公开(公告)号：US20100287847A1

公开(公告)日：2010-11-18

申请号：US12779455

申请日：2010-05-13

申请人： David S. Smith

发明人： David S. Smith

IPC分类号： E04H1/00 ,  E04C2/52 ,  E04C2/34 ,  E04B1/344 ,  E06B1/04 ,  E04G21/00

CPC分类号： E04B1/3445

摘要： A collapsible temporary housing system including a base, four walls being connected along each respective edge extending between at least two of the four corners, the walls being pivotally connected along the edges of the base so that when the walls are pivoted into a collapsible configuration each wall is laid upon a previously collapsed wall creating a nearly horizontal surface extending across a top surface area of the base, and a flat roof, the flat roof being detached from the four walls while the four walls are pivoted into an erected position, secured to the walls once the walls are erected, and set upon the nearly horizontal surface when the walls are pivoted into a collapsible configuration, wherein a plurality of other temporary housing systems may be stacked where a lean of the stacked housing systems which could result in the stacked housing systems falling over is not present.

摘要翻译： 一种可折叠的临时外壳系统，包括基座，四个壁沿着在四个拐角中的至少两个之间延伸的每个相应边缘连接，所述壁沿着基座的边缘枢转地连接，使得当壁被枢转成可折叠构造时 壁被放置在先前坍缩的墙壁上，形成延伸穿过基部的顶部表面区域的近似水平的表面，以及平坦的屋顶，平坦的屋顶与四个壁分离，同时四个壁枢转到竖立位置，固定到 墙壁一旦竖立，并且当墙壁枢转成可折叠构造时，其设置在几乎水平的表面上，其中多个其他临时外壳系统可以堆叠在堆叠的外壳系统的倾斜处，这可能导致堆叠 不存在住房系统。

公开(公告)号：US06987566B1

公开(公告)日：2006-01-17

申请号：US10304768

申请日：2002-11-27

申请人： David S. Smith

发明人： David S. Smith

IPC分类号： G01J4/00

CPC分类号： G01N21/21 ,  G01M11/005 ,  G01N21/55

摘要： Methods and apparatus are described for assessing the reflective properties of mirrors at different angles of incidence without precise knowledge of the mirror's basic optical constants and/or without precise knowledge of the mirror's over-coating prescription. Reflectance values can be accurately calculated for multiple angles of incidence based upon measurement data collected for a single angle of incidence. The approach uses equations based on the Fresnel equations for reflectance in which reflectance is calculated as a function of the angle of incidence of incoming light to the scanned mirror used to collect the signal. The angle of incidence-based approach allows accurate reflectance values to be calculated over a broad range of wavelengths and angle of incidences without detailed knowledge of the optical properties of the coating material and the substrate underneath. The described methods and apparatus are particularly useful for calibrating measurements made with remote sensing instruments that use scanned mirrors.

摘要翻译： 描述了用于评估不同入射角的反射镜的反射性能的方法和装置，而没有镜的基本光学常数的精确知识和/或没有镜子的过涂层处方的精确知识。 基于针对单个入射角收集的测量数据可以准确计算多个入射角的反射率值。 该方法使用基于菲涅耳方程的方程来反射，其中反射率被计算为入射光入射到用于收集信号的扫描镜的入射角的函数。 基于入射角的方法允许在广泛的波长范围和发生角度下计算精确的反射率值，而无需详细了解涂层材料和下面的基底的光学性质。 所描述的方法和装置对于校准使用扫描反射镜的遥感仪器进行的测量特别有用。

公开(公告)号：US5599440A

公开(公告)日：1997-02-04

申请号：US497638

申请日：1995-06-30

申请人： Bruce E. Stangeland ,  David C. Kramer ,  David S. Smith ,  James T. McCall ,  Georgieanna L. Scheuerman ,  Robert W. Bachtel ,  David R. Johnson

发明人： Bruce E. Stangeland ,  David C. Kramer ,  David S. Smith ,  James T. McCall ,  Georgieanna L. Scheuerman ,  Robert W. Bachtel ,  David R. Johnson

IPC分类号： B01J8/00 ,  B01J8/12 ,  B01J8/18 ,  B01J8/22 ,  C10G35/10 ,  C10G45/00 ,  C10G49/00 ,  C10G49/14 ,  C10G35/14

CPC分类号： B01J8/003 ,  B01J8/008 ,  B01J8/125 ,  B01J8/1881 ,  B01J8/22 ,  C10G49/002 ,  C10G49/14 ,  B01J2208/00884

摘要： This invention makes possible substantially continuous flow of uniformly distributed hydrogen and hydrocarbon liquid across a densely packed catalyst bed to fill substantially the entire volume of a reactor vessel by introducing the fluids as alternate annular rings of gas and liquid (i.e. a mixture of liquid hydrocarbon and a hydrogen-containing gas) at a rate insufficient to levitate or ebullate the catalyst bed. Catalyst are selected by density, shape and size at a design feed rate of liquids and gas to prevent ebullation of the packed bed at the design feed rates. Catalysts are selected by measuring bed expansion, such as in a large pilot plant run, with hydrocarbon, hydrogen, and catalyst at the design pressures and flow velocities. The liquid and gas components of the feed flow into the bed in alternate annular rings across the full area of the bed. At the desired flow rate, such catalyst continually flows in a plug-like manner downwardly through the reactor vessel by introducing fresh catalyst at the top of the catalyst bed by laminarly flowing such catalyst in a liquid stream on a periodic or semicontinuous basis. Catalyst is similarly removed by laminarly flowing catalyst particles in a liquid stream out of the bottom of the catalyst bed. Intake for such flow is out of direct contact with the stream of gas flowing through the bed and the flow path is substantially constant in cross-sectional area and greater in diameter by several times than the diameter of the catalyst particles. The catalyst of this invention produces a plug-flowing substantially packed bed of hydroprocessing catalyst which occupies at least about 75% by volume of the reactor volume.

摘要翻译： 本发明使得均匀分布的氢气和烃液体可以在密集填充的催化剂床上基本连续地流动，以通过将流体作为气体和液体的替代环​​形环（即液体烃和液体烃的混合物）引入反应器容器的基本整个体积 含氢气体），其速率不足以使催化剂床漂浮或沸腾。 在液体和气体的设计进料速率下，通过密度，形状和尺寸选择催化剂，以防止填料床以设计进料速率进行沸腾。 通过在设计压力和流速下测量床膨胀，例如在大型中试设备运行中与烃，氢气和催化剂进行选择。 进料床的液体和气体组分在床的整个区域内以交替的环形环流入床中。 以期望的流速，这种催化剂以塞子状方式向下延伸穿过反应器容器，通过在催化剂床的顶部引入新鲜的催化剂，通过在液体流中以周期性或半连续的方式层流流动这种催化剂。 催化剂类似地通过层流流动的催化剂颗粒在催化剂床底部的液体流中除去。 这种流动的吸入不与流过床的气体流直接接触，并且流动通道在横截面积上基本上恒定，并且直径大于催化剂颗粒直径的几倍。 本发明的催化剂产生占据反应器体积的至少约75体积％的加氢处理催化剂的堵塞流动基本上填充的床。

公开(公告)号：US5409598A

公开(公告)日：1995-04-25

申请号：US215254

申请日：1994-03-21

申请人： David C. Kramer ,  Bruce E. Stangeland ,  David S. Smith ,  James T. McCall ,  Georgieanna Scheuerman ,  Robert W. Bachtel

发明人： David C. Kramer ,  Bruce E. Stangeland ,  David S. Smith ,  James T. McCall ,  Georgieanna Scheuerman ,  Robert W. Bachtel

IPC分类号： B01J8/00 ,  B01J8/12 ,  B01J8/18 ,  B01J8/22 ,  C10G35/10 ,  C10G45/02 ,  C10G45/20 ,  C10G49/00 ,  C10G49/14 ,  C10G11/18 ,  C10G35/14

CPC分类号： B01J8/125 ,  B01J8/008 ,  B01J8/1881 ,  B01J8/22 ,  C10G49/002 ,  C10G49/14 ,  B01J2208/00884

摘要： On-stream catalyst replacement hydroprocessing method wherein an upstream mixture of hydrogen and hydrocarbon liquid counter flows through a downwardly moving bed of hydroprocessing catalyst in a reactor vessel. The mixed feed stream of hydrogen and liquid hydrocarbon components enters a surge zone between the lower end of the reactor and a plenum zone to form a common pool under a conical support for the lower end of the downflowing catalyst bed. The mixed feed enters the plenum chamber through a plurality of passageways extending downwardly from the plenum zone to the same depth adjacent the lower end of the surge zone so that the liquid component normally prevents hydrogen from establishing independent paths before entering the plenum zone. Separation of the hydrogen and hydrocarbon liquid components from the mixed feed is thus assured to occur in the plenum zone directly below the pervious conical support to form a plurality of stepped concentric local reservoir rings under the conical support. Such rings are spaced apart sufficiently to create adjacent and alternate separate feed rings of hydrogen and hydrocarbon liquid. The depth of the lower end of each ring is intermediate the depth of the two radially adjacent concentric rings to maintain uniform feed of hydrogen and hydrocarbon liquid across the full cross-sectional area of the downflowing catalyst particles.

摘要翻译： 在线催化剂替代加氢处理方法，其中氢和烃液体计数器的上游混合物在反应器容器中流过加氢处理催化剂的向下移动的床。 氢和液态烃组分的混合进料流进入反应器下端和增压区之间的浪涌区，以形成用于向下流动的催化剂床的下端的圆锥形支撑下的公共池。 混合进料通过从充气室向下延伸到邻近冲击区的下端的相同深度的多个通道进入增压室，使得液体组分通常在进入增压区之前防止氢气建立独立的路径。 因此，可以确保从混合进料中分离氢气和烃液体组分直接位于可透过的锥形支撑件正下方的增压区中，以在圆锥形支撑件下面形成多个阶梯状的同心局部储层环。 这种环足够间隔开以产生氢和烃液体的相邻和替代的分开的进料环。 每个环的下端的深度位于两个径向相邻的同心环的深度之间，以保持氢和烃液体在向下流动的催化剂颗粒的整个横截面积上的均匀进料。

公开(公告)号：US5076908A

公开(公告)日：1991-12-31

申请号：US381948

申请日：1989-07-19

申请人： Bruce E. Stangeland ,  David C. Kramer ,  David S. Smith ,  James T. McCall ,  Georgieanna L. Scheuerman ,  Robert W. Bachtel

发明人： Bruce E. Stangeland ,  David C. Kramer ,  David S. Smith ,  James T. McCall ,  Georgieanna L. Scheuerman ,  Robert W. Bachtel

IPC分类号： B01J8/00 ,  B01J8/12 ,  B01J8/18 ,  B01J8/22 ,  C10G35/10 ,  C10G45/02 ,  C10G45/20 ,  C10G49/00 ,  C10G49/14

CPC分类号： B01J8/125 ,  B01J8/008 ,  B01J8/1881 ,  B01J8/22 ,  C10G49/002 ,  C10G49/14 ,  B01J2208/00884

摘要： This invention makes possible substantially continuous flow of uniformly distributed hydrogen and hydrocarbon liquid across a densely packed catalyst bed to fill substantially the entire volume of a reactor vessel by introducing the fluids as alternate annular rings of gas and liquid at a rate insufficient to levitate the bed and with catalyst selected by a density, shape and size at a design feed rate of liquids and gas to prevent ebulation of the packed bed at the design feed rates. Catalysts are selected by measuring bed expansion in a large pilot plant run with hydrocarbon, hydrogen, and catalyst at the design pressures and flow velocities. The liquid and gas components of the feed flow into the bed in alternate annular rings across the full area of the bed. At the desired flow rate, such catalyst continually flows in a plug-like manner downwardly through the vessel by introducing fresh catalyst at the top of the bed by laminarly flowing such catalyst in a liquid stream on a periodic or semicontinuous basis. Catalyst is similarly removed by laminarly flowing catalyst particles in a liquid stream out of the bottom of the bed. Intake for such flow is out of direct contact with the stream of gas flowing through the bed and the flow path is substantially constant in cross-sectional area and greater in diameter by several times than the diameter of the catalyst particles.

摘要翻译： 本发明使得均匀分布的氢气和烃液体可以基本上连续地流过密集填充的催化剂床，以通过以不足以漂浮床的速率将流体引入气体和液体的替代环​​形环来填充反应器容器的整个体积 并且以液体和气体的设计进料速率通过密度，形状和尺寸选择催化剂，以防止填充床在设计进料速率下的膨胀。 通过在设计压力和流速下用烃，氢气和催化剂运行的大型中试设备中测量床膨胀来选择催化剂。 进料床的液体和气体组分在床的整个区域内以交替的环形环流入床中。 以期望的流速，这种催化剂通过在床的顶部引入新鲜的催化剂，以塞子状向下延续流动，通过以周期性或半连续的方式在液体流中层流流动这种催化剂。 类似地，催化剂通过层流流动的催化剂颗粒在床的底部的液体流中除去。 这种流动的吸入不与流过床的气体流直接接触，并且流动通道在横截面积上基本上恒定，并且直径大于催化剂颗粒直径的几倍。

公开(公告)号：US4687382A

公开(公告)日：1987-08-18

申请号：US904131

申请日：1986-09-05

申请人： David S. Smith

发明人： David S. Smith

IPC分类号： B65G53/30

CPC分类号： B65G53/30

摘要： Methods and apparatus for controlling the flow of solids in systems containing solid/fluid slurries is disclosed. An L-valve, having subsequent thereto a separator for separating the solid and fluid phases of the slurry, and a way to regulate the flow of the separated fluid permits the opening and closing of the L-valve without the necessity of mechanical valving systems in contact with the solid phase. A novel L-valve design comprising a radial barrier above a vertical outlet which barrier is of sufficient dimension to permit the solids to attain their angle of repose before reaching the outlet is also disclosed.

摘要翻译： 公开了用于控制含固体/流体浆液的系统中固体流动的方法和装置。 其后具有用于分离浆料的固体和流体相的分离器以及调节分离流体的流动的方式的L型阀允许L阀的打开和关闭，而不需要机械阀系统 与固相接触。 还公开了一种新颖的L型阀设计，其包括在垂直出口上方的径向障碍物，该屏障具有足够的尺寸以允许固体在到达出口之前达到其休止角。

公开(公告)号：US4272505A

公开(公告)日：1981-06-09

申请号：US830009

申请日：1977-09-01

申请人： David S. Smith

发明人： David S. Smith

IPC分类号： G01N33/53 ,  G01N33/542 ,  G01N33/78 ,  G01N21/64 ,  G01N33/54 ,  G01N33/58

CPC分类号： G01N33/78 ,  Y10S436/80 ,  Y10S436/805

摘要： Thyroid hormones such as thyroxine and triiodothyronine are assayed in biological fluid samples by a competitive binding analysis in which a fluorescent label is used. Upon formation of complexes, the fluorescence of the labelled compound is released, and the hormone can be assayed by measuring the fluorescence of the mixture and comparing the result with standard data. Fluorescein is the preferred label. The process can be operated in a continuous flow manner.

摘要翻译： 通过竞争性结合分析在生物液体样品中测定甲状腺素和三碘甲状腺原氨酸的甲状腺激素，其中使用荧光标记。 复合物形成后，释放标记化合物的荧光，通过测量混合物的荧光并将结果与​​标准数据进行比较，可以测定激素。 荧光素是首选标签。 该过程可以以连续流动方式操作。

公开(公告)号：US4150949A

公开(公告)日：1979-04-24

申请号：US787654

申请日：1977-04-14

申请人： David S. Smith

发明人： David S. Smith

IPC分类号： G01N33/53 ,  A61K39/00 ,  G01N33/542 ,  G01N21/52 ,  G01N33/16

CPC分类号： G01N33/542 ,  Y10S436/80 ,  Y10S436/808 ,  Y10S436/815

摘要： Aminoglycoside antibiotics, especially gentamicin, in biological fluid samples are assayed fluorimetrically by mixing the sample with a fluorescent-labelled compound and with antibodies. The fluorescence of the compound is reduced when the compound binds with the antibodies, and by measuring the fluorescence of the mixture, the amount of antibiotic in the sample can be determined.

摘要翻译： 通过将样品与荧光标记的化合物和抗体混合来荧光测定生物液体样品中的氨基糖苷类抗生素，特别是庆大霉素。 当化合物与抗体结合时，化合物的荧光降低，并且通过测量混合物的荧光，可以测定样品中抗生素的量。

公开(公告)号：US3936854A

公开(公告)日：1976-02-03

申请号：US473034

申请日：1974-05-24

申请人： David S. Smith

发明人： David S. Smith

IPC分类号： G03D5/00 ,  G03G15/10 ,  G03D13/00 ,  G03D3/08

CPC分类号： G03G15/101 ,  G03D5/003

摘要： An apparatus for the liquid processing or development of a latent image on a photographic or electrostatic material utilizes a single liquid, usually referred to as a monobath, for developing the latent photographic image or a liquid developer, which comprises a liquid carrier and toner particles, for developing the latent electrostatic image.The apparatus comprises two members between which the material is clamped during the development process. The first member which is fixed, has an open-end chamber that is interconnected to two sources of air under pressure and to a reservoir for at least one processing fluid. This chamber is also provided with two concentrically arranged sealing means for retaining the processing fluid in proper relation to the image area being developed when the material is clamped between the two members. The second member also has an open-end chamber which is enclosed by a transparent support and is movable relative to the first member for clamping the material therebetween via the sealing means. After the processing fluid has been introduced for developing the latent image, two air flows of different duration are then introduced into the chamber of the first member. The one flow of air removes and squeegies any remaining fluid within the confines of the inner sealing means off the surface of the material and carries it away in a mist or in a finely atomized condition. The other flow, which is of shorter duration, breaks the inner sealing means in order to remove any residual fluid that may have accumulated at its sealing position relative to the material. The apparatus is therefore intended primarily for a cycle of operation with respect to a strip or sheet of material that is moved intermittently rather than continuously relative to the apparatus.

摘要翻译： 用于在照相或静电材料上液体处理或显影潜像的装置利用单一液体，通常称为单体，用于显影潜象摄影图像或包含液体载体和调色剂颗粒的液体显影剂， 用于显影静电潜像。