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公开(公告)号：US4484999A
公开(公告)日：1984-11-27
申请号：US521764
申请日：1983-08-09
申请人： Hiroshi Asano , Takayuki Shimamune , Hideo Nitta , Ryuta Hirayama
发明人： Hiroshi Asano , Takayuki Shimamune , Hideo Nitta , Ryuta Hirayama
CPC分类号： C25B11/0478
摘要： An electrolytic electrode which exhibits high durability when used in electrolysis in which the generation of oxygen is involved and a process for the production of same. The electrolytic electrode comprises (a) an electrode substrate of an electrically-conductive metal; (b) an electrode coating of an electrode active substance; and (c) an intermediate layer provided between the electrode substrate and the electrode coating, said intermediate layer comprising a mixed oxide of (i) an oxide of Ti and/or Sn having a valence number of 4 and (ii) an oxide of Ta and/or Nb having a valence number of 5.
摘要翻译： 在涉及氧的产生的电解中使用的耐久性高的电解电极及其制造方法。 电解电极包括（a）导电金属的电极基板; （b）电极活性物质的电极涂层; 和（c）设置在电极基板和电极涂层之间的中间层，所述中间层包含（i）Ti和/或Sn的价数为4的氧化物和（ii）Ta的氧化物的混合氧化物 和/或价数为5的Nb。
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公开(公告)号：US4464239A
公开(公告)日：1984-08-07
申请号：US550716
申请日：1983-11-10
CPC分类号： B01J23/78 , C25B11/0478
摘要： The invention relates to lithiated cobalto-cobaltic oxides, especially stoichiometric Co.sub.3 O.sub.4, which have been found to be remarkably efficient electrocatalysts, especially at relatively high total lithium contents of more than 2 atom percent, preferably from 5 to 12 atom percent. The electrocatalysts are especially suitable for oxygen evolution and reduction electrodes and have been found to exhibit long term stability over periods up to 6,000 hours. They are also useful in purely chemical processes such as those involving a decomposition of hydrogen peroxide or peroxyl ions.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及锂化钴 - 钴氧化物，特别是化学计量的Co 3 O 4，其已被发现是非常有效的电催化剂，特别是在相对高的总锂含量大于2原子％，优选5至12原子％的情况下。 电催化剂特别适用于析氧和还原电极，并且已经发现在高达6000小时的时间段内具有长期稳定性。 它们也可用于纯化学过程，如涉及过氧化氢或过氧化氢离子分解的化学过程。
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公开(公告)号：US4461691A
公开(公告)日：1984-07-24
申请号：US465418
申请日：1983-02-10
申请人： Arthur J. Frank
发明人： Arthur J. Frank
CPC分类号： C25B1/003 , H01G9/20 , H01M14/005 , Y10S204/03
摘要： According to the present invention, improved electrodes overcoated with conductive polymer films and preselected catalysts are provided. The electrodes typically comprise an inorganic semiconductor overcoated with a charge conductive polymer film comprising a charge conductive polymer in or on which is a catalyst or charge-relaying agent.
摘要翻译： 根据本发明，提供了用导电聚合物膜和预选催化剂覆盖的改进的电极。 电极通常包括用包含电荷导电聚合物的电荷导电聚合物膜外涂的无机半导体，其上是催化剂或电荷中继剂。
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公开(公告)号：US4439297A
公开(公告)日：1984-03-27
申请号：US307352
申请日：1981-10-01
摘要： A monopolar membrane electrolytic cell is comprised of a plurality of anodes wherein each anode is comprised of a first foraminous surface and a second foraminous surface positioned in parallel and spaced apart, and a frame enclosing the first and the second foraminous surfaces. The frame has two side members, a top member, and a bottom member attached to the foraminous surfaces. A chamber is formed between the foraminous surfaces and bounded by the frame. Conductor rods pass through one of the side members of the frame into the chamber, the conductor rods being spaced apart from the foraminous surfaces. Foraminous conductive connectors are positioned in the chamber and attached to the conductor rods and to the foraminous surfaces; a plurality of cathodes wherein each cathode is comprised of at least one foraminous surface, and a frame which encloses the foraminous surface. The cathodes are alternatingly interleaved with the anodes; a plurality of sheets of cation exchange membrane material, each of the sheets being pressed between each opposite pair of the anodes and the cathodes. The cation exchange membrane material is comprised of a blend of a first fluorinated polymer which contains sulfonyl functional groups and a second fluorinated polymer which contains carboxylic acid functional groups; the cell has raw material supply conduits and product withdrawal conduits communicating with the interior of each of the anodes and the cathodes; means for supplying electric current to the anodes and removing electric current from the cathodes are provided, and pressing means provided for pressing the anodes and the cathodes together to form a substantially fluid-tight cell.
摘要翻译： 单极膜电解池由多个阳极组成，其中每个阳极由平行和间隔开的第一多孔表面和第二多孔表面组成，以及包围第一和第二多孔表面的框架。 框架具有两个侧构件，顶部构件和附接到多孔表面的底部构件。 在多孔表面之间形成一个室，并由框架限定。 导体杆穿过框架的一个侧构件进入腔室，导体杆与多孔表面间隔开。 多孔导电连接器位于腔室中，并连接到导体棒和多孔表面; 多个阴极，其中每个阴极包括至少一个多孔表面，以及包围多孔表面的框架。 阴极交替地与阳极交错; 多个阳离子交换膜材料片，每个片材被压在每对相对的阳极和阴极之间。 阳离子交换膜材料由含有磺酰基官能团的第一氟化聚合物和含有羧酸官能团的第二含氟聚合物的共混物组成; 电池具有与每个阳极和阴极的内部连通的原料供应管道和产品取出管道; 提供了用于向阳极提供电流并从阴极去除电流的装置，以及用于将阳极和阴极压在一起以形成基本上流体密封的电池的压制装置。
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45.发明授权Method for making a cathode, and method for lowering hydrogen overvoltage in a chloralkali cell 失效制造阴极的方法以及降低氯碱电池中氢过电压的方法
公开(公告)号：US4436599A
公开(公告)日：1984-03-13
申请号：US484557
申请日：1983-04-13
申请人： Thomas C. Bissot , Stephen Li
发明人： Thomas C. Bissot , Stephen Li
CPC分类号： C25B1/46 , C25B11/0442
摘要： The invention provides an improved process for making an iron-activated cathode for a chloralkali cell, and an improved method for lowering the operating voltage of a chloralkali electrolysis cell, which comprises adding to the cathode compartment of the cell a solution of a water-soluble or caustic-soluble ferrite and passing an electric current through the cell. By virtue of the invention, the hydrogen overvoltage in the cell is lowered, and considerable operating improvement thereby attained.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种用于制备氯碱电池的铁活化阴极的改进方法，以及降低氯碱电解槽的工作电压的改进方法，其包括向电解槽的阴极室加入水溶性溶液 或腐蚀性铁素体，并使电流通过电池。 凭借本发明，电池中的氢过电压降低，从而获得了相当大的操作改进。
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公开(公告)号：US4411746A
公开(公告)日：1983-10-25
申请号：US400699
申请日：1982-07-22
申请人： Dieter Degner , Hans Roos , Heinz Hannebaum
发明人： Dieter Degner , Hans Roos , Heinz Hannebaum
CPC分类号： C25B3/02
摘要： A process for the preparation of alkyl-substituted benzaldehydes by electrooxidation of alkylbenzenes using graphite anodes coated with metal oxides or with carbides.
摘要翻译： 通过用金属氧化物或碳化物涂覆的石墨阳极通过电解氧化烷基苯来制备烷基取代的苯甲醛的方法。
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公开(公告)号：US4394231A
公开(公告)日：1983-07-19
申请号：US297311
申请日：1981-08-28
申请人： Edgard Nicolas
发明人： Edgard Nicolas
CPC分类号： C25B11/0442 , C25B11/0415 , Y02E60/366
摘要： The invention relates to a cathode for the electrolytic production of hydrogen.The cathode comprises an active surface consisting of a metal oxide obtained by the thermal decomposition of a thermally decomposable compound of a metal chosen from amongst cobalt, iron, manganese or nickel.The cathode is particularly suitable for the electrolysis of aqueous sodium chloride solutions in cells with a permeable diaphragm.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及用于电解生产氢的阴极。 阴极包括由通过热分解选自钴，铁，锰或镍的金属的可热分解化合物获得的金属氧化物组成的活性表面。 阴极特别适用于电解具有可渗透隔膜的电池中的氯化钠水溶液。
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公开(公告)号：US4385970A
公开(公告)日：1983-05-31
申请号：US196475
申请日：1980-10-14
申请人： Alvin Skopp , George Ciprios , John S. Batzold
发明人： Alvin Skopp , George Ciprios , John S. Batzold
IPC分类号： C22B5/00 , C25B11/06 , C25C1/00 , C25C1/08 , C25C1/12 , C25C1/20 , C25C7/02 , H01M4/86 , C25B11/03 , C25B11/04
CPC分类号： C25C1/00 , C25C7/02 , Y10S204/04
摘要： The present invention encompasses the use of a specific fuel fed electrode in depositing metals from solutions thereof and in the absence of an external applied potential. Basically as shown in FIG. 1, the electrode comprises an electrically conductive porous substrate 3 bearing on one surface thereof a fuel activating catalyst 4. The porosity of the substrate is sufficient that the current density at surface 2 of the substrate 3 opposite the catalyst 4 will assure substantially complete depletion of metal ions very near the surface of the porous substrate, whereby the catalyst surface and the pores remain substantially free of deposited metal.
摘要翻译： 本发明包括使用特定的燃料馈送电极从其溶液中沉积金属并且在不存在外部施加电位的情况下。 基本上如图1所示。 如图1所示，电极包括在其一个表面上具有燃料活化催化剂4的导电多孔基材3.基板的孔隙度足以使基板3的与催化剂4相对的表面2处的电流密度将确保基本上完全消耗 金属离子非常靠近多孔基底的表面，由此催化剂表面和孔保持基本上没有沉积的金属。
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公开(公告)号：US4368110A
公开(公告)日：1983-01-11
申请号：US247430
申请日：1981-03-25
CPC分类号： C25B11/0457 , C01G51/006 , C01P2002/32 , C01P2002/54 , C01P2006/40
摘要： Electroconductive substrates are coated with substituted cobalt oxide spinels conforming substantially to the empirical formulaM.sub.x Z.sub.y Co.sub.3-(x+y) O.sub.4where M and Z each represent at least one metal from the Groups IB, IIA, IIB, where x and y each, independently are values greater than zero but less than 1, and where x plus y is not greater than 1. The composites are prepared by thermally oxidizing metal oxide precursors in-situ on the substrate, including, optionally, modifier metal oxide materials as a separate dispersed phase in the contiguous spinel structure. The composites are useful, e.g., as an anode material in an electrolytic cell.
摘要翻译： 用基本上符合经验式MxZyCo3-（x + y）O4的取代的氧化钴尖晶石涂覆导电基材，其中M和Z各自代表IB，IIA，IIB族中的至少一种金属，其中x和y各自独立地为 值大于零但小于1，其中x加y不大于1.复合材料通过在基底上原位热氧化金属氧化物前体而制备，包括任选的修饰金属氧化物材料作为单独的分散相 在连续的尖晶石结构中。 复合材料可用作例如电解槽中的阳极材料。
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公开(公告)号：US4311569A
公开(公告)日：1982-01-19
申请号：US142589
申请日：1980-04-21
CPC分类号： C25B11/0484 , C25B1/10 , Y02E60/366
摘要： A gas generating apparatus and method is described which utilizes a novel catalytic oxygen evolving electrode for such electrochemical systems as electrolysis cells and oxygen concentration cells. The electrochemical cells include a catalytic cathode and an improved catalytic anode positioned on opposite sides of, and in electrical contact with, a cation exchange membrane. A source of direct current potential between the cathode and the anode and means for removing gas from at least one of the electrodes are provided. The improved catalytic anode is a ternary platinum group reduced metal oxide alone or in combination with platinum group metals and/or platinum group metal oxides or mixtures of the foregoing having at least one valve metal component such as titanium, hafnium, zirconium, niobium, tantalum, and tungsten.
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