摘要:
An image forming apparatus including a latent image bearing member; a developing device configured to develop a latent image on the image bearing member with a two-component developer; a development potential forming device configured to form a development potential; a toner replenishing device configured to supply the toner to the developing device; a toner concentration detecting device configured to detect and output the concentration of the toner in the developer; a toner concentration controlling device configured to compare the toner concentration output with a toner concentration target to control the toner concentration; an information detecting device configured to obtain information to determine the replacement amount of the toner in the developing device in a predetermined period of time; and a development potential correcting device configured to adjust the development potential on the basis of the information obtained by the information detecting device.
摘要:
A process cartridge for use in an image forming apparatus includes an image bearing member and a developing unit. The developing unit includes a developer bearing member to bear developer including toner and carrier, a casing forming a developer container containing the developer, a screw having a shaft with a spiral screw blade, a toner density sensor to detect a density of the toner on a detection surface, and a detection surface agitating member fixedly mounted on the shaft of the screw at a position facing a detection surface to scrape away the developer accumulated on the detection surface as the screw rotates. The detection surface agitating member includes an elastic sheet elastically deformable to scrape away the developer accumulated on the detection surface and disposed at a substantially same angle to an axial direction of the shaft of the screw as the spiral screw blade.
摘要:
A process cartridge for use in an image forming apparatus includes an image bearing member and a developing unit. The developing unit includes a developer bearing member to bear developer including toner and carrier, a casing forming a developer container containing the developer, a screw having a shaft with a spiral screw blade, a toner density sensor to detect a density of the toner on a detection surface, and a detection surface agitating member fixedly mounted on the shaft of the screw at a position facing a detection surface to scrape away the developer accumulated on the detection surface as the screw rotates. The detection surface agitating member includes an elastic sheet elastically deformable to scrape away the developer accumulated on the detection surface and disposed at a substantially same angle to an axial direction of the shaft of the screw as the spiral screw blade.
摘要:
In an image forming method using an electrophotographic process, an amount of toner to be supplemented for maintaining a desired image density is estimated in response to input data which are a ratio of reflection densities produced by an optical sensor responsive to a pattern for control and an estimated toner consumption signal. Toner supplement control is executed on the basis of the result of estimation. The method sharply responds to a change in environment due to aging and a change in the kind of documents to thereby insure stable image density, compared to a conventional method relaying on an optical sensor or a toner sensor.
摘要:
A toner density control method senses the concentration of a toner image for control formed on a photoconductive element by an optical sensor and, based on the output of the sensor, corrects a target target toner concentration for toner supplement control to be effected in response to an output of a toner concentration sensor mounted on a developing device. When the output Vs of the optical sensor is determined to be greater than a reference value Vs.sub.0 (short toner deposition), the reference value Vt.sub.0 is corrected to smaller one. When Vs determined to be smaller than Vs.sub.0 (excessive toner deposition), Vt.sub.0 is corrected to greater one. In each of such cases, a predetermined amount n.multidot..DELTA.VT is subtracted from or added to the output Vt of the toner concentration sensor of that instant.
摘要:
An image forming apparatus includes an operation management part managing the operation of the image forming apparatus. A first operation information storing part accumulates in chronological order operation information relating to the operation managed by the operation management part. An external output part refers to cumulative results accumulated in the first operation information storing part and outputs, to the outside, the operation information according to the cumulative results.
摘要:
Provided is a toner including a crystalline polyester resin including a constitutional unit derived from saturated aliphatic dicarboxylic acid and a constitutional unit derived from saturated aliphatic diol, an amorphous hybrid resin, an amorphous polyester resin, a release agent, and a colorant, wherein the crystalline polyester resin includes a constitutional unit derived from sebacic acid as the constitutional unit derived from the saturated aliphatic dicarboxylic acid, and the amorphous hybrid resin is a composite resin including a polyester-based resin unit and a styrene-based resin unit.
摘要:
A toner includes a polyester resin including a polyester resin component A (A) insoluble in tetrahydrofuran; and a polyester resin component B (B) soluble in tetrahydrofuran. The toner has a first glass transition temperature (Tg1st) of from 20° C. to 50° C., measured at a first temperature rising in differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and satisfies the following formulae (1) and (2): T=1/{a/(TgA+273)+b/(TgB+273)}−273 (1) T−TgAB>30×a (2) wherein a and b represent weight ratios of (A) and (B) to a total weight of (A) and (B), and satisfy the equation a+b=1; and TgA, TgB and TgAB represent second glass transition temperatures (Tg2nd), measured at a second temperature rising in differential scanning calorimetry, of (A), (B), and a mixture of (A) and (B), respectively.
摘要:
A jaw repositioning appliance has a maxillary plate fit to a maxilla, a mandibular plate fit to a mandible, and at least one connecting wire constituted with a wire rod, which has the Young's modulus of 100 GPa or lower, which has tensile strength value of 0.01 or higher with respect to the Young's modulus, and which can deform elastically. The connecting wire has at least one curved portion. One end (34, 44) of the connecting wire is attached to the maxillary plate and the other end of the connecting wire is attached to the mandibular plate.
摘要:
The inkjet ink includes at least a carbon black, a surfactant, a polyether-modified silicone oil having a polyoxyalkylene group in a side chain thereof, an anionic self-emulsifying polyether-modified polyurethane resin having a polyoxyalkylene group in a main chain thereof, and water. The inkjet ink contains particles having a particle diameter of not less than 0.5 μm in an amount of from 500,000 to 2,000,000 pieces per 5.0 μl, and has a volume average particle diameter (D50) of from 80 nm to 120 nm and a 90% cumulative particle diameter (D90) of from 160 nm to 200 nm.