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公开(公告)号：US4648039A
公开(公告)日：1987-03-03
申请号：US567359
申请日：1983-12-30
CPC分类号： G01V1/286 , G01V1/42 , G01V2210/161
摘要： Disclosed is separation of the compressional and shear components of the wavefield measured in 3-component vertical seismic profiling. The separation involves working in the zx plane defined by the borehole axis (z) and the surface seismic source, and in successive and overlapping windows each defined by (i) a depth interval centered at the depth level currently being processed and including several depth levels above and below and (ii) a time interval sufficiently long to include the receipt of the relevant seismic energy by the geophones. The total wavefield measurements in a window are rotated to give the energy along the borehole axis (z) and that perpendicular to it in the zx plane of interest, the result is forward Fourier transformed in two dimensions, then filtered in wavenumber-frequency space by means of a matrix filter which depends on previously estimated compressional and shear speeds of the region that produced the VSP measurements being filtered, and the result is inverse Fourier transformed to derive the compressional component. Subtracting the compressional component from the total measured wavefield gives the shear component. The corresponding operations performed entirely in the spatial domain give corresponding results.
摘要翻译： 公开了在三分量垂直地震剖面中测量的波场的压缩和剪切分量的分离。 分离涉及在由钻孔轴线（z）和表面地震源定义的zx平面中以及在连续和重叠的窗口中工作，每个窗口由（i）以当前正在处理的深度级为中心的深度间隔定义，并且包括几个深度级 （ii）足够长的时间间隔，以包括地震检波器接收相关的地震能量。 旋转窗口中的总波场测量值以沿钻孔轴线（z）提供能量，并在垂直于目标的zx平面中的能量，其结果是二维前向傅里叶变换，然后在波数频率空间中进行滤波 矩阵滤波器的装置，该矩阵滤波器取决于产生正被滤波的VSP测量的区域的先前估计的压缩和剪切速度，并且该结果被逆傅里叶变换以导出压缩分量。 从总测量的波场中减去压缩分量给出剪切分量。 完全在空间域中执行的相应操作给出相应的结果。
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2.发明授权Diffraction tomography systems and methods with arbitrary source and detector array surfaces 失效衍射层析成像系统和方法与任意源和检测器阵列表面
公开(公告)号：US4598366A
公开(公告)日：1986-07-01
申请号：US573540
申请日：1984-01-25
申请人： Anthony J. Devaney
发明人： Anthony J. Devaney
CPC分类号： G06T11/005 , G01S15/8977 , G06T11/006 , G06T2211/421 , Y10S128/916 , Y10S378/901
摘要： Diffraction tomography systems and methods are disclosed for the reconstruction of physical properties of two and three-dimensional objects from information collected by detectors located along an arbitrary surface in space. The sources of energy investigating the object may likewise be located along an arbitrary surface. Optimal filtered backpropagation techniques and preprocessing required for such reconstructions are disclosed for systems utilizing plane wave sources, and for systems using fan beam cylindrical or spherical wave insonification. The preprocessing and filtered backpropagation techniques are shown to simplify for the cases of circular boundaries, and other separable boundaries within the Helmholtz equation.
摘要翻译： 公开了衍射层析成像系统和方法，用于根据位于空间任意表面的检测器收集的信息重构二维和三维物体的物理性质。 调查物体的能量来源同样可以沿着任意的表面定位。 对于使用平面波源的系统以及使用扇形波束圆柱形或球面波形失真的系统，公开了对这种重建所需的最佳滤波反向传播技术和预处理。 显示了预处理和滤波反向传播技术，以简化圆形边界的情况，以及亥姆霍兹方程内的其他可分离边界。
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3.发明授权Optical quadrature interferometry utilizing polarization to obtain in-phase and quadrature information 失效利用极化获得同相和正交信息的光学正交干涉测量
公开(公告)号：US5883717A
公开(公告)日：1999-03-16
申请号：US658087
申请日：1996-06-04
CPC分类号： G01J3/447 , G01J3/453 , G01J9/02 , G01N21/4795
摘要： An optical quadrature interferometer is presented. The optical quadrature interferometer uses a different state of polarization in each of two arms of the interferometer. A light beam is split into two beams by a beamsplitter, each beam directed to a respective arm of the interferometer. In one arm, the measurement arm, the light beam is directed through a linear polarizer and a quarter wave plate to produce circularly polarized light, and then to a target being measured. In the other arm, the to reference arm, the light beam is not subject to any change in polarization. After the light beams have traversed their respective arms, the light beams are combined by a recombining beamsplitter. As such, upon the beams of each arm being recombined, a polarizing element is used to separate the combined light beam into two separate fields which are in quadrature with each other. An image processing algorithm can then obtain the in-phase and quadrature components of the signal in order to construct an image of the target based on the magnitude and phase of the recombined light beam.
摘要翻译： 提出了一种光学正交干涉仪。 光学正交干涉仪在干涉仪的两个臂中的每一个中使用不同的偏振状态。 光束被分束器分成两束，每束光束指向干涉仪的相应臂。 在一个臂中，测量臂，光束被引导通过线性偏振器和四分之一波片以产生圆偏振光，然后到被测量的目标。 在另一个臂中，对于参考臂，光束不会发生极化的任何变化。 在光束穿过其各自的臂之后，光束通过重组分束器组合。 因此，在每个臂的光束被复合时，使用偏振元件将组合的光束分离成彼此成正交的两个分离的场。 然后，图像处理算法可以获得信号的同相和正交分量，以便基于重新组合的光束的大小和相位来构建目标的图像。
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公开(公告)号：US4309602A
公开(公告)日：1982-01-05
申请号：US90420
申请日：1979-11-01
摘要： Adaptive optics with controllable delay in a matrix of regions focuses the image of an object upon a detector array in an image plane that provides a signal set representative of the radiant energy incident upon a matrix of locations in the image plane. An image signal processor processes this signal set to provide a wavefront error signal representative of the estimated wavefront phase distortion of the radiant energy incident upon the detector array. A control system responds to this wavefront error signal to effect alteration of the phase delay introduced by the adaptive optics to reduce the phase distortion of radiant energy incident upon the detector array.
摘要翻译： 具有区域矩阵中的可控延迟的自适应光学器件将物体的图像聚焦在图像平面中的检测器阵列上，该图像平面提供表示入射在图像平面中的位置矩阵上的辐射能的信号集合。 图像信号处理器处理该信号组以提供表示入射在检测器阵列上的辐射能的估计波前相位失真的波前误差信号。 控制系统响应于该波前误差信号，以实现由自适应光学器件引入的相位延迟的改变，以减少入射到检测器阵列上的辐射能的相位失真。
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5.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4594662A
公开(公告)日：1986-06-10
申请号：US533391
申请日：1983-09-19
申请人： Anthony J. Devaney
发明人： Anthony J. Devaney
CPC分类号： G06T11/006 , G01S15/8977 , G06T2211/421 , Y10S128/916 , Y10S378/901
摘要： Diffraction tomography systems and methods are disclosed for the reconstruction of physical properties of two- and three-dimensional objects from information collected by detector arrays which are fixed in space. Improved preprocessing procedures and an optimal filtered backpropagation technique are disclosed for both geophysical and ultrasonic diffraction tomography systems and methods. A novel method for reconstructing properties of three-dimensional objects and slices thereof in real time is also disclosed. An optimal filtered backpropagation technique for the backscatter mode is further disclosed.
摘要翻译： 公开了衍射层析成像系统和方法，用于从由空间固定的检测器阵列收集的信息重构二维和三维物体的物理性质。 公开了改进的预处理程序和最佳的过滤反向传播技术，用于地球物理和超声衍射层析成像系统和方法。 还公开了一种实时重建三维物体及其切片的性质的新颖方法。 进一步公开了用于后向散射模式的最佳滤波反向传播技术。
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公开(公告)号：US4562540A
公开(公告)日：1985-12-31
申请号：US441323
申请日：1982-11-12
申请人： Anthony J. Devaney
发明人： Anthony J. Devaney
CPC分类号： G06T11/006 , G01S15/8977 , G06T2211/421 , Y10S128/916 , Y10S378/901
摘要： Diffraction tomography systems and methods are disclosed for the reconstruction of physical properties of two and three-dimensional objects from information collected in one or more diffraction tomographic procedures. A diffraction tomographic system is comprised of a continuous or pulsed source of wave energy, a detecting system for the measurement of the amplitude and/or phase of the scattered field resulting from the wave energy interacting with a two or three-dimensional object, a processing and filtering system for processing and filtering the measured signals according to a filtered backpropagation technique thereby generating arrays which are used to reconstruct the object properties, and a graphics display system for displaying obtained reconstructions. Specific embodiments include ultrasound transmission computed tomography; well-to-well electromagnetic and sonic tomography; subsurface electromagnetic or seismic exploration; and X-ray transmission tomography. The methods and systems apply filtered backpropagation techniques which are generalizations of the filtered backprojection technique of X-ray computed tomography to cases where diffraction of the insonifying beam is taken into consideration.
摘要翻译： 公开了衍射断层摄影系统和方法，用于从在一个或多个衍射断层摄影程序中收集的信息重建二维和三维物体的物理性质。 衍射层析成像系统由连续或脉冲的波能源组成，用于测量由与两维或三维物体相互作用的波能产生的散射场的振幅和/或相位的检测系统， 以及用于根据滤波反向传播技术处理和过滤测量信号的滤波系统，从而产生用于重建对象属性的阵列，以及用于显示所获得的重建的图形显示系统。 具体实施例包括超声波传播计算机断层摄影; 良好的电磁和声波断层扫描; 地下电磁或地震勘探; 和X射线透视层析成像。 所述方法和系统应用滤波反向传播技术，其是将X射线计算机断层摄影的滤波反投影技术的概括纳入考虑到失真束的衍射的情况。
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