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公开(公告)号：US4406133A
公开(公告)日：1983-09-27
申请号：US352414
申请日：1982-02-25
CPC分类号： F25B13/00 , F25D21/006
摘要： A control and method for defrosting the outdoor heat exchanger of an air source heat pump. A defrost cycle is initiated when ice and frost have accumulated on the outdoor heat exchanger sufficiently such that, as a function of the indoor temperature of a comfort zone, the maximum permissible heat transfer degradation at which the efficiency and reliability of the temperature conditioning system are optimized, has occurred. Heat transfer degradation is determined from the outdoor ambient air temperature and the temperature of either the outdoor heat exchanger, or the compressor suction line. If the temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger or the suction line is less than a predetermined value, a deferred defrost cycle is initiated wherein the defrost cycle starts after a fixed time interval has elapsed.The defrost cycle is terminated when the relative tempratures of the outdoor heat exchanger and the outdoor ambient air indicate that sufficient frost is melted from the heat exchanger to insure adequate time between successive defrost cycles for optimizing the efficiency and reliability of the system, or after a predetermined time interval has elapsed, whichever condition occurs first.
摘要翻译： 一种空气源热泵室外热交换器除霜的控制方法。 当室外热交换器积冰积雪时，开始除霜循环，使得作为舒适区域的室内温度的函数，温度调节系统的效率和可靠性的最大允许传热降低为 已优化，已发生。 热交换劣化由室外环境空气温度和室外热交换器或压缩机吸入管线的温度决定。 如果室外热交换器或吸入管路的温度小于预定值，则在经过固定时间间隔之后开始除霜循环的延迟除霜循环。 当室外热交换器和室外环境空气的相对温度表示足够的霜从热交换器熔化以确保连续除霜循环之间的足够时间以优化系统的效率和可靠性时，或者在 经过了预定的时间间隔，无论哪个条件首先出现。
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公开(公告)号：US4399664A
公开(公告)日：1983-08-23
申请号：US327858
申请日：1981-12-07
申请人： Gregory S. Derosier
发明人： Gregory S. Derosier
摘要： A heat pump refrigeration circuit for heating a space, cooling a space, heating a liquid, heating a space and heating a liquid or for cooling a space and heating a liquid in which indoor and outdoor heat exchangers, a liquid heat exchanger and liquid supply means, compressor, conduit and valve means are provided. The liquid heat exchanger is disposed in the hot vapor line, and liquid is circulated therethrough when liquid heating is required. The liquid heat exchanger may be used as a desuperheater or as a condenser, and the indoor and outdoor heat exchangers may be used as condensers or evaporators, depending upon the path of refrigerant flow, as determined by the valve positions. Bypassed heat exchangers are vented to compressor suction for maintaining refrigerant charge control.
摘要翻译： 一种用于加热空间，冷却空间，加热液体，加热空间并加热液体或冷却空间并加热室内和室外热交换器，液体热交换器和液体供应装置的液体的热泵制冷回路 ，压缩机，导管和阀装置。 液体热交换器设置在热蒸汽管线中，并且当需要液体加热时液体循环通过。 液体热交换器可以用作过热降温器或冷凝器，并且根据阀位置确定的制冷剂流动的路径，室内和室外热交换器可以用作冷凝器或蒸发器。 旁路热交换器被排放到压缩机吸力以保持制冷剂充注控制。
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公开(公告)号：US4299098A
公开(公告)日：1981-11-10
申请号：US167576
申请日：1980-07-10
申请人： Gregory S. Derosier
发明人： Gregory S. Derosier
CPC分类号： F24D11/0214 , F24F11/085 , F25B13/00 , F25B2313/023 , Y02B30/126
摘要： A refrigeration circuit is disclosed which is operable in each of four distinct modes for the heating or cooling of a space, the production of a heated liquid, or the simultaneous cooling of a space and production of heated liquid. The circuit includes compressor means; indoor, outdoor, and liquid heat exchange means; along with vapor conduit means including first valve means and liquid conduit means including second valve means so as to afford selective operation of the circuit in any one of the aforementioned modes. A significant feature of the invention lies in the fact that, during operation in any particular mode, the inactive heat exchange means of the circuit is vented to the suction side of the compressor means so as to afford proper refrigerant charge control within the circuit. Control means are further disclosed which sense the load imposed upon the compressor means and prevent overloading thereof during operation in a water heating mode.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种制冷回路，其可在四种不同模式中的每一种中操作，用于加热或冷却空间，生产加热液体，或同时冷却空间和生产加热液体。 电路包括压缩机装置; 室内，室外和液体热交换装置; 以及包括第一阀装置和包括第二阀装置的液体管道装置的蒸汽管道装置，以便以上述任何一种模式提供电路的选择性操作。 本发明的一个重要特征在于，在任何特定模式的操作期间，电路的无效热交换装置被排放到压缩机装置的吸入侧，以便在电路内提供合适的制冷剂充量控制。 进一步公开了控制装置，其感测施加在压缩机装置上的负载并防止在水加热模式下操作期间的过载。
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公开(公告)号：US4283008A
公开(公告)日：1981-08-11
申请号：US150782
申请日：1980-05-19
申请人： H. Kenneth Ring, Jr.
发明人： H. Kenneth Ring, Jr.
IPC分类号： F24F3/044 , F24F11/76 , G05D23/185 , F24F7/06
CPC分类号： F24F11/053 , F24F3/0442 , G05D23/185
摘要： Pressurized control signal apparatus is disclosed, which being supplied with air from a source of variable pressure, is operative to produce a control signal essentially independent of variations in the supply pressure. In one aspect of the invention, the control signal is amplified in volume of flow; in another, it is generated in response to temperature. The apparatus is specifically adapted to effect regulation of air flow in a variable air volume (VAV) temperature conditioning system in response to temperature in a conditioned zone, wherein the supply air for the apparatus is derived from a temperature conditioned air distribution duct of the VAV system.
摘要翻译： 公开了提供有来自可变压力源的空气的加压控制信号装置，用于产生基本上与供给压力变化无关的控制信号。 在本发明的一个方面，控制信号以流量的形式被放大; 在另一种情况下，它是响应于温度而产生的。 该设备特别适用于响应于调节区域中的温度来实现可变风量（VAV）温度调节系统中的空气流量的调节，其中该设备的供应空气源自VAV的调温空气分配管道 系统。
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公开(公告)号：US4276927A
公开(公告)日：1981-07-07
申请号：US45547
申请日：1979-06-04
申请人： Harry D. Foust
发明人： Harry D. Foust
CPC分类号： F28F9/0268 , F28D9/0081 , F28F19/00 , F28F3/025 , F28F9/0229
摘要： A plate type heat exchanger is disclosed having flow passages extending beyond the area of heat transfer on at least one end. The extending ends of the flow passages serve as sacrificial inlets for flow of one of two fluids through the heat exchanger so that any leak resulting from flow erosion or from corrosion in the extending flow passages does not result in mixing of the two fluids.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种板式热交换器，其具有在至少一端上延伸超过热传递区域的流动通道。 流动通道的延伸端作为用于两种流体之一流过热交换器的牺牲入口，使得由流动侵蚀或延伸流动通道中的腐蚀导致的任何泄漏不会导致两种流体的混合。
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56.发明授权Plate type heat exchanger with bar means for flow control and structural support 失效板式换热器，带有用于流量控制和结构支撑的杆装置
公开(公告)号：US4249595A
公开(公告)日：1981-02-10
申请号：US73465
申请日：1979-09-07
申请人： Alan G. Butt
发明人： Alan G. Butt
CPC分类号： F25J5/002 , F28D9/0068 , F25J2290/32 , F25J2290/42 , F28D2021/0033
摘要： A plate type heat exchanger is shown in which liquid and vaporous phases of a heat exchange fluid are separately distributed uniformly across the width of a heat exchanger and after mixing, flow therethrough in heat exchange relationship with a feed fluid. Crossover means are disposed in the metallic plates separating adjacent passages in which the fluid and vaporous heat exchange fluids flow and are operative to provide fluid communication between the adjacent passages so that the two phases of heat exchange fluid may mix. Slotted metallic bars provide structural support to the metallic plates in the proximity of the crossover means and restrict the flow of one of the liquid and vaporous fluids through the crossover means.In one embodiment of the invention, the rate of flow of one of the heat exchange fluids through the heat exchanger is continuously adjustable over a limited range by metering control means; in another embodiment, it is controlled in discrete steps. The spacing, width, and/or depth of the slots formed in the slotted metallic bars otherwise determine the rate of fluid flow through the crossover means, for a given pressure drop.
摘要翻译： 示出了一种板式热交换器，其中热交换流体的液相和气相在热交换器的宽度上均匀分布分布，并且在混合之后，与进料流体以热交换关系流过其中。 交叉装置设置在分离相邻通道的金属板中，其中流体和气体热交换流体流动，并且可操作以在相邻通道之间提供流体连通，使得两相热交换流体可以混合。 开槽金属杆在交叉装置附近为金属板提供结构支撑，并且限制液体和蒸汽流体之一通过交叉装置的流动。 在本发明的一个实施例中，一个热交换流体通过热交换器的流量可以通过计量控制装置在有限的范围内连续地调节; 在另一个实施例中，其以离散步骤被控制。 形成在开槽的金属棒中的槽的间距，宽度和/或深度否则确定了对于给定压力下降通过交叉装置的流体的流速。
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公开(公告)号：US4232533A
公开(公告)日：1980-11-11
申请号：US53578
申请日：1979-06-29
申请人： James T. Lundblad , Chester D. Ware
发明人： James T. Lundblad , Chester D. Ware
CPC分类号： F25B1/10 , F25B2400/13 , F25B2400/23
摘要： An economizer is disclosed having a plurality of stages for flash cooling refrigerant liquid for use in a refrigeration system. The refrigerant liquid is cooled by evaporation of a portion of the liquid as it passes through throttling means into chambers of successively lower pressure. Sump means are provided to collect the refrigerant liquid flowing between the chambers. As the refrigerant enters each chamber, it is deflected by distribution means, thereby effecting more efficient separation of the flashed refrigerant vapor from the resulting liquid spray.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种节能器，其具有用于制冷系统中的用于闪蒸冷却制冷剂液体的多个级。 当液体的一部分通过节流装置进入连续较低压力的室时，冷却液体被冷却。 提供集水装置以收集在室之间流动的制冷剂液体。 当制冷剂进入每个室时，它被分配装置偏转，从而更好地分离闪蒸的制冷剂蒸气与所得液体喷雾。
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公开(公告)号：US4231515A
公开(公告)日：1980-11-04
申请号：US045527
申请日：1979-06-04
申请人： H. Kenneth Ring, Jr.
发明人： H. Kenneth Ring, Jr.
IPC分类号： F24F3/044 , F24F11/76 , G05D23/185 , G05D23/08
CPC分类号： F24F3/0442 , F24F11/053 , G05D23/185
摘要： Pressurized control signal apparatus is disclosed, which being supplied with air from a source of variable pressure, is operative to produce a control signal essentially independent of variations in the supply pressure. In one aspect of the invention, the control signal is amplified in volume of flow; in another, it is generated in response to temperature. The apparatus is specifically adapted to effect regulation of air flow in a variable air volume (VAV) temperature conditioning system in response to temperature in a conditioned zone, wherein the supply air for the apparatus is derived from a temperature conditioned air distribution duct of the VAV system.
摘要翻译： 公开了提供有来自可变压力源的空气的加压控制信号装置，用于产生基本上与供给压力变化无关的控制信号。 在本发明的一个方面，控制信号以流量的形式被放大; 在另一种情况下，它是响应于温度而产生的。 该设备特别适用于响应于调节区域中的温度来实现可变风量（VAV）温度调节系统中的空气流量的调节，其中该设备的供应空气源自VAV的调温空气分配管道 系统。
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59.发明授权Apparatus for absorbing a vapor in a liquid and absorption refrigeration system incorporating same 失效用于吸收液体中的蒸气的装置和包含其的吸收式制冷系统
公开(公告)号：US4223539A
公开(公告)日：1980-09-23
申请号：US911729
申请日：1978-06-02
申请人： Ralph L. Webb , Louis J. Mougin
发明人： Ralph L. Webb , Louis J. Mougin
摘要： Apparatus and method are disclosed for absorbing a subject vapor in an absorbent liquid wherein an additive is provided which exists in at least a vapor phase concurrently with the subject vapor, which additive is effective to reduce the surface tension of the absorbent liquid upon contact therewith. A heat transfer member is provided having a first surface over which absorbent liquid is passed such that a film is formed thereon, and a second surface over which a heat transfer fluid is passed in order to remove heat from the absorption process. Means are provided associated with the first surface of the heat transfer member for promoting interfacial turbulence between the film of absorbent liquid and the subject vapor such that a series of preferential absorption sites is established along the first surface. In a preferred embodiment, the last-named means comprise a plurality of protuberances extending outwardly from the first surface and spaced from one another so as to define a two dimensional arrangement of protuberances along the first surface. As one example of the application of the invention, a lithium bromide absorption refrigeration system is disclosed wherein the absorber thereof is designed in accordance with the present invention.
摘要翻译： 公开了用于吸收吸收剂液体中的被摄体蒸汽的装置和方法，其中提供了与受试蒸气同时存在于至少蒸气相中的添加剂，该添加剂有效地降低了与其接触时吸收液体的表面张力。 提供了一种传热构件，其具有第一表面，吸收液体通过该第一表面，使得其上形成膜;以及第二表面，传热流体通过该第二表面以从吸收过程中除去热量。 提供与传热构件的第一表面相关联的装置，用于促进吸收液体的膜和主体蒸气之间的界面湍流，使得沿着第一表面建立一系列优先吸收位置。 在优选实施例中，最后命名的装置包括从第一表面向外延伸并且彼此间隔开的多个突起，以便限定沿着第一表面的突起的二维排列。 作为本发明的应用的一个实例，公开了一种溴化锂吸收制冷系统，其中其吸收体根据本发明设计。
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公开(公告)号：US4220011A
公开(公告)日：1980-09-02
申请号：US972309
申请日：1978-12-22
CPC分类号： F25B1/053 , F25B29/003 , F25B49/027
摘要： A refrigeration system is disclosed which includes evaporator means of the type for producing chilled liquid and wherein a compressor of the centrifugal type is provided for compressing refrigerant which has been vaporized in the evaporator means. Both air cooled and liquid cooled condenser means are connected in parallel flow relationship to the compressor, whereby the heat of condensation and compression may be rejected either to a source of ambient air or recovered through heat exchange with a source of liquid, whereby a heated liquid is produced for use as desired. Conduit means which are provided for passing condensed refrigerant from the air cooled and liquid cooled condenser means to the evaporator means include valve means for selectively varying the flow of condensed refrigerant from each, whereby the flow of condensed refrigerant from the air cooled condenser means may be reduced so as to cause at least partial flooding thereof and thereby reduce its capacity, while the flow of condensed refrigerant from said liquid cooled condenser means may be increased so as to increase the production of heated liquid. Control means are also disclosed for operating the aforesaid valve means in response to a sensed demand for heated liquid.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种制冷系统，其包括用于产生冷冻液体的蒸发器装置，并且其中设置有用于压缩在蒸发器装置中蒸发的制冷剂的离心式压缩机。 空气冷却和液体冷却的冷凝器装置都与压缩机并联流动连接，由此冷凝和压缩的热量可能被排斥到环境空气源或通过与液体源的热交换来回收，由此加热的液体 根据需要生产使用。 用于将冷凝的制冷剂从空气冷却和液冷的冷凝器装置传递到蒸发器装置的管道装置包括用于选择性地改变冷凝的制冷剂从其中流出的冷凝的制冷剂的阀装置，由此来自空气冷却的冷凝器装置的冷凝的制冷剂的流动可以是 减少，从而使其至少部分溢流，从而降低其容量，同时可以增加来自所述液冷却冷凝器装置的冷凝制冷剂的流动，从而增加加热液体的产量。 还公开了控制装置，用于响应于感测到对加热液体的需求而操作上述阀装置。
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