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    Smart subsea pipeline with channels
    41.
    发明授权
    Smart subsea pipeline with channels 有权

    公开(公告)号：US10683950B2

    公开(公告)日：2020-06-16

    申请号：US15503910

    申请日：2014-11-25

    Applicant: HALLIBURTON ENERGY SERVICES, INC.

    Inventor： Todd J. Green ,  Alexis Wachtel, II ,  William Markus

    IPC: F16L55/00 ,  F16L9/22 ,  F16L53/37 ,  G02B6/50 ,  F16L1/16 ,  F17D1/05 ,  F17D1/08 ,  F17D5/06 ,  F16L1/12 ,  F16L59/14

    Abstract: Pipeline segments can contain cables, such as communication cables (e.g., fiber optic cables) within insulation material surrounding the pipeline segments. Cables can be embedded within the insulation material, run through conduits embedded within the insulation material, placed in channels formed in the insulation material, or otherwise. Channels containing one or more cables can be filled with supplemental insulation material, thus securing the cables within the channels. Pipelines created as disclosed herein can enable data transfer between distant points without the need to lay fiber optic cable in addition to the pipeline. Further, fiber optic cable embedded thusly can be used to sense conditions in the pipeline, such as leaks, seismic activity, strain, and temperature information.

    Methods of drying pipelines
    44.
    发明授权
    Methods of drying pipelines 失效
    管道干燥方法

    公开(公告)号：US6076278A

    公开(公告)日：2000-06-20

    申请号：US993920

    申请日：1997-12-18

    Applicant: Gary W. Bradley

    Inventor： Gary W. Bradley

    IPC: B08B9/02 ,  B08B17/00 ,  F17D1/05 ,  F26B5/00 ,  F23B3/00 ,  B01D47/00 ,  C09K3/00

    CPC classification number: B08B9/032 ,  B08B17/00 ,  F17D1/05 ,  F26B5/005

    Abstract: The present invention provides improved methods of drying pipelines containing water which are to transport hydrate forming gaseous fluids. The methods basically comprise flowing a liquid which forms an azeotrope mixture with water into contact with water in a pipeline, the amount of the azeotropic liquid being sufficient to form an azeotrope mixture with the water whereby as the mixture is evaporated in the pipeline, the water concentration in the remaining mixture does not reach that concentration which will form hydrates with the hydrate forming gaseous fluid.

    Abstract translation: 本发明提供了一种干燥含水的管道的改进方法，该方法是运输形成气态流体的水合物。 所述方法基本上包括将与水形成共沸混合物的液体流动成与管道中的水接触，共沸液体的量足以与水形成共沸混合物，由此当混合物在管道中蒸发时，水 剩余混合物中的浓度不达到将与形成气态流体的水合物形成水合物的浓度。

    Process for recycling a dispersing additive used for the transportation of a condensate gas or of an oil with associated gas in the presence of hydrates
    45.
    发明授权
    Process for recycling a dispersing additive used for the transportation of a condensate gas or of an oil with associated gas in the presence of hydrates 失效
    用于在水合物存在下用于运输凝析气体或与相关气体的油相分散的添加剂的方法

    公开(公告)号：US5877361A

    公开(公告)日：1999-03-02

    申请号：US659363

    申请日：1996-06-06

    Applicant: Alexandre Rojey ,  Michel Thomas ,  Anne-Sophie Delion ,  Jean-Pierre Durand

    Inventor： Alexandre Rojey ,  Michel Thomas ,  Anne-Sophie Delion ,  Jean-Pierre Durand

    IPC: E21B43/40 ,  F17D1/00 ,  F17D1/05 ,  C07C7/20

    CPC classification number: E21B43/40 ,  F17D1/005 ,  F17D1/05 ,  Y10S585/95

    Abstract: A process for transporting a fluid in a pipe under conditions where hydrates may form. In the process, the pipe fluid contains at least one of a gaseous hydrocarbon or liquid hydrocarbon and water and the water content is less than the liquid hydrocarbon content. The process includes the steps of 1) adding a dispersive additive in a hydrocarbon solution to the fluid to be transported, so as to form an emulsion, 2) transporting the liquid and gaseous hydrocarbons in the presence of water and the hydrates, 3) separating the gas phase, the hydrocarbon liquid in excess and a liquid hydrocarbon phase comprising the hydrates and the dispersing additive, and 4) separating the liquid hydrocarbon phase comprising the hydrates and the dispersing additives. The liquid hydrocarbon phase comprising the hydrates is separated by dissociating the hydrates to form a water-in-oil emulsion, the additives being solved in the oil or liquid hydrocarbon, and breaking the water-in-oil emulsion so as to obtain an aqueous phase and a liquid hydrocarbon comprising the additives. Finally the liquid hydrocarbon phase containing at least part of the dispersing additive from step 4, is recycled to a point in the pipe.

    Abstract translation: 在可能形成水合物的条件下在管道中输送流体的方法。 在该过程中，管流体含有气态烃或液态烃和水中的至少一种，水含量低于液态烃含量。 该方法包括以下步骤：1）将烃溶液中的分散添加剂加入待输送的流体中，以形成乳液; 2）在水和水合物的存在下运输液体和气态烃; 3）分离 气相，过量的烃液体和包含水合物和分散添加剂的液体烃相，以及4）分离包含水合物和分散添加剂的液体烃相。 通过解离水合物形成包含水合物的液相烃相，形成油包水乳液，将添加剂溶解在油或液态烃中，并将油包水乳液破碎，从而得到水相 和包含添加剂的液体烃。 最后，将含有来自步骤4的至少一部分分散添加剂的液体烃相再循环到管道中的一个点。

    Natural gas compression heating process
    46.
    发明授权
    Natural gas compression heating process 失效
    天然气压缩加热过程

    公开(公告)号：US5778917A

    公开(公告)日：1998-07-14

    申请号：US879088

    申请日：1997-06-19

    Applicant: Ward A. Whitmore ,  Michael C. Metz

    Inventor： Ward A. Whitmore ,  Michael C. Metz

    IPC: F17D1/05 ,  F17D1/07 ,  F17D1/16

    CPC classification number: F17D1/07 ,  F17D1/05 ,  Y10T137/0391

    Abstract: A natural gas compression heating process for regulating the operating temperature of the natural gas flowing through long pipelines in continuous permafrost and discontinuous permafrost regions. The heat obtained through compression of the natural gas, instead of actually heating as performed conventionally, is utilized to raise the temperature of the natural gas to only the desired operating temperature. Consequently, the locations of the natural gas compression heating process and compression stations along the pipeline in a permafrost region are determined by the flowing temperature profile of the pipeline instead of the conventional standard compression cost versus pipeline diameter analysis.

    Abstract translation: 一种天然气压缩加热方法，用于调节在连续永久冻土和不连续的多年冻土区域中流过长管道的天然气的工作温度。 利用通过天然气的压缩而获得的热而不是如常规执行的实际加热而获得的热量将天然气的温度升高到仅需要的工作温度。 因此，通过管道的流动温度分布来确定天然气压缩加热过程和沿着管道的多年冻土区域的位置，而不是传统的标准压缩成本对管道直径分析。

    Method for inhibiting hydrate formation
    47.
    发明授权
    Method for inhibiting hydrate formation 失效
    抑制水合物形成的方法

    公开(公告)号：US5491269A

    公开(公告)日：1996-02-13

    申请号：US306331

    申请日：1994-09-15

    Applicant: Karla S. Colle ,  Russell H. Oelfke

    Inventor： Karla S. Colle ,  Russell H. Oelfke

    IPC: C09K8/52 ,  C10L3/10 ,  F17D1/05 ,  F17D1/16 ,  C07C7/20

    CPC classification number: C10L3/10 ,  C09K8/52 ,  F17D1/05 ,  F17D1/16 ,  C09K2208/22 ,  Y10S585/95 ,  Y10T137/0329 ,  Y10T137/0391

    Abstract: A method for inhibiting the formation of clathrate hydrates in a fluid having hydrate forming constituents is disclosed. More specifically, the method can be used in treating a petroleum fluid stream such as natural gas conveyed in a pipe to inhibit the formation of a hydrate restriction in the pipe. The hydrate inhibitors used for practicing the method are substantially water soluble polymers formed from a cyclic imino ether. Some examples of such inhibitors include various N-acyl polyalkyleneimines, such as N-acyl substituted polyethyleneimine, N-acyl substituted polypropyleneimine, N-acyl substituted polybutyleneimine, N-acyl substituted polypentyleneimine and copolymers thereof. Also, such N-acyl substituted polyalkyleneimines can be used in various ratios with other substantially water soluble polymers and copolymers. Preferably, a solvent such as water, brine, alcohol, or mixtures thereof is used to produce an inhibitor solution or mixture to facilitate treatment of the petroleum fluid stream.

    Abstract translation: 公开了一种抑制在具有水合物形成成分的流体中形成笼形水合物的方法。 更具体地说，该方法可用于处理在管道中输送的天然气等石油流体流，以抑制管道中的水合物限制。 用于实施该方法的水合物抑制剂基本上是由环状亚氨基醚形成的水溶性聚合物。 这些抑制剂的一些实例包括各种N-酰基聚亚烷基亚胺，例如N-酰基取代的聚乙烯亚胺，N-酰基取代的聚亚丙基亚胺，N-酰基取代的聚亚苯基亚胺，N-酰基取代的聚亚苯基亚胺及其共聚物。 此外，这种N-酰基取代的聚亚烷基亚胺可以与其它基本上水溶性的聚合物和共聚物以各种比例使用。 优选地，使用溶剂如水，盐水，醇或其混合物以产生抑制剂溶液或混合物以便于处理石油流体物流。

    Chilled gas transmission system and method
    48.
    发明授权
    Chilled gas transmission system and method 失效
    冷气输送系统及方法

    公开(公告)号：US5442934A

    公开(公告)日：1995-08-22

    申请号：US226918

    申请日：1994-04-13

    Applicant: John R. Wolflick

    Inventor： John R. Wolflick

    IPC: F17D1/02 ,  F17D1/05 ,  F25D9/00

    CPC classification number: F17D1/05 ,  F17D1/02

    Abstract: Gas compression and chilling systems, particularly adapted for compressing and chilling gas for transmission through arctic pipelines are provided with a cross heat exchanger for transferring heat from gas compressed to the inlet gas to the compressor. The heat exchanger is disposed upstream of an expander which may comprise a mechanical expander or a throttling valve, or both, to achieve a predetermined final output pressure and temperature. An aerial heat exchanger is interposed between the compression and expansion stages upstream of the inlet gas heat exchanger. One embodiment of the system uses two stages of compression, aerial cooling and expansion to the final temperature and pressure.

    Abstract translation: 特别适用于压缩和冷却通过北极管线传输的气体的气体压缩和冷却系统设置有用于将热量从压缩到入口气体的气体传递到压缩机的交叉热交换器。 热交换器设置在可以包括机械膨胀机或节流阀或两者的膨胀机的上游，以实现预定的最终输出压力和温度。 空气热交换器插入入口气体热交换器上游的压缩级和膨胀级之间。 该系统的一个实施例使用两个阶段的压缩，空中冷却和膨胀到最终的温度和压力。

    Method for controlling clathrate hydrates in fluid systems
    50.
    发明授权
    Method for controlling clathrate hydrates in fluid systems 失效
    控制流体系统中笼形水合物的方法

    公开(公告)号：US5420370A

    公开(公告)日：1995-05-30

    申请号：US979588

    申请日：1992-11-20

    Applicant: Earle D. Sloan, Jr.

    Inventor： Earle D. Sloan, Jr.

    IPC: C09K8/52 ,  C10L3/00 ,  F17D1/05 ,  C07C7/20

    CPC classification number: C09K8/52 ,  C10L3/00 ,  C09K2208/22 ,  Y10S585/95 ,  Y10T137/0329 ,  Y10T137/0391

    Abstract: Discussed is a process for preventing clathrate hydrate masses from impeding the flow of fluid in a fluid system. An additive is contacted with clathrate hydrate masses in the system to prevent those clathrate hydrate masses from impeding fluid flow. The process is particularly useful in the natural gas and petroleum production, transportation and processing industry where gas hydrate formation can cause serious problems. Additives preferably contain one or more five member and/or six member cyclic chemical groupings. Additives include poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) and hydroxyethylcellulose, either in combination or alone.

    Abstract translation: 讨论的是防止笼形水合物块阻碍流体系统中流体流动的过程。 使添加剂与系统中的笼形水合物物质接触，以防止这些笼形水合物块阻碍流体流动。 该过程对天然气和石油生产，运输和加工业特别有用，其中天然气水合物形成可能导致严重问题。 添加剂优选含有一个或多个五元素和/或六元环状化学基团。 添加剂包括组合或单独使用的聚（N-乙烯基-2-吡咯烷酮）和羟乙基纤维素。

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