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    ION BEAM EXTRACTION APPARATUS AND METHOD OF USE THEREOF
    52.
    发明申请
    ION BEAM EXTRACTION APPARATUS AND METHOD OF USE THEREOF 审中-公开
    离子束提取装置及其使用方法

    公开(公告)号：US20160339272A1

    公开(公告)日：2016-11-24

    申请号：US15228626

    申请日：2016-08-04

    申请人： W. Davis Lee ,  Mark R. Amato ,  James P. Bennett

    发明人： W. Davis Lee ,  Mark R. Amato ,  James P. Bennett

    IPC分类号： A61N5/10

    CPC分类号： A61N5/1081 ,  A61B6/032 ,  A61B6/4216 ,  A61B6/4258 ,  A61B6/5205 ,  A61N5/1039 ,  A61N5/1067 ,  A61N5/107 ,  A61N5/1077 ,  A61N5/1082 ,  A61N2005/1054 ,  A61N2005/1087 ,  A61N2005/1095 ,  A61N2005/1097 ,  G21K1/08 ,  G21K5/04

    摘要： The invention comprises an apparatus and method of use thereof for extracting ions from an ion source, such as for use in cancer treatment or tomographic imaging. The extraction apparatus uses a triode extraction system, with the ion source and/or first electrode held at a first potential; an extraction electrode held at a second potential; and a gating electrode, positioned between the ion source and the extraction electrode, oscillating and/or alternating between a first suppression potential proximate that of the ion source potential and a second extraction potential between the ion source potential and the extraction electrode potential. Optionally, the ion source comprises an electron cyclotron resonance ion source.

    摘要翻译： 本发明包括其用于从离子源提取离子的装置和方法，例如用于癌症治疗或断层摄影成像。 提取装置使用三极管提取系统，其中离子源和/或第一电极保持在第一电位; 保持在第二电位的提取电极; 位于离子源和提取电极之间的选通电极，在靠近离子源电位的第一抑制电位和离子源电位与提取电极电势之间的第二提取电位之间振荡和/或交替。 任选地，离子源包括电子回旋共振离子源。

    Scintillation array apparatus and method of use thereof
    53.
    发明授权
    Scintillation array apparatus and method of use thereof 有权

    公开(公告)号：US10279198B2

    公开(公告)日：2019-05-07

    申请号：US15868966

    申请日：2018-01-11

    申请人： W. Davis Lee ,  Mark R. Amato ,  Stephen L. Spotts ,  James P. Bennett

    发明人： W. Davis Lee ,  Mark R. Amato ,  Stephen L. Spotts ,  James P. Bennett

    IPC分类号： A61N5/10 ,  G21K5/04 ,  A61B6/03 ,  G21K1/093 ,  A61B6/00 ,  A61B6/04 ,  G01N23/046

    摘要： A scintillation material is longitudinally packaged in a circumferentially surrounding sheath, where the sheath has a lower index of refraction than the scintillation material, to form a scintillation optic or scintillation fiber optic. The scintillation material yields secondary photons upon passage of a charged particle beam, such as a positively charged residual particle beam having transmitted through a sample. The internally generated secondary photons within the sheath are guided to a detector element by the difference in index of refraction. Multiple scintillation optics are assembled to form a two-dimensional scintillation array coupled to a two-dimensional detector array, such as for use in determination of state of the residual charged particle beam, determination of an exit point of the particle beam from the sample, path of the treatment beam, and/or tomographic imaging.

    RARE EARTH OXIDE TO RARE EARTH EXTRACTION APPARATUS AND METHOD OF USE THEREOF
    55.
    发明申请
    RARE EARTH OXIDE TO RARE EARTH EXTRACTION APPARATUS AND METHOD OF USE THEREOF 有权

    公开(公告)号：US20210025027A1

    公开(公告)日：2021-01-28

    申请号：US16523974

    申请日：2019-07-26

    申请人： W. Davis Lee ,  Mark R. Amato

    发明人： W. Davis Lee ,  Mark R. Amato

    IPC分类号： C22B59/00 ,  C22B5/12

    摘要： The invention comprises a method and apparatus for generating a rare earth from a rare earth oxide, comprising the sequential steps of: (1) reducing temperature about the rare earth oxide to less than zero degrees Celsius; (2) reducing pressure to boil off contaminant water in a powder sample of the rare earth oxide at a molecular escape velocity not disturbing the powdered rare earth oxide; and (3) heating the rare earth oxide to greater than 1000° C. in the presence hydrogen gas while optionally: (1) collecting and determining mass of a water product to determine a consumption mass of the starting hydrogen gas in a main reaction process using the equation RE2O3+3H2→2RE+3 H2O, wherein “RE” comprises at a rare earth and (2) injecting replacement hydrogen gas into the main reaction chamber up to the consumption mass.

    RARE EARTH EXTRACTION APPARATUS AND METHOD OF USE THEREOF
    58.
    发明申请
    RARE EARTH EXTRACTION APPARATUS AND METHOD OF USE THEREOF 有权

    公开(公告)号：US20220259699A1

    公开(公告)日：2022-08-18

    申请号：US17736930

    申请日：2022-05-04

    申请人： W. Davis Lee ,  Mark R. Amato

    发明人： W. Davis Lee ,  Mark R. Amato

    IPC分类号： C22B59/00 ,  C22B5/12

    摘要： The invention comprises an apparatus and method of use thereof for generating a rare earth from a rare earth oxide, comprising the steps of: (1) dissociating the rare earth oxide and hydrogen gas in a reaction chamber by inductively heating the reaction chamber to greater than 2000° K to form the associated rare earth and water vapor in a reaction process; (2) driving the reaction process forward by removing the water vapor from the reaction chamber by condensing and freezing the water vapor on a first cold trap surface as water ice, where the reaction comprises: RE2O3+3H2→2RE+3 H2O, where REO is a rare earth oxide and RE comprises a rare earth in the rare earth oxide; and/or (3) monitoring the reaction process by monitoring generation of at least one of the rare earth and the water in a control system designed for continuous/semi-continuous operation.