G11C2213/14 ,  G11C2213/77

    摘要： An electric field activated molecular system, preferably bi-stable, configured within an electric field generated by a pair of electrodes is provided for use, e.g., as electronic ink or other visual displays. The molecular system has an electric field induced band gap change that occurs via a change (reversible or irreversible) of the extent of the electron conjugation via chemical bonding change to change the band gap, wherein in a first state, there is substantial conjugation throughout the molecular system, resulting in a relatively smaller band gap, and wherein in a second state, the substantial conjugation is destroyed, resulting in a relatively larger band gap. The changing of substantial conjugation may be accomplished in one of the following ways: (1) charge separation or recombination accompanied by increasing or decreasing electron localization in the molecule; or (2) change of substantial conjugation via charge separation or recombination and&pgr;-bond breaking or making. A primary advantage of the molecular system is improved contrast. Because the colorant of the present invention is molecular and thus effectively monoplanar, there should be no backside reflection or excessive scattering from the colorant. A second advantage of the present invention is improved resolution. Finally, each molecule of the present invention will latch to stabilize one or the other of its color states.

    摘要翻译： 提供了在由一对电极产生的电场内配置的电场活化分子系统，优选双稳态，用于例如电子墨水或其它视觉显示器。 分子系统具有电场诱导的带隙变化，其通过经由化学键合改变的电子共轭程度的变化（可逆的或不可逆的）发生，以改变带隙，其中在第一状态下，在整个 分子系统，导致相对较小的带隙，并且其中在第二状态下，基本共轭被破坏，导致相对较大的带隙。 基本共轭的改变可以通过以下方式之一来实现：（1）伴随着分子中电子定位增加或减少的电荷分离或重组; 或（2）通过电荷分离或重组和断裂或制造改变基本共轭。 分子系统的主要优点是对比度提高。 因为本发明的着色剂是分子的，因此有效地是单面的，所以不应该有着色剂的背面反射或过度的散射。 本发明的第二个优点是分辨率提高。 最后，本发明的每个分子将锁定以稳定其一个或多个其颜色状态。

    Printing electronic and opto-electronic circuits
    3.
    发明授权
    Printing electronic and opto-electronic circuits 有权
    印刷电子和光电子电路

    公开(公告)号：US07404981B2

    公开(公告)日：2008-07-29

    申请号：US10420565

    申请日：2003-04-21

    申请人： Xiao-An Zhang ,  R. Stanley Williams ,  Yong Chen

    发明人： Xiao-An Zhang ,  R. Stanley Williams ,  Yong Chen

    IPC分类号： B05D5/12 ,  C23C14/00

    CPC分类号： H05K3/105 ,  H01L51/0004 ,  H01L51/0021 ,  H01L51/0037 ,  H05K3/02 ,  H05K2201/0329 ,  H05K2203/0108 ,  H05K2203/1142

    摘要： A method is provided for printing electronic and opto-electronic circuits. The method comprises: (a) providing a substrate; (b) providing a film-forming precursor species; (c) forming a substantially uniform and continuous film of the film-forming precursor species on at least one side of the substrate, the film having a first electrical conductivity; and (d) altering portions of the film with at least one conductivity-altering species to form regions having a second electrical conductivity that is different than the first electrical conductivity, the regions thereby providing circuit elements. The method employs very simple and continuous processes, which make the time to produce a batch of circuits very short and leads to very inexpensive products, such as electronic memories (write once or rewriteable), electronically addressable displays, and generally any circuit for which organic electronics or opto-electronics are acceptable.

    摘要翻译： 提供了一种印刷电子和光电子电路的方法。 该方法包括：（a）提供衬底; （b）提供成膜前体物质; （c）在所述基材的至少一侧上形成所述成膜前体物质的基本上均匀且连续的膜，所述膜具有第一导电性; 和（d）用至少一个导电性改变物质改变膜的部分，以形成具有不同于第一导电性的第二导电性的区域，由此提供电路元件。 该方法采用非常简单和连续的过程，这使得生产一批电路非常短并且导致非常便宜的产品的时间，例如电子存储器（一次写入或可重写），电子寻址显示器，以及通常用于有机 电子或光电子是可以接受的。

    Bottom electrode chemically-bonded Langmuir-Blodgett films via photolabile groups
    5.
    发明授权
    Bottom electrode chemically-bonded Langmuir-Blodgett films via photolabile groups 失效
    底部电极通过光不稳定组化学键合Langmuir-Blodgett薄膜

    公开(公告)号：US07291514B2

    公开(公告)日：2007-11-06

    申请号：US10792961

    申请日：2004-03-02

    申请人： Zhang-Lin Zhou ,  Yong Chen ,  Xiao-An Zhang

    发明人： Zhang-Lin Zhou ,  Yong Chen ,  Xiao-An Zhang

    IPC分类号： H01L51/40

    CPC分类号： G11C13/0009 ,  B05D1/204 ,  B05D3/061 ,  B82Y10/00 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  B82Y40/00 ,  G11C13/0014 ,  G11C2213/14 ,  G11C2213/77 ,  G11C2213/81 ,  H01L51/0075 ,  H01L51/0595

    摘要： Langmuir-Blodgett films are provided in which a molecule is chemically bonded with a bottom electrode substrate as part of a crossed wire device comprising two electrodes and a molecular layer therebetween. The molecule, which comprises a switchable moiety and a connecting moiety, is provided with a photolabile capping group attached to the connecting moiety. The photolabile capping group temporarily caps the reactive connecting group of the molecule. The capped molecules are processed to form a LB film on the water-air interface of water. The films are then exposed to UV light. The photolabile capping group decomposes to give back the connecting group, which remains in the water. As the uncapped LB films are transferred to a bottom electrode substrate, the surface of the electrode reacts with the reactive connecting group of the molecule to form a chemically bonded LB layer on the substrate, thereby providing improved LB films.

    摘要翻译： 提供Langmuir-Blodgett膜，其中分子与底部电极基底化学键合，作为包括两个电极和其间的分子层的交叉线器件的一部分。 包含可切换部分和连接部分的分子具有连接到连接部分上的光不透明封端基团。 光敏封端组暂时封闭分子的反应性连接基团。 加热封端的分子在水的水 - 空气界面上形成LB膜。 然后将膜暴露于UV光。 光不稳定封盖组分解，使回流在水中的连接组。 由于未封装的LB膜转移到底部电极基板，电极的表面与分子的反应性连接基团反应，以在基板上形成化学键合的LB层，从而提供改进的LB膜。

    Nano optical sensors via molecular self-assembly
    6.
    发明授权
    Nano optical sensors via molecular self-assembly 失效
    纳米光学传感器通过分子自组装

    公开(公告)号：US06815706B2

    公开(公告)日：2004-11-09

    申请号：US10323139

    申请日：2002-12-17

    申请人： Zhiyong Li ,  Yong Chen ,  Sean Xiao-An Zhang

    发明人： Zhiyong Li ,  Yong Chen ,  Sean Xiao-An Zhang

    IPC分类号： H01L2906

    CPC分类号： H01L51/42 ,  H01L51/005 ,  H01L51/0071 ,  H01L51/0077 ,  H01L51/428 ,  Y02E10/549 ,  Y10S977/954

    摘要： An optical sensor is provided, comprising (a) a silicon nanowire of finite length having an electrical contact pad at each end thereof; and (b) a plurality of self-assembled molecules on a surface of the silicon nanowire, the molecules serving to modulate electrical conductivity of the silicon nanowire by either a reversible change in dipole moment of the molecules or by a reversible molecule-assisted electron/energy transfer from the molecules onto the silicon nanowire. Further, a method of making the optical sensor is provided. The concept of molecular self-assembly is applied in attaching functional molecules onto silicon nanowire surfaces, and the requirement of molecule modification (hydroxy group in molecules) is minimal from the point view of synthetic difficulty and compatibility. Self-assembly will produce well-ordered ultra-thin films with strong chemical bonding on a surface that cannot be easily achieved by other conventional methods.

    摘要翻译： 提供了一种光学传感器，其包括（a）有限长度的硅纳米线，其每端具有电接触焊盘; 和（b）在硅纳米线的表面上的多个自组装分子，所述分子用于通过分子的偶极矩的可逆变化或通过可逆分子辅助电子/分子调制硅纳米线的导电性， 能量从分子转移到硅纳米线上。 此外，提供了制造光学传感器的方法。 分子自组装的概念应用于将功能分子附着在硅纳米线表面上，从合成难度和相容性的观点来看，分子修饰（分子中的羟基）的要求是最小的。 自组装将产生在表面上具有强化学键合的良好有序的超薄膜，其不能通过其它常规方法实现。

    Nano optical sensors via molecular self-assembly
    7.
    发明授权
    Nano optical sensors via molecular self-assembly 失效
    纳米光学传感器通过分子自组装

    公开(公告)号：US07294526B2

    公开(公告)日：2007-11-13

    申请号：US10917751

    申请日：2004-08-12

    申请人： Zhiyong Li ,  Yong Chen ,  Sean Xiao-An Zhang

    发明人： Zhiyong Li ,  Yong Chen ,  Sean Xiao-An Zhang

    IPC分类号： H01L51/40 ,  H01L21/00

    CPC分类号： H01L51/42 ,  H01L51/005 ,  H01L51/0071 ,  H01L51/0077 ,  H01L51/428 ,  Y02E10/549 ,  Y10S977/954

    摘要： An optical sensor is provided, comprising (a) a silicon nanowire of finite length having an electrical contact pad at each end thereof; and (b) a plurality of self-assembled molecules on a surface of the silicon nanowire, the molecules serving to modulate electrical conductivity of the silicon nanowire by either a reversible change in dipole moment of the molecules or by a reversible molecule-assisted electron/energy transfer from the molecules onto the silicon nanowire. Further, a method of making the optical sensor is provided. The concept of molecular self-assembly is applied in attaching functional molecules onto silicon nanowire surfaces, and the requirement of molecule modification (hydroxy group in molecules) is minimal from the point view of synthetic difficulty and compatibility. Self-assembly will produce well-ordered ultra-thin films with strong chemical bonding on a surface that cannot be easily achieved by other conventional methods.

    摘要翻译： 提供了一种光学传感器，其包括（a）有限长度的硅纳米线，其每端具有电接触焊盘; 和（b）在硅纳米线的表面上的多个自组装分子，所述分子用于通过分子的偶极矩的可逆变化或通过可逆分子辅助电子/分子调制硅纳米线的导电性， 能量从分子转移到硅纳米线上。 此外，提供了制造光学传感器的方法。 分子自组装的概念应用于将功能分子附着在硅纳米线表面上，从合成难度和相容性的观点来看，分子修饰（分子中的羟基）的要求是最小的。 自组装将产生在表面上具有强化学键合的良好有序的超薄膜，其不能通过其它常规方法实现。

    Gated nanoscale switch having channel of molecular wires
    8.
    发明授权
    Gated nanoscale switch having channel of molecular wires 失效
    具有分子线通道的门极纳米开关

    公开(公告)号：US06791338B1

    公开(公告)日：2004-09-14

    申请号：US10355748

    申请日：2003-01-31

    申请人： Alexandre Bratkovski ,  Yong Chen ,  Theodore I Kamins

    发明人： Alexandre Bratkovski ,  Yong Chen ,  Theodore I Kamins

    IPC分类号： G01R2700

    CPC分类号： H01L51/0595 ,  B82Y10/00 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  H01L29/7613

    摘要： A gated nanoscale switch operates as a resonant tunneling device. A conductive channel is formed of a pair of conductive molecular wires and a conductive nanoparticle. Each molecular wire is bound, at one end, to the conductive nanoparticle and, at the opposed end, to one of a pair of electrodes. The structure is located upon a dielectric layer that overlies a conductive substrate. The device may be arranged to operate as a switch with the conductive substrate acting as a gate electrode. Alternatively, the device may be employed to measure the electrical (current versus voltage) characteristics of the molecular wires.

    摘要翻译： 门控纳米级开关作为谐振隧穿装置工作。 导电通道由一对导电分子线和导电纳米颗粒形成。 每个分子线在一端结合到导电纳米颗粒上，并且在相对的端部与一对电极中的一个结合。 该结构位于覆盖导电基底的介电层上。 该器件可以被布置为作为开关，其中导电衬底用作栅电极。 或者，可以使用该装置来测量分子线的电（电流对电压）特性。

    Polymer solution for nanoimprint lithography to reduce imprint temperature and pressure
    9.
    发明授权
    Polymer solution for nanoimprint lithography to reduce imprint temperature and pressure 失效
    用于纳米压印光刻的聚合物溶液，以减少压印温度和压力

    公开(公告)号：US07750059B2

    公开(公告)日：2010-07-06

    申请号：US10313596

    申请日：2002-12-04

    申请人： Gun Young Jung ,  Sivapackia Ganapathiappan ,  Yong Chen ,  R. Stanley Williams

    发明人： Gun Young Jung ,  Sivapackia Ganapathiappan ,  Yong Chen ,  R. Stanley Williams

    IPC分类号： B29C35/08

    CPC分类号： B29C43/003 ,  B29C35/0888 ,  B29C59/022 ,  B29C2035/0827 ,  B29C2043/025 ,  B29C2059/023 ,  B82Y10/00 ,  B82Y40/00 ,  G03F7/0002 ,  G03F7/033

    摘要： A method of forming features on substrates by imprinting is provided. The method comprises: (a) forming a polymer solution comprising at least one polymer dissolved in at least one polymerizable monomer; and (b) depositing the polymer solution on a substrate to form a liquid film thereon; and then either: (c) curing the liquid film by causing the monomer(s) to polymerize and optionally cross-linking the polymer(s) to thereby form a polymer film, the polymer film having a glass transition temperature (Tg); and imprinting the polymer film with a mold having a desired pattern to form a corresponding negative pattern in the polymer film, or (d) imprinting the liquid film with the mold and curing it to form the polymer film. The temperature of imprinting is as little as 10° C. above the Tg, or even less if the film is in the liquid state. The pressure of the imprinting can be within the range of 100 to 500 psi.

    摘要翻译： 提供了通过压印在基板上形成特征的方法。 该方法包括：（a）形成包含至少一种溶解在至少一种可聚合单体中的聚合物的聚合物溶液; 和（b）将聚合物溶液沉积在基底上以在其上形成液膜; 然后：（c）通过使单体聚合并任选地交联聚合物从而形成聚合物膜来固化液膜，所述聚合物膜具有玻璃化转变温度（Tg）; 并用具有所需图案的模具印刷聚合物膜，以在聚合物膜中形成相应的负图案，或（d）用模具印刷液膜并固化以形成聚合物膜。 压印温度比Tg高出10℃，或者如果薄膜处于液体状态，则其温度更低。 压印的压力可以在100-500psi的范围内。

    Electric device having nanoscale wires and gaps
    10.
    发明授权
    Electric device having nanoscale wires and gaps 失效
    具有纳米线和间隙的电器件

    公开(公告)号：US07087946B2

    公开(公告)日：2006-08-08

    申请号：US10697589

    申请日：2003-10-30

    申请人： Yong Chen ,  R. Stanley Williams

    发明人： Yong Chen ,  R. Stanley Williams

    IPC分类号： H01L29/76 ,  H01L29/94 ,  H01L31/062 ,  H01L31/113 ,  H01L31/119

    CPC分类号： H01L21/3081 ,  B82Y10/00 ,  G11C2213/81 ,  H01L21/3083 ,  H01L29/0665 ,  H01L29/0673 ,  H01L29/42312 ,  H01L29/66439 ,  Y10S438/945 ,  Y10S438/962 ,  Y10S977/888

    摘要： A method for forming first and second linear structures of a first composition that meet at right angles, there being a gap at the point at which the structures meet. The linear structures are constructed on an etchable crystalline layer having the first composition. First and second self-aligned nanowires of a second composition are grown on this layer and used as masks for etching the layer. The self-aligned nanowires are constructed from a material that has an asymmetric lattice mismatch with respect to the crystalline layer. The gap is sufficiently small to allow one of the structures to act as the gate of a transistor and the other to form the source and drain of the transistor. The gap can be filled with electrically switchable materials thereby converting the transistor to a memory cell.

    摘要翻译： 一种用于形成第一组合物的第一和第二线性结构的方法，所述第一和第二线性结构垂直相交，在所述结构相交点处存在间隙。 线性结构构造在具有第一组成的可蚀刻晶体层上。 在该层上生长第二组合物的第一和第二自对准纳米线，并用作蚀刻该层的掩模。 自对准纳米线由相对于晶体层具有不对称晶格失配的材料构成。 该间隙足够小以允许一个结构用作晶体管的栅极，而另一个则形成晶体管的源极和漏极。 间隙可以用电可切换材料填充，从而将晶体管转换成存储单元。