Electronic device including optical image sensor having metallization layers and related methods

    公开(公告)号:US10768751B2

    公开(公告)日:2020-09-08

    申请号:US15987543

    申请日:2018-05-23

    Applicant: Apple Inc.

    Abstract: An electronic device may include an optical image sensor that includes optical image sensing circuitry and metallization layers above the optical image sensing circuitry. Each layer may have at least one light transmissive collimation opening therein aligned with the optical image sensing circuitry. The electronic device may also include a light source layer above the optical image sensor and a transparent cover layer above the light source layer defining a finger placement surface configured to receive a finger adjacent thereto.

    Acoustic imaging of user input surfaces

    公开(公告)号:US10325136B1

    公开(公告)日:2019-06-18

    申请号:US15274891

    申请日:2016-09-23

    Applicant: Apple Inc.

    Abstract: An acoustic imaging system includes multiple acoustic transducers disposed to circumscribe a portion of imaging surface. An acoustic imaging system also includes a controller and an image resolver. The acoustic transducers convert electrical signals into mechanical energy and/or mechanical energy into electrical signals. The controller is adapted to apply an electrical signal to the acoustic transducers which, in response, induce a mechanical wave, such as a surface wave, into the circumscribed portion. The controller is also adapted to receive electrical signals from the acoustic transducers. The image resolver uses the electrical signals received by the controller in order to construct an image of an object in physical contact with the imaging surface.

    Eye detection methods and devices
    57.
    发明授权

    公开(公告)号:US12282596B2

    公开(公告)日:2025-04-22

    申请号:US18403599

    申请日:2024-01-03

    Applicant: Apple Inc.

    Abstract: A head-mounted device having a plurality of electrodes configured to detect optical events such as the movement of one or more eyes or coarse eye gestures is disclosed. In some examples, the one or more electrodes can be coupled to dielectric elastomer materials whose shape can be changed to vary contact between a user of the head-mounted device and the one or more electrodes to ensure sufficient contact and electrode signal quality. In some examples, the one or more electrodes can be coupled to pressure sensors and control circuitry to monitor and adjust the applied pressure. In some examples, the optical events can be used as triggers for operating the device, including transitioning between operational power modes. In some examples, the triggers can invoke higher resolution sensing capabilities of the head-mounted device. In some examples, the electrodes can be used as an on-head detector to wake-up and/or unlock the device.

    Displays with optical edge sensors
    58.
    发明授权

    公开(公告)号:US12274149B2

    公开(公告)日:2025-04-08

    申请号:US18181928

    申请日:2023-03-10

    Applicant: Apple Inc.

    Abstract: A display may have an array of light-emitting pixels that display an image in an active area of the display. These light-emitting pixels may be visible light pixels such as red, green, and blue thin-film organic light-emitting diode pixels. The display may also have a border region that runs along a peripheral edge of the active area. The border region may be free of pixels that display image light, whereas the active area may be free of light detectors. A non-optical touch sensor such as a capacitive touch sensor may overlap the active area to gather touch input from the active area. The non-optical touch sensor may not overlap any portion of the border region. In the border region, an optical sensor formed from infrared light-emitting pixels and infrared light-sensing pixels or other optical sensing circuitry may serve as an optical touch sensor.

    Photo-sensing enabled display for touch detection with customized photodiode and light emitting diode component level angular response

    公开(公告)号:US12189902B2

    公开(公告)日:2025-01-07

    申请号:US18411907

    申请日:2024-01-12

    Applicant: Apple Inc.

    Abstract: An electronic device may have a touch sensitive display with optical touch sensors that are insensitive to the presence of moisture. The optical touch sensors may include light sources and light detectors. Light illuminator and detector angular filters (e.g., masks, baffles) can be employed to limit the illumination and receive angles of emitted and detected light to minimize false object detection. In some examples, light illuminator and detector masks and baffles can be formed during the photodiode component fabrication process. Interference filters may be included over the light sources and/or the light detectors to improve discrimination between a user's finger and water, and may have a greater transmission for light at a first incident angle that is greater than the critical angle of the water/cover interface than at a second incident angle that is less than the critical angle.

    Differential acoustic touch and force sensing

    公开(公告)号:US12099683B2

    公开(公告)日:2024-09-24

    申请号:US18325565

    申请日:2023-05-30

    Applicant: Apple Inc.

    Abstract: Acoustic touch and/or force sensing system architectures and methods for acoustic touch and/or force sensing can be used to detect a position of an object touching a surface and an amount of force applied to the surface by the object. The position and/or an applied force can be determined using time-of-flight (TOF) techniques, for example. Acoustic touch sensing can utilize transducers (e.g., piezoelectric) to simultaneously transmit ultrasonic waves along a surface and through a thickness of a deformable material. The location of the object and the applied force can be determined based on the amount of time elapsing between the transmission of the waves and receipt of the reflected waves. In some examples, an acoustic touch sensing system can be insensitive to water contact on the device surface, and thus acoustic touch sensing can be used for touch sensing in devices that may become wet or fully submerged in water.

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