摘要:
Process for transporting gas hydrates formed from a natural gas or from a condensate gas, consisting in using a dispersing additive, possibly coupled with a film-forming additive, in solution in a liquid hydrocarbon fraction, this liquid hydrocarbon fraction participating in the formation of an emulsion and/or of a suspension with the condensation water produced and the hydrates. The dispersing additive is recycled after the transportation of the hydrates in the pipe.
摘要:
A process for transporting a fluid in a pipe under conditions where hydrates may form. In the process, the pipe fluid contains at least one of a gaseous hydrocarbon or liquid hydrocarbon and water and the water content is less than the liquid hydrocarbon content. The process includes the steps of 1) adding a dispersive additive in a hydrocarbon solution to the fluid to be transported, so as to form an emulsion, 2) transporting the liquid and gaseous hydrocarbons in the presence of water and the hydrates, 3) separating the gas phase, the hydrocarbon liquid in excess and a liquid hydrocarbon phase comprising the hydrates and the dispersing additive, and 4) separating the liquid hydrocarbon phase comprising the hydrates and the dispersing additives. The liquid hydrocarbon phase comprising the hydrates is separated by dissociating the hydrates to form a water-in-oil emulsion, the additives being solved in the oil or liquid hydrocarbon, and breaking the water-in-oil emulsion so as to obtain an aqueous phase and a liquid hydrocarbon comprising the additives. Finally the liquid hydrocarbon phase containing at least part of the dispersing additive from step 4, is recycled to a point in the pipe.
摘要:
A process for the treatment of natural gas that contains an odorant at a storage site is described, with this process including a storage phase and a draw-down phase which involve at least two adsorbers A and B and in which, during the storage phase, the odorant is extracted from the gas and, during the draw-down phase; the water and H.sub.2 S that are contained in the gas are extracted.
摘要翻译:描述了一种用于处理在储存位置含有气味剂的天然气的方法,该方法包括包含至少两个吸附器A和B的储存阶段和拉伸阶段,其中在储存阶段期间, 从气体中提取加臭剂,在拉伸阶段, 提取包含在气体中的水和H 2 S.
摘要:
A device for studying the behavior of a multiphase effluent in circulation includes a test pipe having two ends containing the effluent and a unit for delivering a working fluid alternately into each end of the pipe to effect movement of the effluent. The effluent to be studied which has been placed in the test pipe, is displaced according to an alternating circulation generated by injection of a working fluid into each of the ends of the pipe. A process for studying the behavior of the multiphase fluid in circulation involves placing the effluent in a test pipe, displacing the effluent in the test pipe in an alternating motion by delivering a working fluid alternately into each end of the pipe and measuring behavior of the effluent during the alternating displacement of the effluent.
摘要:
A method of deacidizing a gaseous effluent comprising acid compounds where the gaseous effluent is contacted in C1 with an adsorbent solution so as to obtain a gaseous effluent depleted in acid compounds and an absorbent solution laden with acid compounds, the absorbent solution being selected for its property of forming two separable phases when it has absorbed an amount of acid compounds and when it is heated. The absorbent solution laden with acid compounds is then heated in E1 and E3 so as to separate two fractions: a first absorbent solution fraction depleted in acid compounds and a second absorbent solution fraction enriched in acid compounds. These two fractions are then separated in BS1. The second fraction is regenerated in C2 so as to release part of the acid compounds, and the first absorbent solution fraction and the regenerated absorbent solution are recycled as absorbent solution.
摘要:
Process for the production of liquid hydrocarbons from a feedstock that comprises at least one elementary feedstock from the group of biomass, coal, lignite, petroleum residues, methane, and natural gas, comprising: at least one stage a) for gasification of the feedstock by partial oxidation and/or steam reforming to produce a synthesis gas SG; a stage b) for separating CO2 from SG and a portion of the effluent of the subsequent stage c); the mixing of a portion of the CO2 that is separated with a gas of an H2/CO ratio of more than 3; a stage c) for partial conversion with hydrogen, thermal or thermocatalytic, of the CO2 that is present in said first mixture according to the reaction: CO2+H2→CO+H2O in a specific reaction zone that is separated from said gasification zone or zones; a stage d) for Fisher-Tropsch synthesis on a synthesis gas that comprises at least a portion of SG and at least a portion of the CO that is produced by the conversion of CO2 into hydrogen.
摘要:
The invention relates to a process for the production of a synthesis gas SG 1. Process for the production of a synthesis gas SG that has an H2/CO ratio of between 1.9 and 2.3 starting from a carbon-containing material that is relatively low in hydrogen, water and electrical energy, in which: Electrolysis of the water is carried out to produce, on the one hand, oxygen, and, on the other hand, hydrogen, A CF current that comprises at least the majority of the carbon contained in the carbon-containing material CF is subjected to a partial oxidation POX with essentially pure oxygen produced by electrolysis, At least a portion of the hydrogen that is produced by electrolysis is added to the CF current upstream and/or downstream from the partial oxidation POX, in such an amount that the H2/CO ratio of the final synthesis gas SG is between 1.9 and 2.3, the carbon-containing material being dried upstream from the POX so that the O2/H2 molar ratio of the POX-supplied oxygen to the added hydrogen is between 0.45 and 0.55.
摘要:
The invention concerns a process for producing synthesis gas, SG, from hydrocarbons and/or recycled compounds, in which: a stream comprising a first feed F1 supplemented with steam undergoes steam reforming in a multi-tube reactor-exchanger R with reaction tubes (38) containing a steam reforming catalyst, and with a shell; the reaction tubes are heated by convection by circulating in the shell, in overall counter-current mode, a heating fluid HF external to said tubes, which fluid comprises a first combustion gas stream of a second feed F2, then said fluid HF is mixed in a complementary combustion zone (32, 34) internal to the shell with a third feed F3 and a gas comprising oxygen, to increase the temperature of the HF, then the stream of mixture obtained circulates in R to heat the reaction tubes in a complementary manner; SG is produced from the steam reforming effluent from F1 and optionally part or all of the HF.
摘要:
A method for transporting a fluid, for instance gas under pressure, in a pipe while reducing head loss to a minimum, comprises injecting into the pipe a fraction of a liquid with a predetermined flow rate so that the combination formed by the gas flow and the injected liquid fraction has the form of a ring-shaped control flow over at least the length of the pipe, and on delivery separating the injected liquid fraction from the gas under pressure.
摘要:
A process for treating a gas containing methane, at least one higher hydrocarbon and water to eliminate the water and/or extract the higher hydrocarbon(s) comprises dividing the gas to be treated into at least two fractions each of which undergo at least one cooling step, and bringing an aqueous phase fraction obtained after cooling into contact with the gas to be treated. The treatment process uses units with reduced floor space and weight.