摘要:
The present invention discloses an optical device comprising a container enclosing an insulating liquid (A) and a liquid responsive to an electric field (B), the insulating liquid (A) and the liquid responsive to an electric field (B) being immiscible and being in contact with each other via an interface (14), at least one of the liquids (A; B) being at least partially placed in a light path through the container. The optical device further comprises an electrode arrangement (2; 12) for controlling the shape of the interface (14) by means of a voltage; and means (100) for preventing the interface from an exposure to an external electric field. Consequently, the build-up of electrostatic charge on a surface of the optical device is avoided, which prevents the unwanted distortion of the interface (14) caused by the interaction of the liquid responsive to an electric field (B) and the electrostatic charge.
摘要:
The invention relates to a method of determining in vitro the amount of nuclear DNA within a human or animal cell using UV absorption measurement with UV light. The invention also relates to a method for detecting in vitro cancerous cells in a biological sample relying on the aforementioned principles. The invention also relates to an in vitro method of diagnosing or predicting the likely occurrence of cancer in a human or animal subject.
摘要:
A switchable optical element has a fluid chamber including immiscible first and second bodies of fluid disposed relative to one another along an optical axis of the element. The second body of fluid is movable in a direction away from the optical axis (A) by electro-wetting action, giving the switchable optical element a changeable transmissivity along the optical axis.
摘要:
Proposed is a variable focus lens package (2) including lens (31, 75) as covers, which covers are provided as moulded replica layers (31, 75) on a substrate (30, 74) and are provided with integral alignment means (33, 77).
摘要:
The invention relates to an optical system comprising a fluid chamber 1 and a birefringent part. The fluid chamber comprises first and second fluids 10, 12 having different indices of refraction, the interface between the fluids forming a meniscus 14. The birefringent part is capable of varying characteristics of a first radiation beam 3b and a second radiation beam 3c, the first and second radiation beams having different polarisations. Variation in the configuration of the meniscus causes variation in the characteristics of the first radiation beam and the second radiation beam. Variation in the configuration of the meniscus may be controlled by electrowetting.
摘要:
A compact and substantially achromatic optical lens system (100, 200) comprising an electrowetting lens (104, 204) is provided. The optical lens system is using an electrowetting lens in which at least one of the entrance window surface (117, 217) or exit window surfaces (219), being in contact with one of the fluids (112, 212, 113, 213), has a curvature. When the sign of the curvature of that surface has the same sign as the curvature of the meniscus when no voltage is applied, a low building height is achieved. The optical element (104, 204) not only acts as a focussing or zooming device, but that it also acts as an aberration reduction element for the other elements in the optical lens system (100, 200).
摘要:
An optical system comprising a diffraction element (2) formed of a substantially rigid first material having a first refractive index. The diffraction element has a first plurality of grooves (4) at a first interface of the diffraction element with a second material (8) having a second refractive index; and a second, different, plurality of grooves (6) at a second, different, interface of the diffraction element with a third material (10) having a third refractive index. The first and second pluralities of grooves (4), (6) are aligned with respect to each other such that a combined diffractive effect is achieved. Moreover, the third material (10) is a liquid. The diffractive element may be manufactured using an injection moulding technique, following which the second and/or third materials may be applied in fluid form. By use of the invention, the two pluralities of grooves may be aligned with respect to each other with a high degree of efficiency and reliability
摘要:
A switchable element is described, which comprises a fluid chamber (111) containing a polar (101) and a non-polar (102) liquid, which are immiscible. The element is further provided with two electrodes (103,104), which are arranged to control the spatial distribution of the liquids, by means of an applied voltage across two the two electrodes. By the addition of surfactant to one or both of the liquids, the actuation voltage of the element is lowered. The element can work for example as an optical device or a motor.
摘要:
An electrowetting module (20) comprises a fluid chamber (8) which contains a first fluid (A) and a second fluid (B), which are separated by an interface (14) , and means (16, 17) to exert a force on at least one of the fluids to change the position and/or shape of the interface. By providing the second fluid body with a dissolved or mixed compound, being insoluble in or immiscible with the first fluid body, and/or the first fluid body comprises a dissolved or mixed compound being insoluble in or immiscible with the second fluid body, in amounts sufficient for lowering the freezing point of the respective fluids to below −20° C., the performance of the module can be improved so that the module can be used at low temperatures.
摘要:
A optical scanning device (1) for scanning an information layer (2) with a radiation beam (25) in a writing mode and a reading mode comprises a radiation source (7) for emitting the beam and an objective lens (10) for converging the beam so as to form a scanning spot (19) in the information layer. The device also includes a scanning spot power switch (20) for switching the size of the cross-section of the beam between a first size at the writing mode and a second, larger size at the reading mode so as to switch the rim intensity of the beam between a first intensity level (Irim,writing) at the writing mode and a second, higher intensity level (Irim,reading) at the reading mode, thereby switching the light power of the scanning spot between a first power level (Pwriting) at the writing mode and a second, lower power level (Preading) at the reading mode.