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81.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20090110348A1
公开(公告)日：2009-04-30
申请号：US12254415
申请日：2008-10-20
IPC分类号： G02B6/26
CPC分类号： G02F1/095 , G02B6/3536 , G02B6/3546 , G02B6/3556 , G02B6/3596 , G02F1/3137 , G02F2203/15
摘要： Various embodiments of the present invention are directed to photonic switches and switch fabrics employing the photonic switches. In one embodiment of the present invention, a photonic switch comprises a first waveguide disposed on a surface of a substrate in proximity to an opening in the substrate, and a second waveguide crossing the first waveguide and positioned in proximity to the opening in the substrate. The photonic switch includes a tunable microring resonator disposed on the surface of the substrate adjacent to the first waveguide and the second waveguide and configured with an opening aligned with the opening in the substrate. The photonic switch also includes a wire having a first end and a second end and configured to pass through the opening in the microring and the opening in the substrate.
摘要翻译： 本发明的各种实施例涉及采用光子开关的光子开关和开关结构。 在本发明的一个实施例中，光子开关包括布置在衬底表面附近的衬底中的开口的第一波导和与第一波导交叉并位于衬底附近的开口的第二波导。 光子开关包括可调微环谐振器，其设置在与第一波导和第二波导相邻的基板的表面上，并配置有与基板中的开口对准的开口。 光子开关还包括具有第一端和第二端并配置成穿过基底中的微环和开口中的开口的导线。
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82.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20090109516A1
公开(公告)日：2009-04-30
申请号：US11977886
申请日：2007-10-26
IPC分类号： G02B26/00
CPC分类号： G03H1/02 , G02F2202/30 , G03H1/0005 , G03H1/2294 , G03H2001/0224 , G03H2225/12 , G03H2225/22 , H01L27/2463 , H01L45/04 , H01L45/085 , H01L45/1213 , H01L45/1233 , H01L45/14 , H01L45/141 , H01L45/142 , H01L45/143 , H01L45/144 , H01L45/147
摘要： An apparatus and related methods for modulating an electromagnetic radiation beam are described. A composite material is positioned in the path of the radiation beam, the composite material comprising a plurality of commonly oriented metallic first lines spaced apart by less than a wavelength of the radiation beam and a plurality of commonly oriented metallic second lines also spaced apart by less than that wavelength. The second lines are positioned in a crossing arrangement with the first lines, a crosspoint location being defined where each first line crosses each second line. An electrically programmable impedance memory element is positioned at each crosspoint location and is electrically coupled between the first and second lines corresponding to that crosspoint location, each impedance memory element having an electrically programmed state. The composite material modulates the radiation beam according to the electrically programmed states of the impedance memory elements.
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公开(公告)号：US07474823B2
公开(公告)日：2009-01-06
申请号：US11581194
申请日：2006-10-12
IPC分类号： G02B6/34
CPC分类号： G02B6/02309 , G02B6/29394 , G02B6/29395
摘要： Dispersion compensation for an optical signal having a first frequency range is described. The optical signal is applied to a dispersion compensating material having a negatively refracting behavior within the first frequency range. The dispersion compensating material is tuned by application of a control signal that varies at least one characteristic of the dispersion compensating material associated with the negatively refracting behavior.
摘要翻译： 描述具有第一频率范围的光信号的色散补偿。 光信号被施加到在第一频率范围内具有负折射特性的色散补偿材料。 通过施加改变与负折射行为相关联的色散补偿材料的至少一个特征的控制信号来调节色散补偿材料。
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公开(公告)号：US07397559B1
公开(公告)日：2008-07-08
申请号：US11657424
申请日：2007-01-23
申请人： Alexandre Bratkovski
发明人： Alexandre Bratkovski
CPC分类号： G01N21/658
摘要： An apparatus and related methods for spectroscopic analysis of analyte molecules is described. The analyte molecules are disposed near a metallic film that is positioned between a first medium on a first side and a second medium on a second side, the second medium being of higher refractive index than the first medium. A radiation source provides excitation radiation that propagates through the second medium toward the metallic film. The second medium and the metallic film are positioned in evanescent communication with respect to the excitation radiation, and the metallic film comprises lithographically patterned features designed to intensify surface plasmon resonance along the metallic film to promote the emission of Raman radiation from the analyte molecules. A radiation detector detects the Raman radiation emitted from the analyte molecules.
摘要翻译： 描述了用于分析物分子的光谱分析的装置和相关方法。 分析物分子设置在位于第一侧的第一介质和第二侧的第二介质之间的金属膜附近，第二介质的折射率高于第一介质。 辐射源提供通过第二介质向金属膜传播的激发辐射。 第二介质和金属膜位于相对于激发辐射的ev逝连通中，并且金属膜包括设计成加强沿着金属膜的表面等离子体共振的光刻图案特征，以促进来自分析物分子的拉曼辐射的发射。 辐射检测器检测从分析物分子发射的拉曼辐射。
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公开(公告)号：US07397370B2
公开(公告)日：2008-07-08
申请号：US11069389
申请日：2005-03-01
申请人： Alexandre Bratkovski
发明人： Alexandre Bratkovski
CPC分类号： G01D21/00
摘要： An assembly for monitoring an environment includes a RFID tag and at least one sensor assembly. The sensor assembly is configured to sense information regarding the environment around the assembly and convert a sensed event into power to at least partially power operation of the RFID tag.
摘要翻译： 用于监测环境的组件包括RFID标签和至少一个传感器组件。 传感器组件被配置为感测关于组件周围的环境的信息，并且将感测到的事件转换成功率以至少部分地对RFID标签的操作进行供电。
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86.发明申请Composite material with conductive structures of random size, shape, orientation, or location 有权具有随机尺寸，形状，取向或位置的导电结构的复合材料公开(公告)号：US20070120114A1
公开(公告)日：2007-05-31
申请号：US11290685
申请日：2005-11-30
IPC分类号： H01L51/00 , H01L29/732
CPC分类号： G02F1/0063 , B82Y20/00 , G02B1/007 , G02B6/0229 , G02B6/1225 , G02F2202/30 , G02F2202/32 , G02F2202/36 , G02F2203/15 , Y10S977/779 , Y10S977/834
摘要： A composite material with at least one of a negative effective permittivity and a negative effective permeability for incident radiation of at least one wavelength is described. The composite material comprises conductive structures that are substantially random with respect to at least one of size, shape, orientation, and location.
摘要翻译： 描述了对于至少一个波长的入射辐射具有负的有效介电常数和负的有效磁导率中的至少一个的复合材料。 复合材料包括相对于尺寸，形状，取向和位置中的至少一个基本上是随机的导电结构。
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公开(公告)号：US07187491B1
公开(公告)日：2007-03-06
申请号：US11339144
申请日：2006-01-25
申请人： Alexandre Bratkovski
发明人： Alexandre Bratkovski
IPC分类号： G02F1/00
CPC分类号： G02B6/3524 , B82Y20/00 , G02B1/005 , G02B6/1225 , G02B6/3548 , G02B6/3578 , G02B6/3596 , G02B26/0875
摘要： A device for deflecting an incident radiation beam through a steering angle to produce a deflected radiation beam is described. The device comprises a photonic crystal receiving the incident radiation beam at a dynamically controlled incidence angle. The photonic crystal is configured to negatively refract the incident radiation beam such that relatively large controlled variations of the steering angle are provided by relatively small controlled variations of the incidence angle.
摘要翻译： 描述了用于使入射的辐射束偏转转向角以产生偏转的辐射束的装置。 该装置包括以动态控制的入射角接收入射辐射束的光子晶体。 光子晶体被配置为对入射的辐射束进行负折射，使得通过入射角的相对小的受控变化提供转向角的相对较大的受控变化。
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88.发明申请Ordered array of nanoparticles for efficient nanoenhanced Raman scattering detection and methods of forming the same 有权有序的纳米粒子阵列用于高效纳米增强拉曼散射检测及其形成方法公开(公告)号：US20060209300A1
公开(公告)日：2006-09-21
申请号：US11084833
申请日：2005-03-17
CPC分类号： G01N21/658
摘要： Methods of forming NERS-active structures are disclosed that include ordered arrays of nanoparticles. Nanoparticles covered with an outer shell may be arranged in an ordered array on a substrate using Langmuir-Blodgett techniques. A portion of the outer shell may be removed, and the exposed nanoparticles may be used in a system to perform nanoenhanced Raman spectroscopy. An ordered array of nanoparticles may be used as a mask for forming islands of NERS-active material on a substrate. NERS-active structures and an NERS system that includes an NERS-active structure are also disclosed. Also disclosed are methods for performing NERS with NERS-active structures.
摘要翻译： 公开了形成NERS-活性结构的方法，其包括有序的纳米颗粒阵列。 覆盖有外壳的纳米颗粒可以使用Langmuir-Blodgett技术以有序阵列布置在基底上。 可以去除外壳的一部分，并且暴露的纳米颗粒可用于进行纳米增强拉曼光谱的系统中。 可以使用有序的纳米颗粒阵列作为在衬底上形成NERS活性材料岛的掩模。 还公开了NERS-活性结构和包括NERS-活性结构的NERS系统。 还公开了用NERS活性结构进行NERS的方法。
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公开(公告)号：US20060208879A1
公开(公告)日：2006-09-21
申请号：US11069389
申请日：2005-03-01
申请人： Alexandre Bratkovski
发明人： Alexandre Bratkovski
IPC分类号： G08B1/08
CPC分类号： G01D21/00
摘要： An assembly for monitoring an environment includes a RFID tag and at least one sensor assembly. The sensor assembly is configured to sense information regarding the environment around the assembly and convert a sensed event into power to at least partially power operation of the RFID tag.
摘要翻译： 用于监测环境的组件包括RFID标签和至少一个传感器组件。 传感器组件被配置为感测关于组件周围的环境的信息，并且将感测到的事件转换成功率以至少部分地对RFID标签的操作进行供电。
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公开(公告)号：US20060186432A1
公开(公告)日：2006-08-24
申请号：US11061060
申请日：2005-02-18
IPC分类号： H01L33/00
CPC分类号： H01L33/02 , H01L33/0004 , H01S5/04 , H01S5/32
摘要： Spin-polarized electrons can be efficiently extracted from an n-doped semiconductor layer (n-S) by forming a modified Schottky contact with a ferromagnetic material (FM) and a δ-doped layer at an interface under forward bias voltage conditions. Due to spin-selection property of the FM-S junction, spin-polarized carriers appear in the n-doped semiconductor layer near the FM-S interface. If a FM-n-n′-p heterostructure is formed, where the n′ region is a narrower gap semiconductor, polarized electrons from the n-S region and holes from the p-S region can diffuse into the n′-S region under the influence of independent voltages applied between the FM and n′ regions and the n′ and p regions. The polarized electrons and holes recombine in the n′-S region and produce polarized light. The polarization can be controlled and modulated by controlling the applied voltages.
摘要翻译： 通过在正向偏压条件下在界面处形成与铁磁材料（FM）和δ掺杂层的改性肖特基接触，可以从n掺杂半导体层（n-S）有效地提取自旋极化电子。 由于FM-S结的自旋选择性质，自旋极化载流子出现在FM-S界面附近的n掺杂半导体层中。 如果形成FM-n-n'-p异质结构，其中n'区域是较窄的间隙半导体，则来自nS区域的极化电子和来自pS区域的空穴可以扩散到n'-S区域的影响下 在FM和n'区域以及n'和p区域之间施加独立电压。 极化的电子和空穴在n'-S区域复合并产生偏振光。 可以通过控制施加的电压来控制和调制极化。
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