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    Nuclear reactor (alternatives), fuel assembly of seed-blanket subassemblies for nuclear reactor (alternatives), and fuel element for fuel assembly
    2.
    发明授权
    Nuclear reactor (alternatives), fuel assembly of seed-blanket subassemblies for nuclear reactor (alternatives), and fuel element for fuel assembly 有权
    核反应堆（替代品），用于核反应堆（替代品）的种子毯子组件的燃料组装和用于燃料组装的燃料元件

    公开(公告)号：US08116423B2

    公开(公告)日：2012-02-14

    申请号：US12340833

    申请日：2008-12-22

    申请人： Sergey Mikhailovich Bashkirtsev ,  Valentin Fedorovich Kuznetsov ,  Valery Vladimirovich Kevrolev ,  Alexey Glebovich Morozov

    发明人： Sergey Mikhailovich Bashkirtsev ,  Valentin Fedorovich Kuznetsov ,  Valery Vladimirovich Kevrolev ,  Alexey Glebovich Morozov

    IPC分类号： G21C3/00

    CPC分类号： G21C3/58 ,  G21C3/08 ,  G21C3/28 ,  G21C5/18 ,  G21C5/20 ,  G21Y2002/304 ,  G21Y2002/601 ,  G21Y2004/30 ,  G21Y2004/40 ,  Y02E30/32 ,  Y02E30/38

    摘要： The invention relates to light water reactor designs in which thorium is used as fuel and in particular to designs of jacketless fuel assemblies, which make up the cores of pressurized water reactors (PWRs) such as the VVER-1000. Nuclear reactor cores containing seed and blanket subassemblies that make up the fuel assemblies are used to burn thorium fuel together with conventional reactor fuel that includes nonproliferative enriched uranium, as well as weapons-grade and reactor-grade plutonium. In the first alternative, the reactor core is fully “nonproliferative,” since neither the reactor fuel nor the wastes generated can be used to produce nuclear weapons. In the second version of the invention, the reactor core is used to burn large amounts of weapons-grade plutonium together with thorium and provides a suitable means to destroy stockpiles of weapons-grade plutonium and convert the energy released to electric power. The cores in both embodiments of the invention are made up of a set of seed-blanket assemblies, which have central seed areas surrounded by annular blanket areas. The seed areas contain uranium or plutonium fuel rods, while the blanket areas contain thorium fuel rods. The volume ratio of moderator to fuel and the relative sizes of the seed area and the blanket area have been optimized so that neither embodiment of the invention generates wastes that can be used to produced nuclear weapons. A new refueling system is also used for the first embodiment of the invention to maximize recycling of the seed fuel; the system also ensures that the spent nuclear fuel cannot be used to produce nuclear weapons.

    摘要翻译： 本发明涉及其中钍用作燃料的轻水反应堆设计，特别涉及组成诸如VVER-1000的加压水反应堆（PWR）的核心的无夹套燃料组件的设计。 包含构成燃料组件的种子和橡皮布子组件的核反应堆核心与用于包括非增殖型浓缩铀以及武器级和反应堆级钚的常规反应堆燃料一起燃烧钍燃料。 在第一种替代方案中，反应堆核心是完全“非增殖的”，因为反应堆燃料和生成的废物都不能用于生产核武器。 在本发明的第二个版本中，反应堆堆芯被用来燃烧大量的武器级钚和钍，并提供了一种合适的手段来摧毁武器级钚的储存并将释放的能量转化为电力。 本发明的两个实施例中的芯由一组种子毯组件组成，其具有由环形覆盖区域包围的中心种子区域。 种子区域包含铀或钚燃料棒，而覆盖区域包含钍燃料棒。 已经优化了调节剂与燃料的体积比以及种子面积和覆盖面积的相对大小，使得本发明的两个实施例都不产生可用于生产核武器的废物。 本发明的第一个实施例也使用新的加油系统，以使种子燃料的回收最大化; 该制度还确保废核燃料不能用于生产核武器。

    NUCLEAR REACTOR (ALTERNATIVES), FUEL ASSEMBLY OF SEED-BLANKET SUBASSEMBLIES FOR NUCLEAR REACTOR (ALTERNATIVES), AND FUEL ELEMENT FOR FUEL ASSEMBLY
    4.
    发明申请
    NUCLEAR REACTOR (ALTERNATIVES), FUEL ASSEMBLY OF SEED-BLANKET SUBASSEMBLIES FOR NUCLEAR REACTOR (ALTERNATIVES), AND FUEL ELEMENT FOR FUEL ASSEMBLY 有权
    核反应堆（替代品），用于核反应堆（替代品）的种子垫片的燃料组件和燃料组件的燃料元件

    公开(公告)号：US20090252278A1

    公开(公告)日：2009-10-08

    申请号：US12340833

    申请日：2008-12-22

    申请人： Sergey Mikhailovich BASHKIRTSEV ,  Valentin Fedorovich KUZNETSOV ,  Valery Vladimirovich KEVROLEV ,  Alexey Glebovich MOROZOV

    发明人： Sergey Mikhailovich BASHKIRTSEV ,  Valentin Fedorovich KUZNETSOV ,  Valery Vladimirovich KEVROLEV ,  Alexey Glebovich MOROZOV

    IPC分类号： G21C3/32 ,  G21C3/00

    CPC分类号： G21C3/58 ,  G21C3/08 ,  G21C3/28 ,  G21C5/18 ,  G21C5/20 ,  G21Y2002/304 ,  G21Y2002/601 ,  G21Y2004/30 ,  G21Y2004/40 ,  Y02E30/32 ,  Y02E30/38

    摘要： The invention relates to light water reactor designs in which thorium is used as fuel and in particular to designs of jacketless fuel assemblies, which make up the cores of pressurized water reactors (PWRs) such as the VVER-1000. Nuclear reactor cores containing seed and blanket subassemblies that make up the fuel assemblies are used to burn thorium fuel together with conventional reactor fuel that includes nonproliferative enriched uranium, as well as weapons-grade and reactor-grade plutonium. In the first alternative, the reactor core is fully “nonproliferative,” since neither the reactor fuel nor the wastes generated can be used to produce nuclear weapons. In the second version of the invention, the reactor core is used to burn large amounts of weapons-grade plutonium together with thorium and provides a suitable means to destroy stockpiles of weapons-grade plutonium and convert the energy released to electric power. The cores in both embodiments of the invention are made up of a set of seed-blanket assemblies, which have central seed areas surrounded by annular blanket areas. The seed areas contain uranium or plutonium fuel rods, while the blanket areas contain thorium fuel rods. The volume ratio of moderator to fuel and the relative sizes of the seed area and the blanket area have been optimized so that neither embodiment of the invention generates wastes that can be used to produced nuclear weapons. A new refueling system is also used for the first embodiment of the invention to maximize recycling of the seed fuel; the system also ensures that the spent nuclear fuel cannot be used to produce nuclear weapons.

    摘要翻译： 本发明涉及其中钍用作燃料的轻水反应堆设计，特别涉及组成诸如VVER-1000的加压水反应堆（PWR）的核心的无夹套燃料组件的设计。 包含构成燃料组件的种子和橡皮布子组件的核反应堆核心与用于包括非增殖型浓缩铀以及武器级和反应堆级钚的常规反应堆燃料一起燃烧钍燃料。 在第一种替代方案中，反应堆核心是完全“非增殖的”，因为反应堆燃料和生成的废物都不能用于生产核武器。 在本发明的第二个版本中，反应堆堆芯被用来燃烧大量的武器级钚和钍，并提供了一种合适的手段来摧毁武器级钚的储存并将释放的能量转化为电力。 本发明的两个实施例中的芯由一组种子毯组件组成，其具有由环形覆盖区域包围的中心种子区域。 种子区域包含铀或钚燃料棒，而覆盖区域包含钍燃料棒。 已经优化了调节剂与燃料的体积比以及种子面积和覆盖面积的相对大小，使得本发明的两个实施例都不产生可用于生产核武器的废物。 本发明的第一个实施例也使用新的加油系统，以使种子燃料的回收最大化; 该制度还确保废核燃料不能用于生产核武器。