摘要:
An image forming apparatus having a device for moving a charging roller towards and away from a photoreceptor and a cleaning member for the charging roller. The charging roller moving device moves the charging roller to positions including a first position where the charging roller is in contact with the photoreceptor and is separated from the cleaning member for a charging operation, a second position where the charging roller is in contact with the cleaning member for cleaning the surface of the charging roller and a third position where the charging roller is separated from the photoreceptor and the cleaning member. Even if the apparatus is left unoperated for a long time, the photoreceptor is prevented from being contaminated by the charging roller by placing the charging roller in the third position.
摘要:
In an image forming apparatus, a latent image electrostatically formed on a photoconductive element is developed by a two-ingredient type developer consisting of toner and carrier. The photoconductive element has a life coincident with the life of the developer. When the photoconductive element and developer reach the end of their life, they are replaced at the same time.
摘要:
A camera shake correcting apparatus includes a variable angular prism assembly, a microcomputer to produce signals for driving the variable angular prism assembly, prism actuators, vertical angle sensors, angular velocity sensors for detecting an angular velocity caused by the camera shaking, and damping coils. The variable angular prism assembly is driven by a signal obtained by subtracting detected results of the vertical angle sensors from detected results of the angular velocity sensors. A damping coil is used to produce rotational angular velocity signals so that a nonlinearity of the prism can be alleviated. The phase margin of the servo characteristic of the prism drive system is increased, so that the camera shake correcting apparatus can be generally independent of variations in values and dimensions that occur in mass-production manufacturing operations and free of dependency on temperature characteristics.
摘要:
An automatic gain control circuit having a variable gain amplifier circuit, a signal level detecting circuit connected to the variable gain amplifier circuit for generating a detect signal the level of which changes in response to a signal level of an output signal of the variable gain amplifier circuit, and a gain control circuit for controlling the gain of the variable gain amplifier circuit in accordance with the signal level of the detect signal, and the gain control circuit having a differential amplifier circuit having first and second input terminals, the first and second input terminals being connected to the signal level detecting circuit for receiving the detect signal, a first reference voltage source connected to the first input terminal of the differential amplifier so that a first predetermined voltage is provided instead of the signal level of the detect signal in response to the signal level of the detect signal and a second reference voltage source connected to the second input terminal of the differential amplifier for providing a second predetermined voltage.
摘要:
An apparatus for transmitting liquid and gas in an endoscope comprising conduits for transmitting liquid and gas to an observation optical system to clean the observation optical system; and an automatic change-over device for sequentially operating both modes of the liquid and gas transmissions by turning on and off only a liquid transmitting switch disposed in an operating portion. The automatic change-over device comprises a first electromagnetic valve disposed in the liquid transmitting conduit, a second electromagnetic valve disposed in the gas transmitting conduit, a circuit for connecting the first and second electromagnetic valves to the liquid transmitting switch of the operating portion, and a control section for controlling the operations of the electromagnetic valves. When the liquid transmitting switch is turned on, the first electromagnetic valve is opened to transmit the liquid to the liquid transmitting conduit, and when the liquid transmitting switch is turned off, the first electromagnetic valve is automatically closed and the second electromagnetic valve is automatically opened to transmit the gas to the gas transmitting conduit for a constant or predetermined time.
摘要:
A nuclear fusion apparatus comprises a central support stay device having a central support stay portion and a plurality of radial portions radially extending from the central support stay portion and circumferentially spaced from each other at predetermined angles, a plurality of poloidal coils disposed in the circumferential direction of the central support stay device and supported by the radial portions, and a plurality of toroidal coils radially disposed around the central support stay device and adjacent the radial outer ends of the radial portions.
摘要:
A waterproof endoscope includes a insertion tube adapted to be inserted into a hollow organ. A hollow housing is connected to the insertion tube in an air-tight manner and disposed in communication therewith, the housing having an aperture formed therethrough. Mounted on the housing is a valve which includes a valve element for normally closing the aperture in the housing, and a spring made of a marmen alloy which is returned to a preselected shape at a predetermined temperature so as to urge the valve element away from the aperture, thereby opening the valve.
摘要:
A bonding method of bonding two base members together through a bonding film having a fine pattern at low cost, and a bonded body with the bonding film which is formed using the bonding method are provided. The bonding method is a method for forming a bonded body in which a first base member and a second base member are bonded together through a bonding film having a predetermined pattern. The bonding method includes: applying a liquid material containing a silicone material composed of silicone compounds onto a surface of at least one of the first and second base members using a liquid droplet ejecting method, to form a liquid coating having a pattern corresponding to the predetermined pattern on the surface; drying the liquid coating so that it is transformed into the bonding film having the predetermined pattern on the surface of the at least one of the first and second base members; and applying energy to the bonding film so that a bonding property is developed in the vicinity of a surface thereof, to thereby bond the first and second base members together through the bonding film.
摘要:
A wireless terminal capable of securing the number of station units capable of simultaneous communication with one unit of access point, reducing power consumption, and ensuring stable communication quality. In the wireless terminal (100), an interference determining section (109) determines whether or not an interference wave is at a predetermined level or more on the basis of the RSSI and SNR of the received signals which are calculated by an RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indicator) calculating section (104) and SNR (Signal to Noise Ratio) calculating section (105) and the presence/absence of a demodulation error notified from a demodulation section (108). A number-of-retransmission upper limit setting section (113) sets the upper limit of the number of retransmission smaller than when the interference wave is at the predetermined level or lower if the interference wave is at the predetermined level or more. A WLAN transmitting circuit (115) repeats the transmission of a transmitting signal by the upper limit number of retransmission till the transmission of the transmitting signal is successful.
摘要:
A communication device includes a controller configured to determine whether a plurality of communication lines coupled to the communication device are available, assign logical communication line numbers to communication lines selected from the communication lines included in the transmission path, which are determined to be available in accordance with results of the determination in ascending order or descending order of the communication line numbers, and perform a process of establishing a link of the transmission path in accordance with the assigned logical communication line numbers.