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    Methods and system to quantify depth data accuracy in three-dimensional sensors using single frame capture
    71.
    发明授权
    Methods and system to quantify depth data accuracy in three-dimensional sensors using single frame capture 有权
    使用单帧捕获来量化三维传感器深度数据精度的方法和系统

    公开(公告)号：US07408627B2

    公开(公告)日：2008-08-05

    申请号：US11348737

    申请日：2006-02-06

    申请人： Cyrus Bamji ,  Ilhami Torunoglu ,  Salih Burak Gokturk

    发明人： Cyrus Bamji ,  Ilhami Torunoglu ,  Salih Burak Gokturk

    IPC分类号： G01C3/08

    CPC分类号： G01C3/08 ,  G01S7/497

    摘要： A method and system dynamically calculates confidence levels associated with accuracy of Z depth information obtained by a phase-shift time-of-flight (TOF) system that acquires consecutive images during an image frame. Knowledge of photodetector response to maximum and minimum detectable signals in active brightness and total brightness conditions is known a priori and stored. During system operation brightness threshold filtering and comparing with the a priori data permits identifying those photodetectors whose current output signals are of questionable confidence. A confidence map is dynamically generated and used to advise a user of the system that low confidence data is currently being generated. Parameter(s) other than brightness may also or instead be used.

    摘要翻译： 方法和系统动态地计算与通过在图像帧期间获取连续图像的相移时间飞行（TOF）系统获得的Z深度信息的精度相关联的置信水平。 了解光电探测器对主动亮度和总亮度条件下的最大和最小可检测信号的响应是先验已知和存储的。 在系统操作期间，亮度阈值滤波和与先验数据进行比较允许识别当前输出信号具有可信赖性的那些光电探测器。 动态生成置信图，并用于向系统的用户建议当前正在生成低置信度数据。 除了亮度之外的参数也可以或替代地使用。

    Method and system for automatic gain control of sensors in time-of-flight systems
    72.
    发明授权
    Method and system for automatic gain control of sensors in time-of-flight systems 有权
    飞行时间系统中传感器的自动增益控制方法和系统

    公开(公告)号：US07379163B2

    公开(公告)日：2008-05-27

    申请号：US11349310

    申请日：2006-02-06

    申请人： Abbas Rafii ,  Salih Burak Gokturk

    发明人： Abbas Rafii ,  Salih Burak Gokturk

    IPC分类号： G01C3/08

    CPC分类号： G01C3/08

    摘要： Performance of pixel detectors in a TOF imaging system is dynamically adjusted to improve dynamic range to maximize the number of pixel detectors that output valid data. The invention traverses the system-acquired z depth, the brightness, and the active brightness images, and assigns each pixel a quantized value. Quantization values encompass pixels receiving too little light, normal light, to too much light. Pixels are grouped into quantized category groups, whose populations are represented by a histogram. If the number of pixels in the normal category exceeds a threshold, no immediate corrective action is taken. If the number of pixel receiving too little (or too much) light exceeds those receiving too much (or too little) light, the invention commands at least one system parameter change to increase (or decrease) light reaching the pixels. Controllable TOF system parameters can include exposure time, common mode resets, video gain, among others.

    摘要翻译： 动态地调整TOF成像系统中的像素检测器的性能，以改善动态范围，以最大化输出有效数据的像素检测器的数量。 本发明遍历系统获取的z深度，亮度和有效亮度图像，并且将每个像素分配为量化值。 量化值包括光线太少，正常光线过多的光线。 像素被分组成量化类别组，其群体由直方图表示。 如果正常类别中的像素数超过阈值，则不会立即采取纠正措施。 如果接收太少（或太多）的光的数量超过接收太多（或太少）光的光的数量，则本发明命令至少一个系统参数变化来增加（或减少）到达像素的光。 可控TOF系统参数可以包括曝光时间，共模复位，视频增益等。

    Gesture recognition system using depth perceptive sensors
    73.
    发明授权
    Gesture recognition system using depth perceptive sensors 有权
    手势识别系统采用深度感知传感器

    公开(公告)号：US07340077B2

    公开(公告)日：2008-03-04

    申请号：US10369999

    申请日：2003-02-18

    申请人： Salih Burak Gokturk ,  Carlo Tomasi ,  Fahri Sürücü ,  Abbas Rafii

    发明人： Salih Burak Gokturk ,  Carlo Tomasi ,  Fahri Sürücü ,  Abbas Rafii

    IPC分类号： G06K9/00

    CPC分类号： G06F3/017 ,  A63F2300/1093 ,  G06K9/00335 ,  G06K9/00362 ,  G06K9/00382 ,  H04L2012/2841

    摘要： Three-dimensional position information is used to identify the gesture created by a body part of interest. At one or more instances of an interval, the posture of a body part is recognized, based on the shape of the body part and its position and orientation. The posture of the body part over each of the one or more instances in the interval are recognized as a combined gesture. The gesture is classified for determining an input into a related electronic device.

    摘要翻译： 三维位置信息用于识别由感兴趣的身体部分创建的手势。 在间隔的一个或多个情况下，基于身体部位的形状及其位置和取向来识别身体部位的姿势。 在该间隔中的一个或多个实例中的每一个上的身体部位的姿势被识别为组合手势。 手势被分类以确定相关电子设备的输入。

    Method and system to increase dynamic range of time-of-flight (TOF) and/or imaging sensors
    74.
    发明授权
    Method and system to increase dynamic range of time-of-flight (TOF) and/or imaging sensors 有权
    增加飞行时间（TOF）和/或成像传感器动态范围的方法和系统

    公开(公告)号：US07379100B2

    公开(公告)日：2008-05-27

    申请号：US11058028

    申请日：2005-02-14

    申请人： Salih Burak Gokturk ,  Abbas Rafii

    发明人： Salih Burak Gokturk ,  Abbas Rafii

    IPC分类号： H04N5/235

    CPC分类号： G01S17/89 ,  G01S7/4865 ,  G01S7/4868 ,  G01S7/487 ,  G01S17/10 ,  H04N5/2355

    摘要： Dynamic range of photodetector sensors useable in a TOF system is enhanced by capturing images of an object using multiple exposure time settings. Longer exposure settings more appropriately capture non-reflective and/or distant objects, while shorter exposure settings more appropriately capture reflective and/or closer objects. During parallel mode operation, detection signal readouts are taken from each photodetector at different time intervals within an overall exposure time. In sequential mode operation, detection signal readouts are taken and stored for each photodetector at the end of a first exposure time interval and the photodetectors are reset. After a second, different exposure time interval readouts are taken and stored, and the photodetectors reset, etc. In these modes one of the time exposure intervals will be relatively optimum for enhanced dynamic range operation. Once images with multiple exposure settings are obtained, best effort brightness and range images can be obtained, and motion artifacts can be reduced.

    摘要翻译： 在TOF系统中可用的光电检测器传感器的动态范围通过使用多个曝光时间设置捕获物体的图像来增强。 较长的曝光设置更适当地捕获非反射和/或远距离的物体，而较短的曝光设置更适当地捕获反射和/或更近的物体。 在并行模式操作期间，在整个曝光时间内以不同的时间间隔从每个光电检测器获取检测信号读出。 在顺序模式操作中，在第一曝光时间间隔结束时对每个光电检测器采集和存储检测信号读出，并且光电检测器被复位。 一秒钟后，拍摄和存储不同的曝光时间间隔读数，并且光电探测器复位等。在这些模式中，对于增强的动态范围操作，时间曝光间隔之一将是相对最佳的。 一旦获得具有多个曝光设置的图像，就可以获得尽力而为的亮度和范围图像，并且可以减少运动伪影。