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公开(公告)号：US5138832A
公开(公告)日：1992-08-18
申请号：US585324
申请日：1990-09-18
申请人： John B. Pande
发明人： John B. Pande
CPC分类号： F03H99/00 , B64G1/401 , F02K9/42 , F24J2/06 , F24J2/07 , F24J2/28 , B64G1/446 , F05D2250/26 , F24J2002/003 , Y02E10/41 , Y02E10/44 , Y02E10/46 , Y10S165/907
摘要： The invention is directed to a solar thermal propulsion engine which comprises:(a) an ogive solar collection cavity with inner and outer walls having therebetween a heat exchange medium which can pass and heat a propellant fluid, and having its highest temperature deep within the cavity, and (b) a nozzle attached to and communicating with the heat exchange medium through which the heated propellant fluid can be passed to create thrust. In addition, this invention is directed to a solar thermal propulsion engine which comprises. (a) a heat exchanger having a geometry such that it has inner and outer walls having therebetween an open cell foam heat exchange medium through which a propellant can pass with tubulence, wherein solar radiation can heat the inner wall and the open foam heat exchange medium to, in turn, heat the propellant, and (b) a nozzle attached to and communicating with the open cell foam heat exchange medium through which the heated propellant fluid can be passed to creat thrust.In a preferred embodiment, the heat exchange medium of the ogive solar collection cavity is the open cell foam heat exchange medium. In a more preferred embodiment, such a preferred solar thermal propulsion engine further includes a paraboloid solar concentrator having the foam heat exchange medium in its walls.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种太阳能热推进发动机，其包括：（a）具有内壁和外壁的有效太阳能收集腔，其间具有热交换介质，其可传递和加热推进剂流体，并且其最高温度在腔内深 ，和（b）附接到热交换介质并与其连通的喷嘴，通过该喷嘴可以通过加热的推进剂流体以产生推力。 此外，本发明涉及一种太阳能热推进发动机，其包括。 （a）具有几何形状的热交换器，其具有内壁和外壁之间，其间具有开孔泡沫热交换介质，推进剂可以通过该开口热交换介质通过，其中太阳辐射可以加热内壁和开放泡沫热交换介质 再加热推进剂，和（b）连接到开孔泡沫热交换介质并与之连通的喷嘴，通过该喷嘴可以通过加热的推进剂流体以产生推力。 在优选的实施方案中，所述太阳能收集腔的热交换介质是开孔泡沫热交换介质。 在更优选的实施例中，这种优选的太阳能热推进发动机还包括在其壁中具有泡沫热交换介质的抛物面太阳能聚光器。
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公开(公告)号：US4913129A
公开(公告)日：1990-04-03
申请号：US355717
申请日：1989-05-22
申请人： Bruce D. Kelly , Robert L. Lessley
发明人： Bruce D. Kelly , Robert L. Lessley
摘要： A central solar receiving tower includes an air permeable heating surface which is exposed directly to the ambient. The heating surface receives solar radiation from a heliostat field and a warm airstream is circulated to the forward exposed face of the heating surface. As the warm airstream passes through the heating surface, its temperature is further raised and energy can be extracted from the air prior to being returned to the heating surface. The warm air introduced to the exposed face of the heating surface is directed in a generally converging pattern and flows through the heating surface with a generally uniform flow profile. A protective airstream is provided adjacent the warm air return airstream in a similar converging pattern. By properly controlling the relative flow rates, a flow boundary between the warm air and the protective air can be maintained, with the warm air flowing inward through the heating surface and the cold air flowing outward to buffer the warm air from ambient conditions.
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公开(公告)号：US4414961A
公开(公告)日：1983-11-15
申请号：US235741
申请日：1981-02-18
申请人： Robert W. Luebke
发明人： Robert W. Luebke
摘要： The present invention relates to a solar energy collecting panel and an apparatus for utilizing of the panel. The collecting panel comprises a first layer of heat absorbing material. A fiber mat for repeatedly transporting fluid by both surface tension and capillary action to a first surface of the heat absorbing layer is arranged to intimately contact the first surface. A second layer is arranged such that the fiber mat is confined between the first and second layers. In a preferred embodiment, the fiber mat comprises a nonwoven, needle punched fabric of continuous filaments of polyester or polypropylene. The apparatus for use of the panel according to the present invention includes an inlet and an outlet header sealed to first and second ends of the collecting panel. Fluid to be heated is delivered to the inlet header and the fiber mat transports the fluid by capillary action and surface tension along the filaments of the fiber mat to repeatedly intimately contact the surface of the heat absorbing layer to absorb heat therefrom and transports the fluid to the outlet header. The heated fluid in the outlet header is removed and utilized in a conventional heating or hot water system.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及太阳能收集面板和利用面板的装置。 收集板包括第一层吸热材料。 用于通过表面张力和毛细管作用将流体重复输送到吸热层的第一表面的纤维垫布置成与第一表面紧密接触。 布置第二层使得纤维垫被限制在第一层和第二层之间。 在优选的实施方案中，纤维垫包括聚酯或聚丙烯连续长丝的非织造针刺织物。 根据本发明的面板的使用装置包括密封到收集板的第一和第二端的入口和出口集管。 要加热的流体被输送到入口集管，并且纤维垫通过毛细管作用和沿着纤维垫的长丝的表面张力输送流体，以反复紧密地接触吸热层的表面以吸收热量并将流体输送到 出口标题 出口集管中的加热流体被去除并在常规加热或热水系统中使用。
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公开(公告)号：US4377398A
公开(公告)日：1983-03-22
申请号：US092797
申请日：1979-11-09
申请人： Charles E. Bennett
发明人： Charles E. Bennett
CPC分类号： F24F5/0046 , B01D53/261 , C02F1/14 , C09D5/32 , F24J2/28 , F25B15/00 , F25B27/007 , Y02E10/44
摘要： A solid matrix of microporous adsorbent is utilized to provide a barrier between two bodies of a gaseous mixture of which at least one constituent is a sorbable vapor. Appropriate application of heat at the opposing interfaces of the adsorbent barrier produces a partial pressure differential across the barrier. The adsorbent material is energized from a convenient heat source; for example, solar energy. The vapor pump of the invention may be used for environmental refrigeration and may be of the open or closed type. Other uses for the vapor pump are for producing a supply of pure water from low vapor content air or for drying air by removing the vapor content.
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公开(公告)号：US4333445A
公开(公告)日：1982-06-08
申请号：US115241
申请日：1980-01-24
申请人： Donald M. Lee
发明人： Donald M. Lee
摘要： Disclosed is an improved solar air heater which comprises an air fluidized bed unit having:(a) an inlet for incoming cool air;(b) an outlet for heated air;(c) a clear coverplate;(d) a solar heat collector element disposed within said unit for absorbing heat from solar energy entering said unit through said cover plate; and(e) a fluidization zone disposed within said unit wherein a bed of particles is fluidized by said incoming cool air,said bed and said fluidizing cool air absorbing heat from solar energy entering said unit through said cover plate and/or from said solar heated collector element, said particles being resistant to appreciable attrition and substantially non-dusting.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种改进的太阳能空气加热器，其包括空气流化床单元，其具有：（a）用于进入的冷空气的入口; （b）加热空气出口; （c）透明盖板; （d）设置在所述单元内的用于从通过所述盖板进入所述单元的太阳能吸收热量的太阳能集热器元件; 和（e）设置在所述单元内的流化区，其中所述进入的冷空气，所述床和所述流化冷却空气通过所述盖板和/或从所述太阳能加热而吸收来自太阳能的太阳能进入所述单元的热量的颗粒床 收集器元件，所述颗粒耐受明显的磨损和基本上不起尘。
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公开(公告)号：US4318393A
公开(公告)日：1982-03-09
申请号：US910609
申请日：1978-05-30
申请人： Richard J. Goldstein
发明人： Richard J. Goldstein
CPC分类号： F24J2/07 , F24J2/28 , F24J2002/1076 , Y02E10/41 , Y02E10/44
摘要： A porous surface receiver and concentrator of reflected solar radiation. The receiver is part of a moderately or strongly concentrating solar collector such as a solar power tower system. In the latter, radiation is reflected by a plurality of heliostats disposed about the tower on which the receiver is mounted. The solar radiation is reflected onto the central heat transfer receiver where the energy is transferred to a working fluid. Atmospheric air is used as the working fluid. The air is drawn through the porous matrix of the receiver surface and is heated to a high temperature in the range of 500.degree. to 1500.degree. C. with only a moderate pressure drop. The radiant heat flux input may be hundreds of times the incoming solar flux to the earth surface. The hot air can be used in a thermal storage system, or directly in a heat exchanger, or the like.
摘要翻译： 反射太阳辐射的多孔表面接收器和集中器。 接收器是中等或强烈集中的太阳能收集器（如太阳能发电塔系统）的一部分。 在后者中，辐射被设置在其上安装有接收器的塔的周围的多个定日镜反射。 太阳辐射被反射到中心传热接收器上，其中能量被转移到工作流体。 大气中的空气被用作工作流体。 空气被吸收到接收器表面的多孔基体中，并被加热至500〜1500℃的高温，只有适度的压降。 辐射热通量输入可能是到地球表面的入射太阳能通量的几百倍。 热空气可以用在热存储系统中，或直接在热交换器等中使用。
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公开(公告)号：US4212292A
公开(公告)日：1980-07-15
申请号：US958352
申请日：1978-11-06
申请人： Charles P. Reinert
发明人： Charles P. Reinert
CPC分类号： F24J2/48 , F24J2/28 , Y02E10/44 , Y10S126/907
摘要： A flat plate solar collector includes a light transmissive member which is adapted to receive solar heat energy therethrough. The light transmissive member is mounted adjacent but in spaced relation to a wall to thereby define a chamber between the plate and the wall. The heat absorber comprises a fibrous heat material positioned within the volumetric space defining said chamber, which not only effectively absorbs solar heat transmitted through the light transmissive member, but also serves as a heat insulator and minimizes the escape of heat therefrom at all times.
摘要翻译： 平板太阳能收集器包括适于接收太阳热能的透光构件。 透光构件安装成与壁相邻但是间隔开，从而在板和壁之间限定室。 吸热器包括位于限定所述室的容积空间内的纤维状热材料，其不仅有效地吸收透过透光构件的太阳能热量，而且还用作绝热材料，并且最终使其始终从其逸出。
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公开(公告)号：US4186721A
公开(公告)日：1980-02-05
申请号：US812812
申请日：1977-07-05
申请人： William C. Whitman
发明人： William C. Whitman
摘要： The apparatus of the invention includes a heat collector which utilizes a dark-colored, conductive, fibrous heat absorber positioned to receive the sun's rays and to absorb heat therefrom. The apparatus also includes heat-transfer means which passes through or flows over the fibrous heat collector and absorbs heat therefrom. The fibrous heat absorber is a large-area sheet, and it is supported so that it has a generally corrugated contour to increase its effective surface area. The heat transfer means may be air or a fluid.The apparatus of the invention also includes a heat storage apparatus, which comprises essentially a container of metal-coated material such as eutectic crystals which are in liquid form when the heat of fusion has been absorbed and which are crystalline in form when the heat of fusion is given up and the crystals cool.
摘要翻译： 本发明的装置包括一个热收集器，该热收集器利用定位成接收太阳射线并从中吸收热量的深色导电纤维吸热体。 该装置还包括通过或流过纤维集热器并从其吸收热量的传热装置。 纤维吸热体是大面积的片材，它被支撑成具有大致波纹状轮廓以增加其有效表面积。 传热装置可以是空气或流体。 本发明的装置还包括一种蓄热装置，其基本上包括金属涂覆材料的容器，例如当熔化热被吸收时是液态的共晶晶体，并且当熔化热量为晶态时 被放弃，晶体很酷。
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公开(公告)号：USRE30136E
公开(公告)日：1979-11-06
申请号：US909719
申请日：1978-05-25
IPC分类号： F24S10/80
摘要： A solar collector for use in receiving solar radiation and converting the same to heat. A matrix of plural layers of slit-and-expanded sheets are contained within the solar collector and the heat produced by the matrix absorbing solar radiation is transferred by convection into a forced fluid path. The surfaces of the slit-and-expanded sheets are coated to absorb and convert the radiant energy to heat and the various layers are relatively positioned at 90.degree. to provide improved tracking of the sun in its diurnal path, the sheets having unidirectional raised portions to more efficiently absorb the sun's rays. A reflective surface behind the matrix reflects solar energy back into the matrix. A fluid, usually air, is heated by convection as it is forced through the matrix in the solar collector.
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公开(公告)号：US4125946A
公开(公告)日：1978-11-21
申请号：US806349
申请日：1977-06-14
申请人： Melvin Prager
发明人： Melvin Prager
摘要： Apparatus for drying clothes does not require use of gas or electrical energy for generation of heat. A solar collector is used for regeneration of a desiccant, the desiccant being utilized for drying of clothes. A first portion of the solar collector is used to heat ambient temperature air which is used to absorb moisture from a desiccant, flowing in diluted form over a wick in a second portion of the collector. In a third part of the collector the heated air is humidified to a near saturated state. The moist, hot air interacts with water in a condensing heat exchanger, providing at the output thereof both hot water for storage and subsequent other uses and distilled water, along with saturated air at ambient temperature.
摘要翻译： 用于干燥衣物的装置不需要使用气体或电能来产生热量。 太阳能收集器用于再生干燥剂，干燥剂用于干燥衣物。 太阳能收集器的第一部分用于加热用于从干燥剂吸收水分的环境温度的空气，所述干燥剂以稀释的形式在集尘器的第二部分中的芯上流动。 在收集器的第三部分中，加热的空气被加湿至接近饱和状态。 潮湿的热空气与冷凝热交换器中的水相互作用，在其输出端提供用于储存的热水和随后的其它用途以及蒸馏水以及环境温度下的饱和空气。
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