摘要:
A variable focus (10) lens comprising a fluid chamber (12) containing a first fluid (14) and a second fluid (16) is disclosed. The fluids are non-miscible and in contact over a meniscus (18) and the second fluid is able to alter its shape on the influence of a magnetic field. The second fluid is preferably a ferrofluid. Means (20, 22) for applying a gradient magnetic field (24) over at least a part of the fluid chamber are provided that are capable of inducing a magnetic flux maximizing movement of the fluids, such that the shape of the meniscus varies in dependence on the magnetic field.
摘要:
An optical scanning device provides a radiation source (2,200), a collimator lens (4,40), an objective (7,90) for converting a beam (5,30′) to a scanning spot at the position of an information layer (101) of a record carrier (1,100). The device also includes an electrowetting cell (6). The electrowetting cell (6) acts such that a beam (5,30′) enters the objective (7,90) at a predetermined height of an entrance pupil of the objective (7,90) independent of the position of the objective (7,90) and that the beam (5,30′) forms a predetermined angle at the entrance pupil of the objective (7,90) with the optical axis (8). In this way the rim intensity may be kept constant over the entrance pupil of the objective (7,90).
摘要:
A system (10, 100, 300, 400) is provided for identifying certain targeted cells or tissues in a body. The system (10, 100, 300, 400) preferably includes at least one ingestible capsule that accommodates or supports (20) at least one of an illuminating module (30, 114, 322, 422, 452), a detecting module (40, 124, 324, 424, 434, 454), an imaging module (50, 326, 432, 456), a control module (60), or a reservoir (70, 132, 312, 412, 442) suitable for retaining and releasing one or more nanoshells. A method (200) is also provided for employing the system (10, 100, 300, 400) to detect, image or otherwise interact with diseased or abnormal cells and/or tissues in a body. The system (10, 100, 300, 400) and method (200) provided allow for improved diagnosing, treating and imaging techniques and for increased sensitivity and specificity in efficiently distinguishing targeted diseased or abnormal cells or tissue from surrounding healthy cells or tissue.
摘要:
An optical scanning device provides a radiation source 2,200), a collimator lens (4,40), an objective (7,90) for converting a beam (5,30′) to a scanning spot at the position of an information layer (101) of a record carrier (1,100). The device also includes an electrowetting cell (6). The electrowetting cell (6) acts such that a beam (5,30′) enters the objective (7,90) at a predetermined height of an entrance pupil of the objective (7,90) independent of the position of the objective (7,90) and that the beam (5,30′) forms a predetermined angle at the entrance pupil of the objective (7,90) with the optical axis (8). In this way the rim intensity may be kept constant over the entrance pupil of the objective (7,90).
摘要:
A variable reflector device, comprising a reflector (6) arranged to direct light from a light source (7) and a casing (5) containing the reflector (6), a portion of said casing (5) being transparent to light directed by the reflector (6). The reflector (6) is formed by a meniscus (2) at an interface between two immiscible fluids (3,4) contained in said casing (5). According to this design, the spatial distribution of light from the light source is changeable by changing the shape of the meniscus between the two fluids. Since a change in shape of the meniscus is effected by a displacement of fluids rather than of mechanical parts, the change in reflector shape can generally be performed faster and with less energy consumption than is the case with previously known designs. Further, a meniscus between two immiscible fluids can, due to the nature of fluids, take on several different shapes, which is not the case when a solid body reflector is utilised.
摘要:
The electrowetting cel (15) that is primarily to be used as a variable focus lens, comprises a liquid chamber (50) containing a first and a second immiscible fluid (51, 52), which are in contact across a meniscus (14) and of which the first fluid (51) is a polar and the second (52) is electrically conductive. The liquid chamber (50) is provided with an inner face (18), at which a fluid contact layer (10) is present, which has an inherent attraction to the first liquid. An electrode is separated from the liquid chamber (50) through this fluid contact layer (10). The fluid chamber (50) is constructed such that it has a small diameter at an operating point (101) at the inner face (18) than at a point of tangency (102), while a tangent (R1) to the operating point (101) encloses a smaller angle with the optical axis (OA) of the cell (15) than a tangent (R2) to the second point (102). This results in the fact that the meniscus (14) that touches the inner wall (18) at the second point (102) is oriented towards the optical axis and that the cell (15) can have a low construction height.
摘要:
An adjustable mirror includes first and second fluids in contact over a meniscus extending transverse an optical axis. The fluids are substantially immiscible and have different indices of refraction. A reflective surface extends transverse the optical axis. A meniscus adjuster is arranged to controllably alter at least one of the shape and the position of the meniscus.
摘要:
An optical information medium (20) for recording, such as DVR-blue, and a method for manufacturing such a medium (20) is provided. Reading from and recording onto the medium (20) is performed by means of a focused radiation beam (10) having a radiation wavelength λ and a numerical aperture NA. Said medium has a substrate (1), and a stack (2) of layers provided thereon. The stack (2) comprises at least a first recording stack (3) and k radiation beam transmissive layers (4, 5). Each transmissive layer (4, 5) has a refractive index ni and an average thickness di μm and 1≦i≦k and k≧2. The thickness dk of layer k (5) is determined by a simple formula which depends on the parameters ni for i=1 . . . k and di for i=1 . . . k−1. Such a medium (20) has zero or substantially zero spherical aberration at the focal point, being at the recording layer of the first recording stack (3), of said radiation beam (10).
摘要翻译:提供了用于记录诸如DVR-blue的光学信息介质(20)和用于制造这种介质(20)的方法。 借助于具有辐射波长λ和数值孔径NA的聚焦辐射束(10)进行从介质(20)的读取和记录。 所述介质具有衬底(1)和设置在其上的层叠体(2)。 堆叠(2)至少包括第一记录堆叠(3)和k个辐射束透射层(4,5)。 每个透射层(4,5)具有折射率n i和平均厚度d i m i,并且1≤i≤k且k> = 2。 层k(5)的厚度d k k由一个简单的公式确定,该简单公式取决于i = 1的参数n i i i i i i i。 。 。 k和d i i i i = 1。 。 。 k-1。 这种介质(20)在位于所述辐射束(10)的第一记录叠层(3)的记录层处的焦点处具有零或基本为零的球面像差。
摘要:
An optical scanning device (1) for scanning an information layer (4) of an optical record carrier (2), the information layer (4) being covered by a transparent layer (3) of thickness td and refractive index nd. The device comprises a radiation source (11) for generating a radiation beam (12, 15, 20) and an objective system (18) for converging the radiation beam on the information layer. The objective system is characterised in comprising a lens comprising a synthetic resin on a substrate, the total thickness t of the lens satisfying the condition: Formula (I), where FWD+td/nd
摘要翻译:一种用于扫描光学记录载体(2)的信息层(4)的光学扫描装置(1),所述信息层(4)由厚度为t 1的透明层(3)覆盖, 和折射率n sub>。 该装置包括用于产生辐射束(12,15,20)的辐射源(11)和用于将辐射束会聚在信息层上的物镜系统(18)。 该目标系统的特征在于包括:在基板上包括合成树脂的透镜,满足以下条件的透镜的总厚度t:公式(I),其中FWD + t d <0.51,FWD是透镜(18)和载体(2)之间的自由工作距离,Phi是透镜(18)的入射光瞳直径,其中t,t < SUB>,Phi和FWD以毫米表示。
摘要:
A compound objective lens includes a first lens element and a second lens element, the first element including a mirror surface for internally redirecting a radiation beam passing through the first element. The objective lens has a numerical aperture greater than 0.65, and the focal length F1 of the first element is related to the focal length F of the objective lens by the relation: F 1 F > 2.5 .