公开(公告)号：US5237333A

公开(公告)日：1993-08-17

申请号：US910855

申请日：1992-07-06

申请人： Glenn B. Guard

发明人： Glenn B. Guard

IPC分类号： G01S3/48 ,  G01S3/52

CPC分类号： G01S3/52 ,  G01S3/48

摘要： Precise azimuth and elevation angles of arrival of a signal are determined using a rotating interferometer wheel rotatable about an axis parallel to the boresight of the interferometer. The angles of arrival are determined based on the measured phase differences of signals received by the interferometer, corresponding cone angles and the assignment of azimuth and elevation values to the group of conic lines which are nearest each other.

摘要翻译： 使用能够绕平行于干涉仪的视轴的轴线旋转的旋转干涉仪轮来确定信号的精确方位角和仰角。 基于由干涉仪接收的信号的测量的相位差，对应的锥角以及将方位角和仰角值分配给彼此最接近的圆锥线组来确定到达角。

公开(公告)号：US5198822A

公开(公告)日：1993-03-30

申请号：US840242

申请日：1992-02-24

申请人： Mark W. Brown

发明人： Mark W. Brown

IPC分类号： G01S3/48

CPC分类号： G01S3/48

摘要： Method and apparatus for quickly determining the angle of arrival of a signal at a spinning interferometer based on the phase rate of changes and the cone angles between respective pulses received at the spinning interferometer.

摘要翻译： 基于在纺丝干涉仪上接收到的各个脉冲之间的相位变化率和锥角，快速确定信号在纺丝干涉仪处的到达角度的方法和装置。

公开(公告)号：US4996533A

公开(公告)日：1991-02-26

申请号：US408007

申请日：1989-09-15

申请人： Peter T. May ,  Richard G. Strauch ,  Bob L. Weber

发明人： Peter T. May ,  Richard G. Strauch ,  Bob L. Weber

IPC分类号： G01S3/48 ,  G01S13/02 ,  G01S13/58 ,  G01S13/89 ,  G01S13/95

CPC分类号： G01S13/589 ,  G01S13/0218 ,  G01S13/89 ,  G01S13/951 ,  G01S3/48

摘要： A method and system for mapping ocean currents with a single radar. The radar is a pulsed monostatic radar operating in the HF/VHF range using a single transmitting antenna with a wide beam width. There is a linear array of antennas, each with its own receiver/digitizer system to sample the complex signal. The summing and phasing of the signals is done in software. The correlation functions are calculated using two successive complex Fourier transforms. The current vectors are measured as a function of range and angle from the radar site, thereby generating the current map.

摘要翻译： 用单一雷达测绘洋流的方法和系统。 该雷达是使用宽波束宽度的单个发射天线在HF / VHF范围内工作的脉冲单稳雷达。 有一个线性天线阵列，每个都有自己的接收机/数字化仪系统来对复杂信号进行采样。 信号的求和和定相是用软件完成的。 使用两个连续的复数傅立叶变换来计算相关函数。 电流矢量作为距离雷达现场的范围和角度的函数进行测量，从而生成当前图。

公开(公告)号：US4980870A

公开(公告)日：1990-12-25

申请号：US204753

申请日：1988-06-10

申请人： Brett A. Spivey ,  Edward G. Newman ,  Paul A. Johnson

发明人： Brett A. Spivey ,  Edward G. Newman ,  Paul A. Johnson

IPC分类号： G01S3/48

CPC分类号： G01S3/48

摘要： A compensating beamformer which requires orders of magnitude fewer calculations that prior art methods. A compensating beamformer is provided which comprises a plurality of sensing elements and a plurality of analog-to-digital converters, for converting incoming analog signals to digital form. Digital signals from at least four such elements are used to compute phase angle information which is combined to form a matrix of input data in the frequency domain. An unweighted steering vector is determined to sample data from the target direction. A corrector matrix is calculated based on input data from sensing elements. That corrector matrix along with its inverse, which is determined recursively, is used in combination with the unweighted steering vector to determine an optimal steering vector. The input data in the frequency domain are then multiplied by the optimal steering vector to obtain signals in the directions of interest. In preferred embodiments of this invention these calculations are repeated systolically to provide optimal steering vector updates on an essentially real-time basis.

摘要翻译： 一种补偿波束形成器，其需要几个数量级的现有技术方法的计算。 提供了一种补偿波束形成器，其包括多个感测元件和多个模数转换器，用于将输入的模拟信号转换为数字形式。 使用来自至少四个这样的元件的数字信号来计算相位角信息，该相位角信息被组合以形成频域中的输入数据的矩阵。 确定未加权的导向矢量以从目标方向采样数据。 基于来自感测元件的输入数据计算校正矩阵。 与递归确定的校正矩阵一起使用，与未加权的导向矢量组合使用，以确定最佳导向矢量。 然后将频域中的输入数据乘以最佳导向矢量，以获得感兴趣方向的信号。 在本发明的优选实施例中，这些计算被重复地进行重构，以在基本上实时的基础上提供最佳的导向向量更新。

公开(公告)号：US4949088A

公开(公告)日：1990-08-14

申请号：US396372

申请日：1989-08-21

申请人： Thomas M. Ryan ,  Karen Ryan

发明人： Thomas M. Ryan ,  Karen Ryan

IPC分类号： G01S3/48 ,  G01S7/02

CPC分类号： G01S7/022 ,  G01S3/48

摘要： A system includes units for identifying the location and range of a radar signal source relative to a user's vehicle. The system also includes an alarm unit for signalling if the radar source is within a prescribed distance from the vehicle. A readout and display unit displays selected information from the various units of the system.

摘要翻译： 系统包括用于识别雷达信号源相对于用户车辆的位置和范围的单元。 该系统还包括一个报警单元，用于在雷达源距离车辆一定距离内进行信令。 读出和显示单元从系统的各个单元显示选定的信息。

公开(公告)号：US4780722A

公开(公告)日：1988-10-25

申请号：US38808

申请日：1987-04-15

申请人： Anthony R. Cusdin

发明人： Anthony R. Cusdin

IPC分类号： G01S3/48 ,  G01S3/04

CPC分类号： G01S3/48

摘要： A radio direction-finding system comprises at least two adjacent, coplanar rectilinear antenna arrays (ARR.sub.1, ARR.sub.2) which face in different directions; phase measurements are performed on pairs of antennae of different spacings (ANT.sub.C /ANT.sub.1 -ANT.sub.N) in each array in order to derive the direction of incidence in the plane of the arrays and/or the direction of incidence with respect to said plane, e.g. bearing (.theta.) and elevation (.beta.) respectively. To reduce the number of channels required for resolving ambiguity in the phase measurement on the widest-spaced antenna pair (ANT.sub.C /ANT.sub.N) in each array, ambiguity is resolved as far as possible with more closely spaced pairs in each array and finally resolved on the two arrays jointly by amplitude comparison of signals received by the two arrays, even though the accuracy of the amplitude comparison may be insufficient to resolve ambiguity in the arrays separately. The invention is particularly applicable to a broadband system for radio sources which may be at substantial angles of elevation, e.g. up to 50 degrees.

摘要翻译： 无线电测向系统包括面向不同方向的至少两个相邻的共面直线天线阵列（ARR1，ARR2）; 在每个阵列中对不同间隔（ANTC / ANT1-ANTN）的天线对执行相位测量，以便导出阵列的平面中的入射方向和/或相对于所述平面的入射方向，例如， （θ）和仰角（β）。 为了减少每个阵列中最宽间隔天线对（ANTC / ANTN）上的相位测量中解决歧义所需的通道数量，尽可能地解决模糊度，每个阵列中的间隔更紧密的对，最终在 即使两个阵列接收的信号的振幅比较，两个阵列也联合，即使幅度比较的精度可能不足以分开排列阵列中的模糊度。 本发明特别适用于用于无线电源的宽带系统，该宽带系统可处于相当大的仰角。 最多可达50度。

公开(公告)号：US4644267A

公开(公告)日：1987-02-17

申请号：US742825

申请日：1985-06-10

申请人： James B. Y. Tsui ,  Robert L. Davis

发明人： James B. Y. Tsui ,  Robert L. Davis

IPC分类号： G01R23/17 ,  G01S3/48 ,  H01Q3/26 ,  G01R23/16

CPC分类号： G01S3/48 ,  G01R23/17 ,  H01Q3/2676

摘要： The system makes use of an interferometric Bragg cell for the time delays needed by the multiple antenna inputs in an angle-of-arrival (AOA) measurement system, for accurate measurements over wide bandwidths. A signal Bragg cell is modulated with a selected band of the EW signal environment, using a separate transducer coupled to each quadrant antenna element. A reference Bragg cell is modulated with a chirp signal. Coherent light from a laser is split and directed to both the signal cell and the reference cell. The output light beams from the reference Bragg cell and signal Bragg cell are combined and focused onto photo detectors having a one-dimensional array for each quadrant antenna element. The reference and signals are heterodyned at the photo detectors, which results in a channelized spectral output with each channel at the same intermediate frequency (IF). The outputs of the photodetectors are used by a phase comparison unit, cued by a frequency measurement receiver to the correct detectors, to provide the AOA measurement.

摘要翻译： 该系统利用干涉布拉格单元，用于在到达角度（AOA）测量系统中的多个天线输入所需的时间延迟，以便在宽带宽上精确测量。 使用耦合到每个象限天线元件的单独传感器，用EW信号环境的选定频带来调制信号布拉格单元。 参考布拉格单元用啁啾信号进行调制。 来自激光器的相干光被分离并且被引导到信号单元和参考单元两者。 来自参考布拉格单元和信号布拉格单元的输出光束被组合并聚焦到每个象限天线元件具有一维阵列的光电检测器上。 参考和信号在光电检测器被外差，这导致每个信道在相同中频（IF）下的信道化频谱输出。 光检测器的输出由相位比较单元使用，由频率测量接收器提供给正确的检测器，以提供AOA测量。

公开(公告)号：US4639733A

公开(公告)日：1987-01-27

申请号：US609232

申请日：1984-05-11

申请人： Nigel J. R. King ,  Ian W. N. Pawson ,  Michael P. Baker ,  Robert N. Shaddock ,  Edward V. Stansfield

发明人： Nigel J. R. King ,  Ian W. N. Pawson ,  Michael P. Baker ,  Robert N. Shaddock ,  Edward V. Stansfield

IPC分类号： G01S3/48 ,  G01S5/02

CPC分类号： G01S3/48

摘要： An interferometer type DF system uses an array of five antennas (A,B,C,D,E) arranged at the apices of a regular pentagon to define five wide apertures along the sides of the pentagon and a further five apertures along the diagonals. The phases of the signals received by each antenna, are measured modulo 2.pi. and processed to give a unique bearing of the radio source to the accuracy of the widest aperture defined by the array. One method of processing the phases is to calculate from them the Fourier coefficients of the Fourier series representing the spatial phase distribution. By comparing the difference between each calculated coefficient and a corresponding order coefficient of a set of imaginary antenna phases expressed as integral multiples of 2.pi., the complete 2.pi. phase differences between the measured phases modulo 2.pi. can be found. The bearing angle of the received signal is then the phase of the vector resulting from subtracting the first order Fourier coefficient of the integral phases from the calculated first order coefficient.

摘要翻译： 干涉仪型DF系统使用布置在正五边形顶点的五根天线（A，B，C，D，E）的阵列，以沿着五边形的侧面限定五个宽的孔，以及沿对角线的另外五个孔。 由每个天线接收的信号的相位被模2 pi测量，并被处理以给予无线电源的独特的轴承以由阵列限定的最宽孔的精度。 处理相位的一种方法是从它们计算表示空间相位分布的傅里叶级数的傅立叶系数。 通过比较表示为2 pi的整数倍的一组虚拟天线相位的每个计算系数和相应的次序系数之间的差异，可以找到所测量的相位2 pi之间的完整2 pi相位差。 接收信号的方位角就是从计算出的一阶系数中减去积分相位的一阶傅里叶系数得到的向量的相位。

公开(公告)号：USRE31772E

公开(公告)日：1984-12-18

申请号：US341914

申请日：1982-01-22

申请人： Carl W. Gerst ,  Hugh A. Hair ,  Stig L. Rehnmark

发明人： Carl W. Gerst ,  Hugh A. Hair ,  Stig L. Rehnmark

IPC分类号： G01S3/48 ,  H01Q13/08 ,  H01Q21/20

CPC分类号： H01Q13/085 ,  G01S3/48 ,  H01Q21/20

摘要： Apparatus for digitally indicating the bearing angle of a source of microwave energy includes an antenna array of a plurality of antenna elements equispaced about an arc of a circle in a plane. Connected to each of the antenna elements is a different input port of a microwave power dividing and phase transforming hybrid matrix. Some of the output ports of the matrix are connected to input ports of a plurality of digital phase discriminators whose outputs emit a coded combination of binary level signals. The outputs of the phase discriminators are connected to an ambiguity resolving means which transform the binary level signals to an unambiguous digital word representing the bearing angle.

公开(公告)号：US4393382A

公开(公告)日：1983-07-12

申请号：US144166

申请日：1980-04-25

申请人： William R. Jones

发明人： William R. Jones

IPC分类号： G01S3/14 ,  G01S11/04 ,  G01S11/00 ,  G01S3/48

CPC分类号： G01S3/14 ,  G01S11/04

摘要： Three or more receiving antennas are arrayed in a triangle that in turn is oriented in the same generally defined plane as a scanning RF beam emitted by a distant source of radar or other RF transmission, which is to be located. Signals received by the arrayed antennas are coupled to signal processing circuitry which measures the various time intervals (or differentials) that it takes for the source transmission to sweep through the angles subtended, at the source, by different spaced-apart pairs of the arrayed antennas. From these measured time differentials and the known geometry of the arrayed antennas and a measured scan rate of the transmission source, the signal processing circuitry determines the angle of arrival of the transmission with respect to the array, and then further combines the thusly determined angle of arrival with a signal representing the measured time differential associated with one selected pair of the arrayed antennas, to yield a signal proportional to the distance (range) of the source from the antenna array.

摘要翻译： 三个或更多个接收天线被排列成三角形，三角形又被定向在与被定位的远程雷达或其他射频发射源发射的扫描RF波束在相同的通常限定的平面中。 由阵列天线接收的信号被耦合到信号处理电路，该信号处理电路测量源传输扫描通过阵列天线的不同间隔对的对准的角度所需的各种时间间隔（或差分） 。 从这些测量的时间差和阵列天线的已知几何形状和传输源的测量扫描速率，信号处理电路确定传输相对于阵列的到达角，然后进一步组合由此确定的 到达具有表示与一个所选择的阵列天线对相关联的测量时间差的信号，以产生与源自天线阵列的距离（范围）成比例的信号。