摘要:
A two phase clock generation circuit uses a current mirror and a crossbar switch to generate true and complement output clock signals that are relatively insensitive to process, voltage, and temperature variations. The current mirror generates a charging current and a discharging current that have a fixed magnitude ratio. The crossbar switch then alternately couples the charging current and the discharging current to the true and complement outputs of the clock generation circuit to generate the output clock signals. A selection signal generation unit is provided for generating the selection signal(s) required to appropriately control the switch. Because the charging and discharging currents are at fixed magnitudes and the crossbar switch is a balanced structure, the output clock signals remain aligned to a high degree of accuracy over a wide variety of conditions.
摘要:
A domino logic circuit includes input connections to receive a clock signal and at least one input data signal. In one embodiment, the domino logic circuit includes a dynamic stage comprising precharge circuitry, and a static stage that comprises discharge circuitry. In another embodiment, the domino logic circuit includes a dynamic stage comprising discharge circuitry, and a static stage that comprises precharge circuitry. Different configurations and transistor types have also been described. The circuitry can provide improved speed performance, or increase noise immunity.
摘要:
A memory card compatible token includes a host interface, radio circuits to transmit signals and a controller to determine if the memory card access commands are for contactless devices attached to the memory card slot or general memory. User payment account information is stored in the contactless chip as part of the contactless devices. The radio circuits can be activated and deactivated by the user for signal transmission using the controller through a mobile computing device.
摘要:
Users perform in-application purchases when logged in to an electronic financial application. User funds are transferred into an intermediate account at the user's financial institution, and merchants are paid from a guaranteed account at a separate financial institution. Non-real-time settlement is performed between the intermediate account and the guaranteed account.
摘要:
A memory card compatible RFID card includes a smartcard controller that receives power from a host device. The RFID card also includes a small inductive device capable of inductive coupling with an RFID reader. The small inductive device is small enough to fit in the form factor of a memory card. Commands may be sent to the RFID card to keep the RFID card powered.
摘要:
A memory card compatible RFID card includes a smartcard controller that receives power from a host device. The RFID card also includes a small inductive device capable of inductive coupling with an RFID reader. The small inductive device is small enough to fit in the form factor of a memory card. Commands may be sent to the RFID card to keep the RFID card powered.
摘要:
A coupling area enhancement device includes a small coil and a large coil on opposing sides of a sheet of electromagnetic interference (EMI) absorptive material. The coupling area enhancement device may include one or more holes and may include adhesive material and sticker covers. Placement of the coupling area enhancement device may be accomplished by sticking the small coil to a host device near a contactless antenna. The large coil may also be stuck to a battery cover.
摘要:
A contactless device includes a miniaturized antenna. The antenna includes an inductive coupling element that presents a field coupling surface area to couple to a magnetic field. The inductive element may be made of layers where conductive loops are formed parallel to the layers or perpendicular to the layers. When conductive loops are formed perpendicular to the layers, the effective field coupling surface area is increased. The inductive element is positioned on an outside edge of a memory card compatible device with the field coupling surface area perpendicular to the card.
摘要:
A memory card compatible RFID card includes a smartcard controller that receives power from a host device. The RFID card also includes a small inductive device capable of inductive coupling with an RFID reader. The small inductive device is small enough to fit in the form factor of a memory card. Commands may be sent to the RFID card to keep the RFID card powered.
摘要:
A memory card compatible token includes one or more secure elements accessed using secure element commands hidden in a memory card access command. A mobile computing device such as a mobile phone accesses the non-memory components by including a hidden command value as part of the memory card access command. Any set or subset of all possible secure element commands may be routed to one or more secure elements based on the hidden command value.