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公开(公告)号：US07565202B2
公开(公告)日：2009-07-21
申请号：US10355793
申请日：2003-01-31
IPC分类号： A61N1/18
CPC分类号： A61N1/0543 , A61N1/36036 , A61N1/36046
摘要： The present invention is a system for mapping a high resolution image to a lower resolution electrode array and, by applying varying stimulus to neighboring electrodes, creating a perceived image greater in resolution than the electrode array. The invention is applicable to a wide range of neural stimulation devices including artificial vision and artificial hearing. By applying a sub-threshold stimulus to two neighboring electrodes where the sum of the stimuli is above the threshold of perception, a perception is created in neural tissue between the two electrodes. By adjusting the stimulus on neighboring electrodes, the location of stimulation can be altered. Further, noise can be applied to the stimulating electrode or its neighboring electrodes to reduce the threshold of stimulation.
摘要翻译： 本发明是一种用于将高分辨率图像映射到较低分辨率电极阵列的系统，并且通过对相邻电极施加变化的刺激，产生比电极阵列更大的分辨率的感知图像。 本发明适用于包括人造视觉和人造听觉在内的各种神经刺激装置。 通过对刺激总和高于感知阈值的两个相邻电极施加亚阈值刺激，在两个电极之间的神经组织中产生感知。 通过调整相邻电极的刺激，可以改变刺激的位置。 此外，可以将刺激电极或其相邻电极施加噪声以降低刺激阈值。
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62.发明授权Methods for loss of capture and fusion avoidance in biventricular pacing therapy 有权双心室起搏治疗中捕获和融合避免的方法公开(公告)号：US07546161B1
公开(公告)日：2009-06-09
申请号：US11330316
申请日：2006-01-11
IPC分类号： A61N1/368
CPC分类号： A61N1/3712 , A61B5/0452 , A61N1/3684
摘要： An exemplary method includes delivering biventricular pacing therapy using one or more timing parameters, detecting loss of capture, deciding if fusion exists without adjusting the one or more timing parameters and, based on the deciding, calling for fusion avoidance or calling for a capture threshold search. Various other exemplary methods, devices, systems, etc., are also disclosed.
摘要翻译： 一种示例性方法包括使用一个或多个定时参数提供双心室起搏治疗，检测捕获的丢失，确定融合是否存在而不调整一个或多个定时参数，以及基于决定呼叫融合避免或调用捕获阈值搜索 。 还公开了各种其它示例性方法，装置，系统等。
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63.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20080259039A1
公开(公告)日：2008-10-23
申请号：US11553431
申请日：2006-10-26
CPC分类号： G06F3/04886 , G06F3/0238
摘要： A portable electronic device may display one of a plurality of soft keyboards in a first display area and input characters in a second display area. The user may select a key on the soft keyboard, causing a plurality of objects corresponding to the plurality of soft keyboards to be displayed. The user may then select one of the objects, and the soft keyboard corresponding to the selected object is displayed and made operational. The soft keyboards corresponding to the objects not selected are not made operational.
摘要翻译： 便携式电子设备可以在第一显示区域中显示多个软键盘中的一个，并在第二显示区域中输入字符。 用户可以选择软键盘上的键，从而显示与多个软键盘对应的多个对象。 然后，用户可以选择对象中的一个，并且显示对应于所选择的对象的软键盘并使其可操作。 与未选择的对象相对应的软键盘不可操作。
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公开(公告)号：US20060271123A1
公开(公告)日：2006-11-30
申请号：US11498414
申请日：2006-08-02
IPC分类号： A61N1/00
CPC分类号： A61N1/36046 , A61N1/0543
摘要： The invention is a method of automatically adjusting an electrode array to the neural characteristics of an individual patient. By recording neural response to a predetermined input stimulus, one can alter that input stimulus to the needs of an individual patient. A minimum input stimulus is applied to a patient, followed by recording neural response in the vicinity of the input stimulus. By alternating stimulation and recording at gradually increasing levels, one can determine the minimum input that creates a neural response, thereby identifying the threshold stimulation level. One can further determine a maximum level by increasing stimulus until a predetermined maximum neural response is obtained.
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65.发明申请Video processing methods for improving visual acuity and/or perceived resolution 有权用于改善视力和/或感知分辨率的视频处理方法公开(公告)号：US20050273141A1
公开(公告)日：2005-12-08
申请号：US11115620
申请日：2005-04-27
申请人： Robert Greenberg , Richard Williamson , Joseph Schulman , Reza Rassool , Lee Mandell , Abraham Seidman
发明人： Robert Greenberg , Richard Williamson , Joseph Schulman , Reza Rassool , Lee Mandell , Abraham Seidman
CPC分类号： A61N1/36046 , G06T3/40
摘要： A method and apparatus for improving visual acuity when providing a visual image from a “high” resolution input device to a “low” resolution output device. The described invention is of particular use when the output device is an array of electrodes as part of a retinal prosthesis used to restore vision to a visually-impaired patient. In that various limitations may, within the foreseeable future, limit the density of such an electrode array (and thus the resolution of the output image), the present invention teaches techniques to assign processed pixel subsets of a higher resolution image to a single electrode. By varying the pixel subsets, e.g., by jittering, and/or altering the processing criteria, the perceived visual acuity may be further improved. Alternatively and additionally, such processing may be further extended to drive neighboring electrodes in combination to thus stimulate virtual electrode sites and thus further enhance visual acuity.
摘要翻译： 当从“高”分辨率输入装置向“低”分辨率输出装置提供视觉图像时，用于提高视力的方法和装置。 当输出设备是用作将视力恢复到视觉障碍患者的视网膜假体的一部分的电极阵列时，所描述的本发明是特别有用的。 因此，在可预见的将来可能会限制这种电极阵列的密度（因此输出图像的分辨率）的各种限制，本发明教导了将更高分辨率图像的经处理的像素子集分配给单个电极的技术。 通过例如通过抖动和/或改变处理标准来改变像素子集，可以进一步改善感知的视敏度。 另外地和另外地，这样的处理可以进一步延伸以组合驱动相邻电极，从而刺激虚拟电极位置，从而进一步提高视敏度。
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公开(公告)号：US06952706B2
公开(公告)日：2005-10-04
申请号：US10237141
申请日：2002-09-05
CPC分类号： G06F8/24 , G06F9/4488 , G06F9/449 , Y10S707/99944 , Y10S707/99945
摘要： A method for providing stand-in objects, where relationships among objects are automatically resolved in an object oriented relational database model without the necessity of retrieving data from the database until it is needed. A “fault” class is defined, as well as fault objects whose data haven't yet been fetched from the database. An object that's created for the destination of a relationship whenever an object that includes the relationship is fetched from the database. When an object is fetched that has relationships, fault objects are created to “stand-in” for the destination objects of those relationships. Fault objects transform themselves into the actual enterprise objects—and fetch their data—the first time they're accessed. Subsequently, messages sent to the target objects are responded to by the objects themselves.This delayed resolution of relationships occurs in two stages: the creation of a placeholder object for the data to be fetched, and the fetching of that data only when it's needed. By not fetching an object until the application actually needs it, unnecessary interaction with the database server is therefore prevented.
摘要翻译： 一种用于提供待机对象的方法，其中对象之间的关系在面向对象的关系数据库模型中自动解析，而无需从数据库中检索数据库直到需要。 定义了“故障”类，以及尚未从数据库中获取数据的故障对象。 每当从数据库中提取包含关系的对象时，都会为关系的目标创建一个对象。 当获取具有关系的对象时，会创建故障对象，以便为这些关系的目标对象“入站”。 故障对象将自身转化为实际的企业对象，并且在第一次访问时获取数据。 随后，发送到目标对象的消息由对象本身响应。 这种关系的延迟解决发生在两个阶段：创建要获取的数据的占位符对象，仅在需要时才提取该数据。 通过在应用程序实际需要之前不获取对象，因此可以避免与数据库服务器的不必要的交互。
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67.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06820268B2
公开(公告)日：2004-11-16
申请号：US10233079
申请日：2002-08-29
IPC分类号： G06F900
CPC分类号： G06F8/38 , Y10S707/99944
摘要： The present invention comprises a method for allowing a data controlling object to interface with any number of user interface objects without requiring separate interface code for each user interface object and without restricting the user interface to certain predetermined designs. The present method provides objects called association objects that are interposed between a data controlling object and each user interface object. Each kind of user interface object has a corresponding association object. The association object for a particular kind of user interface object contains code that allows the association object to interact with the specific kind of user interface object with which it is associated. Each association object also presents a standard interface to a data controlling object, regardless of the kind of user interface object with which the association object is associated. The association object takes care of any conversion or translation that must be performed to convert a data value sent by the data controlling object into an appropriate value that can be displayed by the user interface object. Accordingly, instead of requiring different interface code for each kind of user interface object used, a data controlling object requires only a single block of interface code for communicating with all association objects, which in turn provide the user interface specific code needed for each kind of user interface object.
摘要翻译： 本发明包括一种允许数据控制对象与任何数量的用户界面对象接口而不需要用于每个用户界面对象的单独的接口代码并且不限制用户界面到某些预定设计的方法。 本方法提供了被插入在数据控制对象和每个用户界面对象之间的关联对象的对象。 每种用户界面对象都有一个对应的关联对象。 用于特定类型的用户界面对象的关联对象包含允许关联对象与其所关联的特定类型的用户界面对象进行交互的代码。 每个关联对象还向数据控制对象呈现标准接口，而不管关联对象与哪个用户界面对象相关联。 关联对象负责将数据控制对象发送的数据值转换为用户界面对象可显示的适当值必须执行的任何转换或转换。 相应地，数据控制对象仅需要一个接口代码块来与所有的关联对象进行通信，而不需要使用不同的接口代码，而这些接口代码又提供了每种类型的用户界面特定的代码 用户界面对象。
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68.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06704744B1
公开(公告)日：2004-03-09
申请号：US09663854
申请日：2000-09-18
IPC分类号： G06F1730
CPC分类号： G06F17/30595 , G06F17/3041 , G06F17/30607 , Y10S707/99933 , Y10S707/99942 , Y10S707/99943 , Y10S707/99944
摘要： The present invention creates a model that maps object classes in an object-oriented environment to a data source. The model maps the relationship between properties of each object class and data of the data source. The present invention can be used with a data source such as a relational database, user interface, file system, or object-oriented database. An application's object classes and data source schema are designed independent of the other since the model can be used to map one to the other. The model is comprised of entities and attributes. An entity maps to an object class and to at least one table of the DBMS. An entity contains attributes either simple or derived. A simple attribute maps to a DBMS column. A derived attribute is a combination of other attributes and does not directly map to a DBMS column. A relationship creates a link between entities of the model. A relationship can be used to flatten an attribute or flatten a relationship. A flattened attribute is an attribute of one entity that is added to another entity. A flattened relationship is created by the elimination of intermediate relationships between two entities. Relationships can be either unidirectional or bidirectional. A unidirectional relationship has a single traversal path that has a source entity and a destination. A bidirectional relationship has two traversal paths. A reflexive relationship can be created using a single entity. The model is used to synchronize object properties and the data of the data source.
摘要翻译： 本发明创建将面向对象环境中的对象类映射到数据源的模型。 该模型映射每个对象类的属性和数据源的数据之间的关系。 本发明可以与诸如关系数据库，用户界面，文件系统或面向对象的数据库之类的数据源一起使用。 应用程序的对象类和数据源模式是独立于另一方设计的，因为该模型可用于将一个对象映射到另一个。 该模型由实体和属性组成。 实体映射到对象类和DBMS的至少一个表。 实体包含简单或派生的属性。 一个简单的属性映射到一个DBMS列。 派生属性是其他属性的组合，不直接映射到DBMS列。 关系在模型的实体之间创建一个链接。 关系可以用来平坦化一个属性或平坦化关系。 平坦属性是添加到另一个实体的一个实体的属性。 通过消除两个实体之间的中间关系创建一个扁平化的关系。 关系可以是单向还是双向。 单向关系具有单个遍历路径，其具有源实体和目的地。 双向关系具有两个遍历路径。 可以使用单个实体创建反身关系。 该模型用于同步对象属性和数据源的数据。
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公开(公告)号：US06223227B1
公开(公告)日：2001-04-24
申请号：US08831634
申请日：1997-04-09
IPC分类号： G06F900
CPC分类号： G06F8/24
摘要： A method for providing stand-in objects, where relationships among objects are automatically resolved in an object oriented relational database model without the necessity of retrieving data from the database until it is needed. A “fault” class is defined, as well as fault objects whose data haven't yet been fetched from the database. An object that's created for the destination of a relationship whenever an object that includes the relationship is fetched from the database. When an object is fetched that has relationships, fault objects are created to “stand-in” for the destination objects of those relationships. Fault objects transform themselves into the actual enterprise objects—and fetch their data—the first time they're accessed. Subsequently, messages sent to the target objects are responded to by the objects themselves. This delayed resolution of relationships occurs in two stages: the creation of a placeholder object for the data to be fetched, and the fetching of that data only when it's needed. By not fetching an object until the application actually needs it, unnecessary interaction with the database server is therefore prevented.
摘要翻译： 一种用于提供待机对象的方法，其中对象之间的关系在面向对象的关系数据库模型中自动解析，而无需从数据库中检索数据库直到需要。 定义了“故障”类，以及尚未从数据库中获取数据的故障对象。 每当从数据库中提取包含关系的对象时，都会为关系的目标创建一个对象。 当获取具有关系的对象时，会创建故障对象，以便为这些关系的目标对象“入站”。 故障对象将自身转化为实际的企业对象，并且在第一次访问时获取数据。 随后，发送到目标对象的消息由对象本身进行响应。关系的这种延迟解决发生在两个阶段：创建要获取的数据的占位符对象，以及仅在需要时获取该数据。 通过在应用程序实际需要之前不获取对象，因此可以避免与数据库服务器的不必要的交互。
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公开(公告)号：US20190105496A1
公开(公告)日：2019-04-11
申请号：US15937427
申请日：2018-03-27
申请人： Xiaoyi Min , Alexander Kent , Richard Williamson
发明人： Xiaoyi Min , Alexander Kent , Richard Williamson
摘要： A computer implemented method and system is provided for managing neural stimulation therapy. The method comprises under control of one or more processors configured with program instructions. The method delivers a series of candidate stimulation waveforms having varied stimulation intensities to at least one electrode located proximate to nervous tissue of interest. A parameter defines the candidate stimulation waveforms is changed to vary the stimulation intensity. The method identifies a first candidate stimulation waveform that induces a paresthesia-abatement effect, while continuing to induce a select analgesic effect. The method further identifies a second candidate stimulation waveform that does not induce the select analgesic effect. The method sets a stimulation therapy based on the first and second candidate stimulation waveforms.
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