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1.发明授权Polarization-independent switch with coupler spacing optimized for low voltage operation 失效极化独立开关，具有针对低电压工作优化的耦合器间距
公开(公告)号：US4674829A
公开(公告)日：1987-06-23
申请号：US560472
申请日：1983-12-12
CPC分类号： G02F1/3132 , G02F2203/06 , Y10S359/90
摘要： A process of fabricating an optical directional coupler switch for the TE- and TM-mode polarizations at a given wavelength. Initially, a trial set of waveguide fabrication parameters is used to fabricate a series of channel waveguide directional couplers having the same waveguide spacing and differing interaction lengths. The step is repeated for other waveguide spacings. The power splitting ratio of each directional coupler so fabricated is determined for guided light of one of the polarizations at the given wavelength. For each series of directional couplers having a respective common waveguide spacing, the arctangent of the square root of the power splitting ratio versus the interaction length is graphed and the coupling coefficient for the one polarization is found from the graph slope. The log of the coupling coefficients so determined is graphed versus the corresponding waveguide spacings. The previous three steps are repeated for guided light of the other polarization at the given wavelength. The set of waveguide fabrication parameters is varied and all the steps repeated until the desired set of parameters is arrived at for which the graphs of the log of the coupling coefficients versus the corresponding waveguide spacings for guided light of both polarization at the given wavelength coincide.
摘要翻译： 在给定波长下制造用于TE和TM模极化的光学定向耦合器开关的过程。 最初，使用一组试验波导制造参数来制造具有相同波导间距和不同相互作用长度的一系列通道波导定向耦合器。 对于其他波导间距重复该步骤。 如此制造的每个定向耦合器的功率分配比是在给定波长的偏振之一的引导光下确定的。 对于具有相应公共波导间隔的每一系列定向耦合器，绘制功率分配比的平方根与相互作用长度的反正切，并且从曲线斜率找到一个极化的耦合系数。 如此确定的耦合系数的对数与相应的波导间隔相比较。 对于给定波长的其他极化的引导光，重复前述三个步骤。 波导制造参数的集合是变化的，并且所有步骤重复，直到达到期望的参数集合为止，对于给定波长的两个偏振的引导光，耦合系数的对数对相应的波导间隔的图形重合。
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2.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5416859A
公开(公告)日：1995-05-16
申请号：US46293
申请日：1993-04-14
摘要： A broadband, electrooptic modulator is disclosed which, in a first embodiment, comprises: a substrate having substrate modes, having electrooptic effects, and having a first optical waveguide adapted to receive and transmit light therethrough in a first direction and with a first phase velocity; a buffer layer disposed on the substrate; and a coplanar waveguide electrode structure having a coplanar mode and being disposed on the buffer layer for receiving an electrical signal propagating therethrough in the first direction with a second phase velocity to phase modulate the light in the optical waveguide at a frequency in the range from 0 Hz up to substantially 40 GHz. The substrate has a sufficiently small thickness so that coupling between the coplanar mode of the coplanar waveguide electrode structure and any one of the substrate modes of the substrate substantially does not occur over a desired frequency bandwidth of operation, and the coplanar waveguide electrode structure has a sufficiently large thickness so that the second phase velocity of the electrical signal is substantially equal to the first phase velocity. In a second embodiment of the invention an intensity modulator is produced by adding a second optical waveguide which, in combination with the first optical waveguide, forms an interferometer.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种宽带电光调制器，其在第一实施例中包括：具有电子光学效应的衬底模式的衬底，并且具有适于在第一方向和第一相速度下接收和透射光的第一光波导; 设置在所述基板上的缓冲层; 以及具有共面模式并且设置在缓冲层上的共面波导电极结构，用于接收在第一方向上以第二相速度传播的电信号，以相位调制光波导中的光，频率范围为0 Hz至大致40GHz。 衬底具有足够小的厚度，使得共面波导电极结构的共面模式与衬底的任何一种衬底模式之间的耦合基本上不会在所需的操作频率带宽上发生，并且共面波导电极结构具有 足够大的厚度使得电信号的第二相速度基本上等于第一相速度。 在本发明的第二实施例中，通过添加与第一光波导组合形成干涉仪的第二光波导来产生强度调制器。
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公开(公告)号：US5259061A
公开(公告)日：1993-11-02
申请号：US976742
申请日：1992-11-16
CPC分类号： G02B6/12007 , G02B6/122 , G02B6/125 , G02F1/225 , G02F2203/20
摘要： The manufacture of an optical waveguide device utilizing a fast, accurate method for tuning of the output phase angle of such devices to a desired operating point. Tuning is accomplished by adjusting the accumulated phase along a waveguide arm of the device by removing optical waveguide material using laser ablation. Due to the change in waveguide geometry in the ablated region, the optical phase velocity is changed and thus the optical path length is affected in that section of waveguide, thereby resulting in a change in output phase angle.
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公开(公告)号：US5195163A
公开(公告)日：1993-03-16
申请号：US766939
申请日：1991-09-27
CPC分类号： G02F1/225 , G02B6/122 , G02B6/125 , G02F2203/20
摘要： The manufacture of an optical waveguide device utilizing a fast, accurate method for tuning of the output phase angle of such devices to a desired operating point. Tuning is accomplished by adjusting the accumulated phase along a waveguide arm of the device by removing optical waveguide material using laser ablation. Due to the change in waveguide geometry in the ablated region, the optical phase velocity is changed and thus the optical path length is affected in that section of waveguide, thereby resulting in a change in output phase angle.
摘要翻译： 使用用于将这些装置的输出相位角调谐到期望的操作点的快速，精确的方法的光波导装置的制造。 通过使用激光烧蚀去除光波导材料来调节沿器件的波导臂的累积相位来实现调谐。 由于烧蚀区域中的波导几何形状的变化，光相位速度发生变化，因此光路长度受波导区域的影响，从而导致输出相位角的变化。
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5.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4968110A
公开(公告)日：1990-11-06
申请号：US472934
申请日：1990-01-31
IPC分类号： G02B6/10 , H04B10/135
摘要： An apparatus and method are disclosed for optimizing the modulation efficcy of a remotely-located, polarization-sensitive, integrated optic modulator which is addressed with a non-polarization preserving fiber link. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the polarization state of an input light beam is changed as a function of first and second control signals that are applied to the polarization controller. The non-polarization preserving fiber link conveys the light beam with the changed polarization state to the integrated optic modulator. The integrated optic modulator modulates the light beam with the changed polarization state as a function of any information signal to develop an intensity modulated optical signal. If no information signal is present, the optical signal from the modulator is not modulated. An output fiber conveys the optical signal from the integrated optic modulator to a locally-positioned detector for detection. In response to this input optical signal, the detector develops a first electrical signal that has a peak-to-peak amplitude proportional to any information signal and a second electrical signal proportional to the mean of the optical signal. This second electrical signal is utilized by a control means to controllably develop first and second control signals which force the polarization controller to change the polarization state of the input light beam so that the light beam at the input of the integrated optic modulator is maintained in a preselected polarization state in order to maintain the modulation efficiency of the integrated optic modulator at its optimum level.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于优化用非极化保留光纤链路寻址的远程定位的偏振敏感的集成光调制器的调制效率的装置和方法。 在本发明的优选实施例中，输入光束的偏振状态根据应用于偏振控制器的第一和第二控制信号而改变。 非偏振保留光纤链路将具有改变的偏振态的光束传送到集成光调制器。 集成光学调制器根据任何信息信号调制具有改变的偏振状态的光束，以产生强度调制的光信号。 如果不存在信息信号，则不调制来自调制器的光信号。 输出光纤将光信号从集成光调制器传送到本地定位的检测器进行检测。 响应于该输入光信号，检测器产生具有与任何信号信号成比例的峰 - 峰幅度和与光信号平均成比例的第二电信号的第一电信号。 该第二电信号被控制装置利用以可控制地展开第一和第二控制信号，该第一和第二控制信号迫使偏振控制器改变输入光束的偏振状态，使得集成光调制器的输入处的光束维持在 预选的极化状态，以便将集成光调制器的调制效率保持在其最佳水平。
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