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61.发明授权公开(公告)号：US07540197B2
公开(公告)日：2009-06-02
申请号：US11987411
申请日：2007-11-29
IPC分类号： G01L7/08
CPC分类号： G01N17/04
摘要： Sensors, methods and systems detect physical effects (e.g., corrosion, erosion, scaling and/or oxidation) of a fluid in contact with a diaphragm associated with a sensor assembly. The diaphragm preferably exhibits a first mechanical response when initially placed into contact with a fluid and a second mechanical response different from the first mechanical response after exposure to the fluid for a predetermined period of time. A change in the diaphragm mechanical responses between at least the first and second mechanical responses is therefore indicative of physical effects on the diaphragm over time caused by the fluid in contact therewith. A mechanical response sensor is operatively associated with the diaphragm so as to measure the change in the diaphragm mechanical responses and thereby determine the physical effects over time of the fluid in contact with the diaphragm. In some embodiments, the diaphragm is actuated due to a pressure condition exerted by the fluid or in other embodiments the diaphragm is internally actuated. Internal actuation includes pneumatic, hydraulic or piezoelectric means for producing a mechanical response of the diaphragm. In one embodiment, therefore, fluid corrosivity may be sensed by bringing a sensor assembly having a pressure-actuated diaphragm into contact with a corrosive fluid, exerting a pressure condition on the diaphragm so as to cause the mechanical response of the diaphragm, measuring the diaphragm deflection or strain, and then deriving fluid corrosivity from the measured diaphragm mechanical response.
摘要翻译： 传感器，方法和系统检测与与传感器组件相关联的隔膜接触的流体的物理效应（例如腐蚀，侵蚀，结垢和/或氧化）。 隔膜优选地在最初放置成与流体接触并且在暴露于流体一段预定时间段之后与第一机械响应不同的第二机械响应展现出第一机械响应。 因此，在至少第一和第二机械响应之间的隔膜机械响应的变化因此表示随着时间的流逝与膜片的接触对隔膜的物理作用。 机械响应传感器与隔膜可操作地相关联，以便测量隔膜机械响应的变化，从而确定与隔膜接触的流体随时间的物理效应。 在一些实施例中，由于由流体施加的压力状态，隔膜被致动，或者在其它实施例中，隔膜在内部被致动。 内部致动包括用于产生隔膜的机械响应的气动，液压或压电装置。 因此，在一个实施例中，可以通过使具有压力致动隔膜的传感器组件与腐蚀性流体接触来感测流体腐蚀性，在隔膜上施加压力状态，以便引起隔膜的机械响应，测量隔膜 偏转或应变，然后从测量的膜片机械响应中导出流体的腐蚀性。
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62.发明授权公开(公告)号：US07538883B2
公开(公告)日：2009-05-26
申请号：US11808260
申请日：2007-06-07
申请人： Mark E. Froggatt
发明人： Mark E. Froggatt
CPC分类号： G01M11/3172 , G01D5/35361 , G01D5/3538 , G01K11/32 , G01L1/242
摘要： A portion of a polarization maintaining (PM) optical fiber having two polarization states is analyzed. First and second spectral responses of the PM fiber portion are determined. In a preferred implementation, the spectral responses are determined using Optical Frequency Domain Reflectometry (OFDR). Each polarization state of the PM fiber portion has a corresponding spectral component in the first spectral response. First and second spectral analyses of the PM fiber portion are performed using the first and second spectral responses. Based on those spectral analyses of the PM fiber portion, a first physical characteristic affecting the PM fiber portion is determined that is distinct from a second different physical characteristic affecting the fiber portion. Example physical characteristics include temperature and strain. An output signal related to the first physical characteristics affecting the fiber portion is provided, e.g., for display, further processing, etc.
摘要翻译： 分析了具有两个极化状态的偏振维持（PM）光纤的一部分。 确定PM纤维部分的第一和第二光谱响应。 在优选实施例中，使用光频域反射计（OFDR）来确定光谱响应。 PM光纤部分的每个偏振状态在第一光谱响应中具有对应的光谱分量。 使用第一和第二光谱响应来执行PM光纤部分的第一和第二光谱分析。 基于PM光纤部分的光谱分析，确定影响PM光纤部分的第一物理特性，其不同于影响光纤部分的第二不同物理特性。 物理特性包括温度和应变。 提供与影响纤维部分的第一物理特性相关的输出信号，例如用于显示，进一步处理等。
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63.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20080213324A1
公开(公告)日：2008-09-04
申请号：US12073230
申请日：2008-03-03
申请人： Zhiguo Zhou , Robert P. Lenk , Darren Macfarland , Kenneth L. Walker , Jing Zhang , Stephen R. Wilson
发明人： Zhiguo Zhou , Robert P. Lenk , Darren Macfarland , Kenneth L. Walker , Jing Zhang , Stephen R. Wilson
CPC分类号： A61K31/661 , A61K8/0208 , A61K8/19 , A61K9/0014 , A61K9/1271 , A61K38/28 , A61Q1/02 , A61Q5/02 , A61Q9/00 , A61Q13/00 , A61Q19/007 , A61K2300/00
摘要： Described herein are synthetically modified fullerene molecules, wherein the fullerene is preferably ellipsoid in shape with an equatorial band and two opposing poles, comprising an adduct at one or both poles, at least one adduct being a hydrophobic chemical moiety capable of anchoring the fullerene on or in a lipid membrane.
摘要翻译： 这里描述的是合成改性的富勒烯分子，其中富勒烯优选为具有赤道带和两个相对极的形状的椭圆体，包括一个或两个极处的加合物，至少一个加合物是能够将富勒烯锚定在其上的疏水化学部分 在脂质膜中。
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公开(公告)号：US20080204275A1
公开(公告)日：2008-08-28
申请号：US12027850
申请日：2008-02-07
IPC分类号： G08C19/00
摘要： A passive sensor that is located on or adjacent to a structure that can be used to monitor the affect of environment on a structure or coating that is used to protect the structure. The sensor includes a parasitic element that interacts with the environment and influences the intensity of the electromagnetic response between the inductive element of the sensor and the antenna of the interrogation reader device. The condition of the parasitic element is determined by the radio frequency interaction of the reader antenna and the inductive element of the sensor. The parasitic element condition correlates to the environmental severity, or corrosivity of the environment and damage to metallic structures or protective coatings. An integrated circuit within the sensor is capable of storing identification, time, material, and measurement information. The sensor and system of the present invention is useful for tracking and monitoring cumulate environmental damage to a structure.
摘要翻译： 被动传感器位于结构上或附近，可用于监测环境对用于保护结构的结构或涂层的环境的影响。 传感器包括与环境相互作用并影响传感器的感应元件和询问读取器设备的天线之间的电磁响应的强度的寄生元件。 寄生元件的条件由读取器天线与传感器的感应元件的射频相互作用决定。 寄生元件条件与环境严重程度或环境的腐蚀性以及金属结构或保护涂层的损坏相关。 传感器内的集成电路能够存储识别，时间，材料和测量信息。 本发明的传感器和系统可用于跟踪和监测对结构的累积的环境损害。
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65.发明申请Method and apparatus for calibrating an ultrasonic sensing system used to detect moving objects 失效用于校准用于检测移动物体的超声波感测系统的方法和装置公开(公告)号：US20080092623A1
公开(公告)日：2008-04-24
申请号：US11651105
申请日：2007-01-09
IPC分类号： G01N29/02
CPC分类号： G01N29/30 , G01N29/02 , G01N2291/02433
摘要： A calibration device is described for use in calibrating an ultrasonic pulse echo apparatus for detecting a moving object in a fluid, where the ultrasonic pulse echo apparatus includes an ultrasonic transducer and calibration circuitry. A connector has a first end for connecting with a first fluid conduit and a second end for connecting with a second fluid conduit. A cavity between the first and second ends permits the fluid containing the moving object from the first conduit to flow through the connector cavity to the second fluid conduit. A first calibration sphere is positioned relative to the connector for reflecting an ultrasonic pulse signal transmitted by the ultrasonic transducer. The reflected ultrasonic pulse signal is useable by the calibration circuitry to calibrate the ultrasonic pulse echo apparatus.
摘要翻译： 描述校准装置用于校准用于检测流体中的运动物体的超声波脉冲回波装置，其中超声波脉冲回波装置包括超声波换能器和校准电路。 连接器具有用于与第一流体导管连接的第一端和用于与第二流体导管连接的第二端。 第一和第二端之间的空腔允许包含来自第一导管的运动物体的流体通过连接器腔流动到第二流体导管。 第一校准球相对于连接器定位以反射由超声换能器传输的超声波脉冲信号。 反射的超声脉冲信号可被校准电路用于校准超声波脉冲回波装置。
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公开(公告)号：US20080050410A1
公开(公告)日：2008-02-28
申请号：US11548406
申请日：2006-10-11
申请人： Martin Rogers , Janice Phillips , Bryan Koene , Marc Hirsch , James Wynne
发明人： Martin Rogers , Janice Phillips , Bryan Koene , Marc Hirsch , James Wynne
CPC分类号： A01N25/34 , A01N25/10 , A01N33/12 , C09D5/14 , A01N25/00 , A01N25/08 , A01N37/44 , A01N63/00 , A01N2300/00 , A01N25/04
摘要： The present invention is directed toward a self-decontaminating surface coating, which when cured has a partially hydrophobic surface. The coating comprises a polymeric coating resin which, when cured, is hydrophilic. The coating also comprises a biocide, a germinating agent, and a hydrophobic micro/nano particulate material. The coating is suitable for application to ceramics, metals, and polymer substrates. Articles coated with the coating of the present invention are resistant to spores.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种自净化表面涂层，其在固化时具有部分疏水性表面。 涂层包括聚合物涂层树脂，其在固化时是亲水的。 涂层还包括杀生物剂，发芽剂和疏水微/纳米颗粒材料。 该涂层适用于陶瓷，金属和聚合物基材。 用本发明的涂层涂覆的制品对孢子具有抗性。
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公开(公告)号：US07330245B2
公开(公告)日：2008-02-12
申请号：US11371229
申请日：2006-03-09
申请人： Mark E. Froggatt
发明人： Mark E. Froggatt
IPC分类号： G01N21/00
CPC分类号： G01K11/32 , G01L1/242 , G01M11/3172 , G01M11/3181
摘要： Light is coupled into two polarization modes of a waveguide, e.g., an optical fiber. The spectral response of Rayleigh backscatter in the waveguide segment for the two polarization modes is measured, e.g., using OFDR, OTDR, OLCR, etc. The autocorrelation of the spectral response is calculated. The spectral (wavelength) shift from a main autocorrelation peak to a side autocorrelation peak, corresponding to one of the two polarization modes of the waveguide segment, is determined. The spectral shift, corresponding to a beat length of the waveguide segment, is multiplied by an average index of refraction to determine a birefringence of the waveguide segment.
摘要翻译： 光耦合到波导的两个偏振模式中，例如光纤。 例如，使用OFDR，OTDR，OLCR等来测量两个偏振模式的波导段中的瑞利反向散射的光谱响应。计算光谱响应的自相关。 确定对应于波导段的两个偏振模式之一的从主自相关峰到侧自相关峰的光谱（波长）移位。 对应于波导段的拍子长度的光谱偏移乘以平均折射率以确定波导段的双折射。
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公开(公告)号：US07319639B2
公开(公告)日：2008-01-15
申请号：US11069665
申请日：2005-02-28
申请人： Joseph S. Heyman
发明人： Joseph S. Heyman
CPC分类号： G01V1/001
摘要： The present invention is directed towards an acoustic concealed item detector and related methods for detection using acoustics. In an illustrative embodiment, a multi-frequency ultrasonic wave generator generates in a gaseous medium at least first and second ultrasonic waves. The multi-frequency ultrasonic wave generator is arranged such that in operation, the first ultrasonic wave and the second ultrasonic wave mix in a prescribed mixing zone to produce a difference-frequency acoustic wave. A receiver sensor detects the difference-frequency acoustic wave and produces corresponding electromagnetic signals. The electromagnetic signals are processed by a system processor and signals indicative of concealed items are identified. Preferably the ultrasonic waves are focused to a small prescribed mixing zone. Parametric and multi-transducer embodiments are disclosed.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及声学隐藏物品检测器和相关的使用声学检测的方法。 在说明性实施例中，多频超声波发生器在气态介质中产生至少第一和第二超声波。 多频超声波发生器被布置成使得在操作中，第一超声波和第二超声波在规定的混合区域中混合以产生差频声波。 接收器传感器检测差频声波并产生相应的电磁信号。 电磁信号由系统处理器处理，并且识别指示隐藏物品的信号。 优选地，超声波被聚焦到小规定的混合区域。 公开了参数和多换能器实施例。
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69.发明授权Composite structures, such as coated wiring assemblies, having integral fiber optic-based condition detectors and systems which employ the same 有权复合结构，例如涂覆布线组件，其具有基于光纤的整体状态检测器和采用其的系统公开(公告)号：US07154081B1
公开(公告)日：2006-12-26
申请号：US10720694
申请日：2003-11-25
CPC分类号： G01M11/086 , D07B1/145 , G01B11/18 , G02B6/022 , G02B6/02204
摘要： Integral fiber optic-based condition sensors detect conditions of a composite structure, e.g., a coated wire assembly so as to detect damage or conditions that may damage the same. Preferably, at least one optical fiber sensor having a plurality of Bragg gratings written into the fiber at spaced-apart locations along its axial length is integrated into the electrical insulator coating of a wire, wire bundle or wiring harness. The fiber optic sensor may thus be employed to measure the environmental loads on the electrical wiring including stresses from bending, axial loading, pinch points, high temperature excursions and chemical damage. The system is capable of detecting and locating transient conditions that might cause damage to a wiring system or permanent changes in state associated with damage events. The residual stress in the electrical insulator coating of a wire, wire bundle, or wiring harness are used to monitor the evolution of damage by wear or chaffing processes. Detected stress relief on one or more Bragg gratings will thus be indicative of damage to the insulator coating on the conductor. As such, the magnitude of such stress relief may be detected and used as an alert that the wire insulation is damaged to an unsafe extent.
摘要翻译： 基于光纤的整体状态传感器检测复合结构的状况，例如涂覆的电线组件，以便检测可能损坏复合结构的损坏或状况。 优选地，具有多个布拉格光栅的至少一个光纤传感器被集成到线，线束或线束的电绝缘体涂层中，所述多个布拉格光栅沿其轴向长度在间隔开的位置处写入光纤。 因此，光纤传感器可用于测量电线路上的环境负载，包括来自弯曲，轴向载荷，夹点，高温偏移和化学损伤的应力。 该系统能够检测和定位可能导致接线系统损坏的瞬态条件或与损坏事件相关的永久性状态变化。 线，线束或线束的电绝缘体涂层中的残余应力用于通过磨损或磨损过程来监测损伤的演变。 因此，一个或多个布拉格光栅上的检测到的应力消除将指示导体上的绝缘体涂层的损坏。 因此，这种应力消除的大小可以被检测并用作提醒电线绝缘被损坏到不安全的程度。
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公开(公告)号：US20060204165A1
公开(公告)日：2006-09-14
申请号：US11371229
申请日：2006-03-09
申请人： Mark Froggatt
发明人： Mark Froggatt
IPC分类号： G02B6/00
CPC分类号： G01K11/32 , G01L1/242 , G01M11/3172 , G01M11/3181
摘要： Light is coupled into two polarization modes of a waveguide, e.g., an optical fiber. The spectral response of Rayleigh backscatter in the waveguide segment for the two polarization modes is measured, e.g., using OFDR, OTDR, OLCR, etc. The autocorrelation of the spectral response is calculated. The spectral (wavelength) shift from a main autocorrelation peak to a side autocorrelation peak, corresponding to one of the two polarization modes of the waveguide segment, is determined. The spectral shift, corresponding to a beat length of the waveguide segment, is multiplied by an average index of refraction to determine a birefringence of the waveguide segment.
摘要翻译： 光耦合到波导的两个偏振模式中，例如光纤。 例如，使用OFDR，OTDR，OLCR等来测量两个偏振模式的波导段中的瑞利反向散射的光谱响应。计算光谱响应的自相关。 确定对应于波导段的两个偏振模式之一的从主自相关峰到侧自相关峰的光谱（波长）移位。 对应于波导段的拍子长度的光谱偏移乘以平均折射率以确定波导段的双折射。
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