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    Molecular devices activated by an electric field for electronic ink and other visual display
    1.
    发明授权
    Molecular devices activated by an electric field for electronic ink and other visual display 失效
    通过电场激活的分子器件用于电子墨水等视觉显示

    公开(公告)号：US06805817B2

    公开(公告)日：2004-10-19

    申请号：US09932186

    申请日：2001-08-17

    申请人： Xiao-An Zhang ,  Alexandre Bratkovski ,  Yong Chen ,  R. Stanley Williams ,  Kent D. Vincent

    发明人： Xiao-An Zhang ,  Alexandre Bratkovski ,  Yong Chen ,  R. Stanley Williams ,  Kent D. Vincent

    IPC分类号： H01B112

    CPC分类号： G11C13/0014 ,  B82Y10/00 ,  C09D11/03 ,  C09D11/50 ,  C09K9/02 ,  G02B26/026 ,  G02F1/15 ,  G02F1/17 ,  G02F1/174 ,  G11C13/02 ,  G11C13/04 ,  G11C23/00 ,  G11C2213/14 ,  G11C2213/77

    摘要： An electric field activated molecular system, preferably bi-stable, configured within an electric field generated by a pair of electrodes is provided for use, e.g., as electronic ink or other visual displays. The molecular system has an electric field induced band gap change that occurs via a change (reversible or irreversible) of the extent of the electron conjugation via chemical bonding change to change the band gap, wherein in a first state, there is substantial conjugation throughout the molecular system, resulting in a relatively smaller band gap, and wherein in a second state, the substantial conjugation is destroyed, resulting in a relatively larger band gap. The changing of substantial conjugation may be accomplished in one of the following ways: (1) charge separation or recombination accompanied by increasing or decreasing electron localization in the molecule; or (2) change of substantial conjugation via charge separation or recombination and&pgr;-bond breaking or making. A primary advantage of the molecular system is improved contrast. Because the colorant of the present invention is molecular and thus effectively monoplanar, there should be no backside reflection or excessive scattering from the colorant. A second advantage of the present invention is improved resolution. Finally, each molecule of the present invention will latch to stabilize one or the other of its color states.

    摘要翻译： 提供了在由一对电极产生的电场内配置的电场活化分子系统，优选双稳态，用于例如电子墨水或其它视觉显示器。 分子系统具有电场诱导的带隙变化，其通过经由化学键合改变的电子共轭程度的变化（可逆的或不可逆的）发生，以改变带隙，其中在第一状态下，在整个 分子系统，导致相对较小的带隙，并且其中在第二状态下，基本共轭被破坏，导致相对较大的带隙。 基本共轭的改变可以通过以下方式之一来实现：（1）伴随着分子中电子定位增加或减少的电荷分离或重组; 或（2）通过电荷分离或重组和断裂或制造改变基本共轭。 分子系统的主要优点是对比度提高。 因为本发明的着色剂是分子的，因此有效地是单面的，所以不应该有着色剂的背面反射或过度的散射。 本发明的第二个优点是分辨率提高。 最后，本发明的每个分子将锁定以稳定其一个或多个其颜色状态。

    Bistable molecular mechanical devices activated by an electric field for electronic ink and other visual display applications
    2.
    发明授权
    Bistable molecular mechanical devices activated by an electric field for electronic ink and other visual display applications 失效
    双电阻分子机械装置由电场激活用于电子墨水等视觉显示应用

    公开(公告)号：US06947205B2

    公开(公告)日：2005-09-20

    申请号：US09898799

    申请日：2001-07-03

    申请人： Xiao-An Zhang ,  R. Stanley Williams ,  Kent D. Vincent

    发明人： Xiao-An Zhang ,  R. Stanley Williams ,  Kent D. Vincent

    IPC分类号： G02F1/17 ,  G02B26/02 ,  G02F1/15 ,  G11C13/02 ,  G11C23/00 ,  G02F1/29 ,  G02F1/00

    CPC分类号： G11C13/0014 ,  B82Y10/00 ,  G02B26/026 ,  G02F1/15 ,  G02F1/174 ,  G11C13/02 ,  G11C13/04 ,  G11C23/00 ,  G11C2213/14 ,  G11C2213/77

    摘要： An electric field activated bi-stable molecular system configured within an electric field generated by a pair of electrodes is provided for use, e.g., as electronic ink or other visual displays. The molecular system has at least one rotor portion connected to at least one stator portion, wherein the rotor portion rotates with respect to the stator portion between at least two different states upon application of the electric field, thereby inducing a band gap change in the molecular system, wherein in a first state, there is extended conjugation throughout the major portion of the molecular system, resulting in a relatively smaller band gap, and wherein in a second state, the extended conjugation is destroyed, resulting in a relatively larger band gap. A primary advantage of the molecular system is improved contrast. Because the colorant of the present invention is molecular and thus effectively monoplanar, there should be no backside reflection or scattering from the colorant. A second advantage of the present invention is improved resolution. Finally, each molecule of the present invention will latch to stabilize one or the other of its color states.

    摘要翻译： 提供了由一对电极产生的电场内配置的电场激活的双稳态分子系统，例如用作电子墨水或其它视觉显示器。 分子系统具有连接至少一个定子部分的至少一个转子部分，其中转子部分在施加电场时在至少两个不同状态之间相对于定子部分旋转，由此引起分子中的带隙变化 系统，其中在第一状态下，在分子系统的整个主要部分存在延伸的共轭，导致相对较小的带隙，并且其中在第二状态下，扩展的共轭被破坏，导致相对较大的带隙。 分子系统的主要优点是对比度提高。 因为本发明的着色剂是分子且因此有效地是单面的，所以不应该有着色剂的背面反射或散射。 本发明的第二个优点是分辨率提高。 最后，本发明的每个分子将锁定以稳定其一个或多个其颜色状态。

    Field addressable rewritable media
    8.
    发明授权
    Field addressable rewritable media 有权
    现场可寻址的可重写介质

    公开(公告)号：US06853577B2

    公开(公告)日：2005-02-08

    申请号：US10264811

    申请日：2002-10-03

    申请人： Kent D. Vincent ,  Xiao-An Zhang ,  R. Stanley Williams

    发明人： Kent D. Vincent ,  Xiao-An Zhang ,  R. Stanley Williams

    IPC分类号： C09K9/02 ,  G02B26/02 ,  G02F1/15 ,  G02F1/163 ,  G11C11/00 ,  G11C13/04

    CPC分类号： G02F1/15 ,  C09K9/02 ,  G02B26/026 ,  G02F1/163 ,  Y10S977/724

    摘要： An electrochromic molecular colorant and a plurality of uses as an erasably writeable medium. Multitudinous types of substrates, such as paper, are adaptable for receiving a coating of the colorant. Electrical fringe field or through fields are used to transform targeted pixel molecules between a first, high color state and transparent state, providing information content having resolution and viewability at least equal to hard copy document print. The scope of the invention includes both the liquid coating and the combination of coating on substrate.

    摘要翻译： 电致变色分子着色剂和作为可擦写的介质的多种用途。 多种类型的基材，例如纸，适于接收着色剂的涂层。 电气条纹场或通过场用于在第一，高色状态和透明状态之间转换目标像素分子，提供具有至少等于硬拷贝文档打印的分辨率和可见度的信息内容。 本发明的范围包括液体涂层和在基底上的涂层组合。

    E-field-modulated bistable molecular mechanical device
    10.
    发明授权
    E-field-modulated bistable molecular mechanical device 有权
    电场调制双稳态分子机械装置

    公开(公告)号：US06751365B2

    公开(公告)日：2004-06-15

    申请号：US10013643

    申请日：2001-11-13

    申请人： Xiao-An Zhang ,  Zhang-Lin Zhou ,  R. Stanley Williams ,  Kent D. Vincent

    发明人： Xiao-An Zhang ,  Zhang-Lin Zhou ,  R. Stanley Williams ,  Kent D. Vincent

    IPC分类号： G02F1035

    CPC分类号： G11C13/02 ,  B82Y10/00 ,  G02B26/026 ,  G02F1/15 ,  G02F1/174 ,  G11C13/0014 ,  G11C13/04 ,  G11C23/00 ,  G11C2213/14 ,  G11C2213/71 ,  G11C2213/77 ,  G11C2213/81 ,  H01L27/285 ,  H01L51/0071 ,  H01L51/0595

    摘要： A molecular system is provided for nanometer-scale reversible electronic and optical switches, specifically, electric field-activated molecular switches that have an electric field induced band gap change that occurs via a molecular conformation change or a tautomerization. Changing of extended conjugation via chemical bonding change to change the band gap is accomplished by providing the molecular system with one rotating portion (rotor) and two or more stationary portions (stators), between which the rotor is attached. The molecular system of the present invention has three branches (first, second, and third branches) with one end of each branch connected to a junction unit to form a “Y” configuration. The first and second branches are on one side of the junction unit and the third branch is on the opposite side of the junction unit. The first branch contains a first stator unit in its backbone, the junction unit comprises a second stator unit, and the first branch further contains a rotor unit in its backbone between the first stator unit and the second stator unit. The second branch includes an insulating supporting group in its backbone for providing a length of the second branch substantially equal to that of the first branch, wherein the rotor unit rotates between two states as a function of an externally-applied field.

    摘要翻译： 为纳米尺度的可逆电子和光开关提供分子系统，特别是电场激活的分子开关，其具有通过分子构象变化或互变异构发生的电场诱导的带隙变化。 通过化学键合改变延伸共轭以改变带隙的改变通过为分子系统提供一个旋转部分（转子）和两个或更多个固定部分（定子）而实现，转子附接在该固定部分之间。 本发明的分子系统具有三个分支（第一，第二和第三分支），每个分支的一端连接到连接单元以形成“Y”构型。 第一和第二分支在接合单元的一侧，第三分支位于接合单元的相对侧。 第一分支包括其主干中的第一定子单元，接合单元包括第二定子单元，并且第一分支还包括位于第一定子单元和第二定子单元之间的主体中的转子单元。 第二分支包括其主干中的绝缘支撑组，用于提供基本上等于第一分支的第二分支的长度，其中转子单元作为外部施加的磁场的函数在两个状态之间旋转。