Video decoder apparatus using non-reference frame as an additional
prediction source and method therefor
    61.
    发明授权
    Video decoder apparatus using non-reference frame as an additional prediction source and method therefor 失效
    使用非参考帧作为附加预测源的视频解码装置及其方法

    公开(公告)号:US5724446A

    公开(公告)日:1998-03-03

    申请号:US424037

    申请日:1995-04-18

    CPC分类号: H04N19/577

    摘要: An video decoder system, such as for use with MPEG video compression, uses a previous B-frame as an additional prediction source for the current B-frame, along with the past and future reference frames as defined by the MPEG specification. In one embodiment a given macroblock within a current B-frame "N" reuses pixel values from the previous B-frame "N-1" if they are "similar enough" to the anticipated pixels which would otherwise need to be computed. For a given macroblock, motion vectors for both B-frames are compared: if they differ by less than a similarity threshold value, then the pixel values from the previous B-frame are reused without further computation. The similarity threshold may be adaptively adjusted to reduce the computational burden of video decompression, while affording a gradual degradation of picture quality, rather than wholesale skipping of entire frames.

    摘要翻译: 视频解码器系统,例如用于MPEG视频压缩的视频解码器系统,使用先前的B帧作为当前B帧的附加预测源,以及由MPEG规范定义的过去和将来的参考帧。 在一个实施例中,当前B帧“N”中的给定宏块如果与预期像素“足够相似”则重新使用来自先前B帧“N-1”的像素值,否则将需要计算。 对于给定的宏块,比较两个B帧的运动矢量:如果它们相差小于相似度阈值,则来自先前B帧的像素值被重新使用,而不需要进一步的计算。 可以自适应地调整相似性阈值,以减少视频解压缩的计算负担,同时提供图像质量的逐渐劣化,而不是批量跳过整个帧。

    Method and apparatus for improved video decompression by adaptive
selection of video input buffer parameters
    62.
    发明授权
    Method and apparatus for improved video decompression by adaptive selection of video input buffer parameters 失效
    用于通过视频输入缓冲器参数的自适应选择来改进视频解压缩的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号:US5680482A

    公开(公告)日:1997-10-21

    申请号:US443206

    申请日:1995-05-17

    摘要: A video decompression system utilizes multiple independent input buffers so that input/output operations and processing take place concurrently, nearly continuously and at a rate that is substantially equal to a selected maximum access rate of the storage device. Consequently, the data rate of the video decompression system is optimized with respect to the rate of data accessing. The video decompression system adaptively sets input buffer parameters as a function, for example, of processor capabilities, bitstream characteristics, drive latency and access time, and file I/O overhead.

    摘要翻译: 视频解压缩系统利用多个独立的输入缓冲器,使得输入/输出操作和处理同时,几乎连续地并且以基本上等于存储设备的所选最大访问速率的速率进行。 因此,视频解压缩系统的数据速率相对于数据访问速率被优化。 视频解压缩系统自适应地将输入缓冲器参数设置为例如处理器能力,比特流特性,驱动器延迟和访问时间以及文件I / O开销的功能。

    Using an IOMMU to create memory archetypes
    66.
    发明授权
    Using an IOMMU to create memory archetypes 有权
    使用IOMMU创建内存原型

    公开(公告)号:US07917726B2

    公开(公告)日:2011-03-29

    申请号:US12685179

    申请日:2010-01-11

    IPC分类号: G06F12/10

    摘要: In one embodiment, an input/output (I/O) memory management unit (IOMMU) comprises at least one memory and control logic coupled to the memory. The memory is configured to store translation data corresponding to one or more I/O translation tables stored in a memory system of a computer system that includes the IOMMU. The control logic is configured to translate an I/O device-generated memory request using the translation data. The translation data includes a type field indicating one or more attributes of the translation, and the control logic is configured to control the translation responsive to the type field.

    摘要翻译: 在一个实施例中,输入/输出(I / O)存储器管理单元(IOMMU)包括耦合到存储器的至少一个存储器和控制逻辑。 存储器被配置为存储对应于存储在包括IOMMU的计算机系统的存储器系统中的一个或多个I / O转换表的转换数据。 控制逻辑被配置为使用转换数据来转换I / O设备生成的存储器请求。 翻译数据包括指示翻译的一个或多个属性的类型字段,并且控制逻辑被配置为响应于类型字段来控制翻译。

    Direct memory access (DMA) address translation in an input/output memory management unit (IOMMU)
    67.
    发明授权
    Direct memory access (DMA) address translation in an input/output memory management unit (IOMMU) 有权
    输入/输出存储器管理单元(IOMMU)中的直接存储器访问(DMA)地址转换

    公开(公告)号:US07809923B2

    公开(公告)日:2010-10-05

    申请号:US12635385

    申请日:2009-12-10

    IPC分类号: G06F12/10

    CPC分类号: G06F12/1081

    摘要: In an embodiment, an input/output (I/O) memory management unit (IOMMU) comprises at least one memory configured to store translation data; and control logic coupled to the memory and configured to translate an I/O device-generated memory request using the translation data. The translation data corresponds to one or more device table entries in a device table stored in a memory system of a computer system that includes the IOMMU, wherein the device table entry for a given request is selected by an identifier corresponding to the I/O device that generates the request. The translation data further corresponds to one or more I/O page tables, wherein the selected device table entry for the given request includes a pointer to a set of I/O page tables to be used to translate the given request.

    摘要翻译: 在一个实施例中,输入/输出(I / O)存储器管理单元(IOMMU)包括被配置为存储转换数据的至少一个存储器; 以及控制逻辑,其耦合到所述存储器并且被配置为使用所述翻译数据来转换I / O设备生成的存储器请求。 翻译数据对应于存储在包括IOMMU的计算机系统的存储器系统中的设备表中的一个或多个设备表条目,其中给定请求的设备表条目由对应于I / O设备的标识符选择 生成请求。 翻译数据还对应于一个或多个I / O页表,其中用于给定请求的所选择的设备表条目包括指向要用于转换给定请求的一组I / O页表的指针。

    Virtualizing an IOMMU
    68.
    发明申请
    Virtualizing an IOMMU 有权
    虚拟化IOMMU

    公开(公告)号:US20100011147A1

    公开(公告)日:2010-01-14

    申请号:US12562262

    申请日:2009-09-18

    IPC分类号: G06F12/08 G06F9/455

    摘要: In one embodiment, a system comprises one or more input/output (I/O) devices; an I/O memory management unit (IOMMU) coupled to receive memory requests sourced by the I/O devices and configured to provide address translation for the memory requests; and a virtual machine monitor (VMM) configured to manage one or more virtual machines on the system, wherein the VMM is configured to virtualize the IOMMU, providing one or more virtual IOMMUs for use by one or more virtual machines.

    摘要翻译: 在一个实施例中,系统包括一个或多个输入/输出(I / O)设备; I / O存储器管理单元(IOMMU),其耦合以接收由所述I / O设备提供的存储器请求,并被配置为提供所述存储器请求的地址转换; 以及被配置为管理所述系统上的一个或多个虚拟机的虚拟机监视器(VMM),其中所述VMM被配置为虚拟化所述IOMMU,提供一个或多个虚拟IOMMU供一个或多个虚拟机使用。

    Method and apparatus for securing portions of memory

    公开(公告)号:US07631160B2

    公开(公告)日:2009-12-08

    申请号:US09825905

    申请日:2001-04-04

    CPC分类号: G06F21/79 G06F12/1483

    摘要: The present invention provides a method and apparatus for securing portions of a memory. The method includes identifying information for protection and indicating at least one physical address of a memory that houses the information as at least one of read and write disabled. The method includes receiving a request from a program to access the information. The method further includes accessing the information in response to determining that the program has the authority to access the information. The apparatus includes a memory comprising a privileged code. The privileged code is capable of receiving a request to protect selected information and indicating at least one physical address of a memory housing the information as at least one of read and write disabled. The privileged code is capable of receiving a request from a program to access the information. The privileged code is further capable of accessing the information in response to determining that the program has the authority to access the information.

    COMPUTER SYSTEM INCLUDING A MAIN PROCESSOR AND A BOUND SECURITY COPROCESSOR
    70.
    发明申请
    COMPUTER SYSTEM INCLUDING A MAIN PROCESSOR AND A BOUND SECURITY COPROCESSOR 审中-公开
    包括一个主处理器和一个重要的安全性共同计算机的计算机系统

    公开(公告)号:US20090193230A1

    公开(公告)日:2009-07-30

    申请号:US12022446

    申请日:2008-01-30

    IPC分类号: G06F15/80

    摘要: A computer system includes a main processor and a security control processor that is coupled to the main processor and configured to control and monitor an operational state of the main processor. To ensure the computer system may be trusted, the security control processor may be configured to hold the main processor in a slave mode during initialization of the security control processor such that the main processor is not operable to fetch and execute instructions from an instruction source external to the main processor, for example. In addition, the security control processor may be configured to initialize the operational state of the main processor to a predetermined state by transferring to the main processor via a control interface one or more instructions and to cause the main processor to execute the one or more instructions while the main processor is held in the slave mode.

    摘要翻译: 计算机系统包括主处理器和安全控制处理器,其连接到主处理器并且被配置为控制和监视主处理器的操作状态。 为了确保计算机系统可以被信任,安全控制处理器可以被配置为在安全控制处理器的初始化期间将主处理器保持在从模式,使得主处理器不可操作地从指令源外部获取和执行指令 以主处理器为例。 此外,安全控制处理器可以被配置为通过经由控制接口将一个或多个指令传送到主处理器来将主处理器的操作状态初始化到预定状态,并且使主处理器执行一个或多个指令 而主处理器则保持在从模式。