摘要:
A circuit and method for easily detecting skew of a transistor within a semiconductor device are provided. The circuit for detecting the skew of the transistor includes a linear voltage generating unit for outputting a linear voltage by using a first supply voltage, a first attenuation unit for reducing variation width of the linear voltage according to the performance of the transistor, a saturation voltage generating unit for outputting a saturation voltage by using a second supply voltage, and a comparison unit for comparing an output of the first attenuation unit and the saturation voltage.
摘要:
A method for forming a metal pattern in a semiconductor device which is capable of reducing contact resistivity with an interconnection contact. The method includes forming a tungsten interconnection contact passing through a lower insulating layer on a semiconductor substrate, forming an upper insulating layer covering the interconnection contact, and forming a groove having the same line width as a damascene trench on the upper insulating layer. The method also includes forming a mask spacer on a sidewall of the groove, forming the damascene trench having an inclined bottom profile for exposing a top surface and a portion of a sidewall of the interconnection contact, and forming a metal pattern with which the damascene trench is filled, the metal pattern electrically connected to the interconnection contact.
摘要:
Provided is a method of fabricating an optoelectronic integrated circuit chip. In particular, a method of fabricating an optoelectronic integrated circuit chip is provided, in which an optical absorption layer of a wave-guide type optical detector is grown to be thicker than a collector layer of a hetero-junction bipolar transistor by using a selective area growth by metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) method, and the wave-guide type optical detector and the hetero-junction bipolar transistor are integrated as a single chip on a semi-insulated InP substrate, thereby readily realizing the wave-guide type optical detector improved in quantum efficiency and having the ultra-high speed characteristics.
摘要:
An interference canceller is herein disclosed wherein a baseband signal is input to a detector's fingers, and the fingers detect multi-path signals and estimate the baseband signal's channel. An MRC uses the finger's despread signal and the channel estimate to output a soft bit decision value, while a signal regenerator uses a hard bit decision value and the finger's channel estimate to regenerate the baseband signal. An SIR measurer uses a soft bit decision value and a despreader's channel estimate to measure an SIR. A signal selector compares each detector's SIR measurement value with a target SIR, and when the SIR measurement value is greater than the target SIR, it selects the detector's regeneration signal to group received signals. A subtractor subtracts the regeneration signal from the baseband signal.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a circuit for controlling a refresh oscillator, and more specifically, to a circuit for controlling a refresh oscillator, wherein refresh characteristics can be tested in a more efficient manner in such a manner that the refresh characteristics are tested at a refresh cycle, which is extended as long as a predetermined time from an originally set refresh cycle, in a user test mode so as to measure a refresh margin over a wide temperature range.
摘要:
A method for fabricating a nonvolatile memory device including successively forming a first oxide layer, an electrically conductive layer, a second oxide layer, a nitride layer and a third oxide layer on a semiconductor substrate. The method also includes patterning the third oxide layer, forming spacers at sidewalls of the third oxide layer, forming a trench in the substrate by selectively etching the substrate with the third oxide layer as a mask, filling the trench with fourth oxide layer, and removing the third oxide layer, the nitride layer and the second oxide layer. Before filling the trench with the fourth oxide layer, a liner oxide layer is formed on inner walls of the trench. The fourth oxide layer is high density plasma (HDP) oxide and tetrafluoroethane (Si(OC2H5)4). During the filling the trench, lower corners of the conductive layer are made have rounded structure or bird's beak structure.
摘要:
The invention relates to a method for determining the relative position of a mobile in relation to the known position of a reference station. The relative position calculation comprises the steps of: -a) choosing a linear combination of satellite transmission frequencies L1 and L2 from a predetermined list comprising at least two linear combinations of frequencies, -b) calculating a precise relative position Pp of the mobile in relation to the reference station on the basis of the linear combinations of pseudo-ranges corresponding to the linear combination and an estimated position Pe of the mobile in relation to the reference station, -c) choosing from the list the following linear combination, if it exists, and, in this case, reiterating step b), considering the estimated position to be said precise position Pp, -d) reiterating step c) for all the linear combinations in the list.
摘要:
In the inter-working method of wireless Internet (gateways) according to the present invention described above, DIAMETER which is the first version of the IETF-RFC standard of mobile IP application is applied to the application scenario based on wireless Internet gateway of a home network, not on FA or HA of Mobile IP. After all mobile communication providers connect to wireless Internet, subscribers are not bounded to the network of their mobile communication provider and have the freedom to select any external wireless Internet portal site and use the service of it. Such a wireless Internet connection method will make wireless Internet contents popular in the open wireless network epoch and provide wireless Internet contents providers with an excellent chance. The authentication of the wireless Internet gateways of other networks, authorization, accounting management, structures and techniques proposed by the present invention can give solutions to security problems of wireless internet gateway (ex WAP G/W) that have not overcome, and provide reliability to wireless Internet electronic commercial trade service.
摘要翻译:在上述根据本发明的无线因特网(网关)的互通方式中,作为移动IP应用的IETF-RFC标准的第一版本的DIAMETER被应用于基于家庭的无线因特网网关的应用场景 网络,不在移动IP的FA或HA上。 在所有移动通信提供商连接到无线互联网之后,用户不限于其移动通信提供商的网络,并且可以自由地选择任何外部无线因特网门户网站并使用其服务。 这种无线互联网连接方式将使无线互联网内容在开放的无线网络时代流行,为无线互联网内容提供商提供了极好的机会。 本发明提出的其他网络的无线互联网网关的认证,授权,会计管理,结构和技术,可以解决未能克服的无线网关(例如WAP G / W)的安全问题,提供可靠性 无线互联网电子商务贸易服务。
摘要:
A pull-on disposable wearing article has a first waist region and a second waist region. The first waist region is elastically stretch- and contractible in the transverse direction. The second waist region is formed with a pair of finger-grip zones which are non-stretchable in the transverse direction and an elastically stretch- and contractible middle zone. The finger-grip zones respectively have a dimension in a range of 10 to 100 mm as measured in the transverse direction and extend from a peripheral edge of the waist-hole to peripheral edges of the respective leg-holes, along a pair of bonded zones where transversely opposite side edges of the waist regions are bonded together. The middle zone extends between the finger-grip zones is elastically stretch- and contractible in the transverse direction.