摘要:
The methods and apparatus disclosed herein concern nucleic acid sequencing by enhanced Raman spectroscopy. In certain embodiments of the invention, nucleotides are covalently attached to Raman labels before incorporation into a nucleic acid. In other embodiments, unlabeled nucleic acids are used. Exonuclease treatment of the nucleic acid results in the release of labeled or unlabeled nucleotides that are detected by Raman spectroscopy. In alternative embodiments of the invention, nucleotides released from a nucleic acid by exonuclease treatment are covalently cross-linked to nanoparticles and detected by surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), surface enhanced resonance Raman spectroscopy (SERRS) and/or coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy (CARS). Other embodiments of the invention concern apparatus for nucleic acid sequencing.
摘要:
Methods and apparatuses for sequencing single polymer molecules, such as a nucleic acid strand, are discussed. A discussed method comprises dividing a polymer sample into a number of polymer subsamples equal to the number of different monomer types and partially labeling only one of the monomer types in each polymer subsample. The method may further comprise placing a subsample into a reaction chamber, sequentially separating each monomer from the polymer subsample, and detecting the labels of each separated labeled monomer as a function of time. The time between each labeled monomer may be used to construct a monomer-time map for each polymer sub-sample using overlapping data analysis and frequency analysis. Time maps may then be assembled/aligned into a polymer sequence from the monomer-time maps of each of the polymer subsamples using non-overlapping data analysis.
摘要:
The present invention is based on the discovery that the methods described herein for the production of metallic colloids result in colloids exhibiting increased signal enhancement and reproducibility for the SERS detection of biomolecules. Thus, using the methods of the invention, a wide variety of biomolecules can be detected with a greater sensitivity and reliability.
摘要:
The present invention is based on the discovery that the methods described herein for the production of metallic colloids result in colloids exhibiting increased signal enhancement and reproducibility for the SERS detection of biomolecules. Thus, using the methods of the invention, a wide variety of biomolecules can be detected with a greater sensitivity and reliability.
摘要:
Briefly, in accordance with one embodiment of the invention, the intensity of the signals from surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy may be increased by using lithium chloride as an enhancer to activate a metallic structure used for surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy. The increased signal intensity may allow surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy to be utilized to detect individual analytes such as nucleotides, for example in DNA sequencing without requiring a dye or radioactive label.
摘要:
The present invention is based on the discovery that the methods described herein for the production of metallic colloids result in colloids exhibiting increased signal enhancement and reproducibility for the SERS detection of biomolecules. Thus, using the methods of the invention, a wide variety of biomolecules can be detected with a greater sensitivity and reliability.
摘要:
The present invention is based on the discovery that the methods described herein for the production of metallic colloids result in colloids exhibiting increased signal enhancement and reproducibility for the SERS detection of biomolecules. Thus, using the methods of the invention, a wide variety of biomolecules can be detected with a greater sensitivity and reliability.
摘要:
Methods and apparatus are provided herein for assaying biological samples using probes labeled with composite organic-inorganic nanoparticles (COINs) and microspheres with COINs embedded within a polymer matrix to which the probe moiety is attached. COINs are Raman-active nanoparticles made up of aggregated primary metal crystal particles with Raman-active organic compounds adsorbed on the surface in the junctions of aggregated primary metal crystal particles or embedded in the crystal lattice of the primary metal particles. Since COINs intrinsically produce SERS signals upon laser irradiation, COIN-labeled probes are particularly suitable in a variety of methods for assaying biological molecules, most of which are not inherently Raman-active. The invention provides variations of the sandwich immunoassay employing both specific and degenerate binding, methods for reverse phase assay of tissue samples and cell microstructures, in solution displacement and competition assays, and the like. Kits and chips useful for practicing the invention assays are also provided.
摘要:
The present invention is based on the discovery that the methods described herein for the production of metallic colloids result in colloids exhibiting increased signal enhancement and reproducibility for the SERS detection of biomolecules. Thus, using the methods of the invention, a wide variety of biomolecules can be detected with a greater sensitivity and reliability.
摘要:
The present invention is based on the discovery that the methods described herein for the production of metallic colloids result in colloids exhibiting increased signal enhancement and reproducibility for the SERS detection of biomolecules. Thus, using the methods of the invention, a wide variety of biomolecules can be detected with a greater sensitivity and reliability.