摘要:
Apparatus and methodology for the rapid and inexpensive characterization of superconducting materials. The method and apparatus induces an alternating magnetic field in the sample to be tested. If the material is a superconductor odd harmonics are generated in the alternating magnetic response of the material near the transition temperature. The superconducting transitions are manifested by a peak or peaks in the odd harmonic components of the alternating magnetic response as a function of temperature. The peaks of the harmonic components are detected to indicate the presence and number of superconducting transitions.
摘要:
In a gyromagnetic analysis apparatus where the sample is spun about an axis to average over azimuthal inhomogeneities, the axial magnetic properties of the sample space are improved by shaping the coil conductor as a function of axial coordinate to exhibit a continuous, axially uniform magnetic susceptibility distribution in the sense of a cyclindrical average.
摘要:
Component coils for providing a desired magnetic field distribution, which coils are subject to interaction via mutual inductance thereof, are connected each to respective current regulated power supplies whereby the interaction is compensated. Circuits are provided to control selected pluralities of interacting coils via persistence switches with minimum number of control leads in order to reduce the thermal communication to the interior of a cryostat housing the magnet and persistence switches.
摘要:
This interface permits the testing of high speed semiconductor devices (room-temperature chips) by a Josephson junction sampling device (cryogenic chip) without intolerable loss of resolution. The interface comprises a quartz pass-through plug which includes a planar transmission line interconnecting a first chip station, where the cryogenic chip is mounted, and a second chip station, where the semiconductor chip to be tested is temporarily mounted. The pass-through plug has a cemented long half-cylindrical portion and short half-cylindrical portion. The long portion carries the planar transmission line, the ends of which form the first and second chip mounting stations. The short portion completes the cylinder with the long portion for part of its length, where a seal can be achieved, but does not extend over the chip mounting stations. Sealing is by epoxy cement. The pass-through plug is sealed in place in a flange mounted to the chamber wall. The first chip station, with the cryogenic chip attached, extends into the liquid helium reservoir. The second chip station is in the room temperature environment required for semiconductor operation. Proper semiconductor operating temperature is achieved by a heater wire and control thermocouple in the vicinity of each other and the second chip mounting station. Thermal isolation is maintained by vacuum and seals. Connections for power and control, for test result signals, for temperature control and heating, and for vacuum complete the test apparatus.
摘要:
A method and apparatus for monitoring the state of the surface of a moving body wherein a four-terminal eddy-current coil circuit is connected in a feedback loop of an RC resonator. The eddy-current coil circuit is placed in proximity to the monitored surface of the moving body and connected in the feedback loop of an RC resonator such that a change in the state of the surface of the moving body results in a change in the conductivity thereof, which conductivity change produces a phase displacement changing the output frequency of the RC resonator. During operation, a first data set is obtained from the coil circuit and RC resonator presenting a first runout profile of the body when the monitored state is in an initial state. The first data set is stored in a memory, and a subsequent profile is derived to obtain a second data set indicative of the operational state of the surface of the moving body. The second data set is also stored in the memory and then the first data set is subtracted from the second data set to obtain an effective or true profile of the surface of the body at the subsequent operational time.
摘要:
A device and method for measurement of ultra fast waveforms with increased accuracy and storage capability. A superconducting loop contains at least one Josephson tunneling device and is located adjacent to the signal line along which travels the waveform to be measured. Magnetic flux from the waveform intercepts the loop in an amount which is dependent upon the amplitude of the waveform at any instance in time. Control means is provided to switch the Josephson tunneling device to its zero voltage state at the time the waveform is to be sampled. This traps the magnetic flux due to the waveform and the flux will remain stored in a loop as long as the Josephson tunneling device remains in its zero voltage state. A test Josephson tunnel device located adjacent to the superconducting loop can be used to detect the amount of flux trapped in the loop. Non-repetitive pulses can be sampled and the device has a possible resolution of 5 picoseconds. The bandwidth of the non-repetitive signal pulses can be 100 gHz.