公开(公告)号：US08260566B2

公开(公告)日：2012-09-04

申请号：US12787192

申请日：2010-05-25

申请人： Douglas W. Akers ,  Lyle G. Roybal ,  Hopi Salomon ,  Charles Leroy Williams

发明人： Douglas W. Akers ,  Lyle G. Roybal ,  Hopi Salomon ,  Charles Leroy Williams

IPC分类号： G06F19/00

CPC分类号： G01T1/167

摘要： An apparatus and method relating to screening radioactive waste are disclosed for ensuring that at least one calculated parameter for the measurement data of a sample falls within a range between an upper limit and a lower limit prior to the sample being packaged for disposal. The apparatus includes a radiation detector configured for detecting radioactivity and radionuclide content of the of the sample of radioactive waste and generating measurement data in response thereto, and a collimator including at least one aperture to direct a field of view of the radiation detector. The method includes measuring a radioactive content of a sample, and calculating one or more parameters from the radioactive content of the sample.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种与放射性废物的筛选相关的装置和方法，用于确保样品测量数据的至少一个计算参数落在样品被包装处理之前的上限和下限之间的范围内。 该装置包括：放射线检测器，被配置为检测放射性废物样品的放射性和放射性核素含量，并响应于此产生测量数据;准直器，包括至少一个孔径以引导放射线检测器的视场。 该方法包括测量样品的放射性含量，以及从样品的放射性含量计算一个或多个参数。

公开(公告)号：US08009787B2

公开(公告)日：2011-08-30

申请号：US10869794

申请日：2004-06-15

申请人： Douglas W. Akers

发明人： Douglas W. Akers

IPC分类号： G21G1/12

CPC分类号： G01N23/227

摘要： Non-destructive testing method may include providing a source material that emits positrons in response to bombardment of the source material with photons. The source material is exposed to photons. The source material is positioned adjacent the specimen, the specimen being exposed to at least some of the positrons emitted by the source material. Annihilation gamma rays emitted by the specimen are detected.

摘要翻译： 非破坏性测试方法可以包括提供响应于用光子轰击源材料而发射正电子的源材料。 源材料暴露于光子。 源材料定位在样品附近，样品暴露于源材料发射的至少一些正电子。 检测样品发射的湮灭伽马射线。

公开(公告)号：US20140001365A1

公开(公告)日：2014-01-02

申请号：US13534829

申请日：2012-06-27

申请人： Douglas W. Akers ,  Mark W. Drigert

发明人： Douglas W. Akers ,  Mark W. Drigert

IPC分类号： G01T1/20

CPC分类号： G01T1/2008

摘要： Apparatuses and a related method relating to radiation detection are disclosed. In one embodiment, an apparatus includes a first scintillator and a second scintillator adjacent to the first scintillator, with each of the first scintillator and second scintillator being structured to generate a light pulse responsive to interacting with incident radiation. The first scintillator is further structured to experience full energy deposition of a first low-energy radiation, and permit a second higher-energy radiation to pass therethrough and interact with the second scintillator. The apparatus furthers include a plurality of light-to-electrical converters operably coupled to the second scintillator and configured to convert light pulses generated by the first scintillator and the second scintillator into electrical signals. The first scintillator and the second scintillator exhibit at least one mutually different characteristic for an electronic system to determine whether a given light pulse is generated by the first scintillator or the second scintillator.

摘要翻译： 公开了与辐射检测相关的装置和相关方法。 在一个实施例中，一种装置包括与第一闪烁体相邻的第一闪烁体和第二闪烁体，第一闪烁体和第二闪烁体中的每一个被构造为产生响应于入射辐射的相互作用的光脉冲。 第一闪烁体进一步被构造为经历第一低能量辐射的全部能量沉积，并且允许第二较高能量辐射通过并与第二闪烁体相互作用。 该装置还包括可操作地耦合到第二闪烁体并被配置为将由第一闪烁体和第二闪烁体产生的光脉冲转换成电信号的多个光 - 电转换器。 第一闪烁体和第二闪烁体表现出至少一个相互不同的特征，用于电子系统以确定给定的光脉冲是否由第一闪烁体或第二闪烁体产生。

公开(公告)号：US08031825B2

公开(公告)日：2011-10-04

申请号：US11626473

申请日：2007-01-24

申请人： Douglas W. Akers

发明人： Douglas W. Akers

IPC分类号： G21G1/12

CPC分类号： G01N23/227

摘要： Non-destructive testing apparatus may comprise a photon source and a source material that emits positrons in response to bombardment of the source material with photons. The source material is positionable adjacent the photon source and a specimen so that when the source material is positioned adjacent the photon source it is exposed to photons produced thereby. When the source material is positioned adjacent the specimen, the specimen is exposed to at least some of the positrons emitted by the source material. A detector system positioned adjacent the specimen detects annihilation gamma rays emitted by the specimen. Another embodiment comprises a neutron source and a source material that emits positrons in response to neutron bombardment.

摘要翻译： 非破坏性测试装置可以包括光子源和源材料，其响应于用光子轰击源材料而发射正电子。 源材料可以靠近光子源和样本定位，使得当源材料邻近光子源定位时，其暴露于由此产生的光子。 当源材料定位在样品附近时，样品暴露于源材料发射的至少一些正电子。 位于样本附近的检测器系统检测由样本发射的湮灭伽马射线。 另一实施例包括中子源和源反应于中子轰击发射正电子的源材料。

公开(公告)号：US20110163237A1

公开(公告)日：2011-07-07

申请号：US12683904

申请日：2010-01-07

申请人： Douglas W. Akers ,  Mark W. Drigert

发明人： Douglas W. Akers ,  Mark W. Drigert

IPC分类号： G01T1/20 ,  G01T1/203 ,  G01T1/208

CPC分类号： G01T1/208 ,  G01T1/2008 ,  G01T1/203

摘要： An apparatus, method, and system relating to radiation detection of low-energy beta particles are disclosed. An embodiment a radiation detector with a first scintillator and a second scintillator operably coupled to each other. The first scintillator and the second scintillator are each structured to generate a light pulse responsive to interaction with beta particles. The first scintillator is structured to experience full energy deposition of low-energy beta particles, and permit a higher-energy beta particle to pass therethrough and interact with the second scintillator. The radiation detector further includes a light-to-electrical converter operably coupled to the second scintillator and configured to convert light pulses generated by the first scintillator and the second scintillator into electrical signals. The first scintillator and the second scintillator have at least one mutually different characteristic to enable an electronic system to determine whether a given light pulse is generated in the first scintillator or the second scintillator.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种与低能β粒子辐射检测有关的装置，方法和系统。 实施例一种具有可操作地彼此耦合的第一闪烁体和第二闪烁体的辐射检测器。 第一闪烁体和第二闪烁体各自构造成响应于与β粒子的相互作用产生光脉冲。 第一个闪烁体被构造为经历低能量β粒子的全部能量沉积，并允许较高能量的β粒子通过并与第二个闪烁体相互作用。 辐射检测器还包括可操作地耦合到第二闪烁体并被配置为将由第一闪烁体和第二闪烁器产生的光脉冲转换成电信号的光电转换器。 第一闪烁体和第二闪烁体具有至少一个相互不同的特征，以使得电子系统能够确定在第一闪烁体或第二闪烁体中是否产生给定的光脉冲。

公开(公告)号：US07058153B2

公开(公告)日：2006-06-06

申请号：US10269807

申请日：2002-10-10

申请人： Douglas W. Akers

发明人： Douglas W. Akers

IPC分类号： G21G1/12

CPC分类号： G01T1/2985

摘要： A non-destructive testing method comprises providing a specimen having at least one positron emitter therein; determining a threshold energy for activating the positron emitter; and determining whether a half-life of the positron emitter is less than a selected half-life. If the half-life of the positron emitter is greater than or equal to the selected half-life, then activating the positron emitter by bombarding the specimen with photons having energies greater than the threshold energy and detecting gamma rays produced by annihilation of positrons in the specimen. If the half-life of the positron emitter is less then the selected half-life, then alternately activating the positron emitter by bombarding the specimen with photons having energies greater then the threshold energy and detecting gamma rays produced by positron annihilation within the specimen.

摘要翻译： 非破坏性测试方法包括提供其中具有至少一个正电子发射器的样本; 确定用于激活正电子发射器的阈值能量; 并确定正电子发射器的半衰期是否小于选定的半衰期。 如果正电子发射体的半衰期大于或等于所选择的半衰期，则通过用能量大于阈值能量的光子轰击样品来激活正电子发射体，并检测在正电子发生器中消除正电子产生的γ射线 标本。 如果正电子发射体的半衰期小于所选择的半衰期，则通过用能量大于阈值能量的光子轰击样品，并检测样品内正电子湮灭产生的γ射线，交替激活正电子发射体。

公开(公告)号：US06178218B1

公开(公告)日：2001-01-23

申请号：US09314602

申请日：1999-05-19

申请人： Douglas W. Akers ,  Arthur B. Denison

发明人： Douglas W. Akers ,  Arthur B. Denison

IPC分类号： G21G100

CPC分类号： G01N23/222 ,  G21G1/12

摘要： A method is provided for performing nondestructive examination of a metal specimen using neutron activated positron annihilation wherein the positron emitter source is formed within the metal specimen. The method permits in situ nondestructive examination and has the advantage of being capable of performing bulk analysis to determine embrittlement, fatigue and dislocation within a metal specimen.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种使用中子活化的正电子湮灭对金属样品进行非破坏性检查的方法，其中在金属样品内形成正电子发射源。 该方法允许原位非破坏性检查，并且具有能够进行批量分析以确定金属样品中的脆化，疲劳和位错的优点。

公开(公告)号：US09018586B2

公开(公告)日：2015-04-28

申请号：US13534829

申请日：2012-06-27

申请人： Douglas W. Akers ,  Mark W. Drigert

发明人： Douglas W. Akers ,  Mark W. Drigert

IPC分类号： G01T1/10 ,  G01T1/20

CPC分类号： G01T1/2008

摘要： Apparatuses and a related method relating to radiation detection are disclosed. In one embodiment, an apparatus includes a first scintillator and a second scintillator adjacent to the first scintillator, with each of the first scintillator and second scintillator being structured to generate a light pulse responsive to interacting with incident radiation. The first scintillator is further structured to experience full energy deposition of a first low-energy radiation, and permit a second higher-energy radiation to pass therethrough and interact with the second scintillator. The apparatus further includes a plurality of light-to-electrical converters operably coupled to the second scintillator and configured to convert light pulses generated by the first scintillator and the second scintillator into electrical signals. The first scintillator and the second scintillator exhibit at least one mutually different characteristic for an electronic system to determine whether a given light pulse is generated by the first scintillator or the second scintillator.

摘要翻译： 公开了与辐射检测相关的装置和相关方法。 在一个实施例中，一种装置包括与第一闪烁体相邻的第一闪烁体和第二闪烁体，第一闪烁体和第二闪烁体中的每一个被构造为产生响应于入射辐射的相互作用的光脉冲。 第一闪烁体进一步被构造为经历第一低能量辐射的全部能量沉积，并且允许第二较高能量辐射通过并与第二闪烁体相互作用。 该装置还包括可操作地耦合到第二闪烁体并被配置为将由第一闪烁体和第二闪烁器产生的光脉冲转换成电信号的多个光 - 电转换器。 第一闪烁体和第二闪烁体表现出至少一个相互不同的特征，用于电子系统以确定给定的光脉冲是否由第一闪烁体或第二闪烁体产生。

公开(公告)号：US07231011B2

公开(公告)日：2007-06-12

申请号：US09932531

申请日：2001-08-17

申请人： Douglas W. Akers

发明人： Douglas W. Akers

IPC分类号： G21G1/12

CPC分类号： G01T1/2985

摘要： Non-destructive testing apparatus according to one embodiment of the invention comprises a photon source. The photon source produces photons having predetermined energies and directs the photons toward a specimen being tested. The photons from the photon source result in the creation of positrons within the specimen being tested. A detector positioned adjacent the specimen being tested detects gamma rays produced by annihilation of positrons with electrons. A data processing system operatively associated with the detector produces output data indicative of a lattice characteristic of the specimen being tested.

摘要翻译： 根据本发明的一个实施例的非破坏性测试装置包括光子源。 光子源产生具有预定能量的光子并将光子引向被测试的样品。 来自光子源的光子导致在正被测试的样品内产生正电子。 位于被测试样本附近的检测器检测到用电子湮灭正电子产生的伽马射线。 与检测器可操作地相关联的数据处理系统产生指示被测样品的晶格特性的输出数据。

公开(公告)号：US08274056B2

公开(公告)日：2012-09-25

申请号：US12683904

申请日：2010-01-07

申请人： Douglas W. Akers ,  Mark W. Drigert

发明人： Douglas W. Akers ,  Mark W. Drigert

IPC分类号： G01T1/20

CPC分类号： G01T1/208 ,  G01T1/2008 ,  G01T1/203

摘要： An apparatus, method, and system relating to radiation detection of low-energy beta particles are disclosed. An embodiment includes a radiation detector with a first scintillator and a second scintillator operably coupled to each other. The first scintillator and the second scintillator are each structured to generate a light pulse responsive to interaction with beta particles. The first scintillator is structured to experience full energy deposition of low-energy beta particles, and permit a higher-energy beta particle to pass therethrough and interact with the second scintillator. The radiation detector further includes a light-to-electrical converter operably coupled to the second scintillator and configured to convert light pulses generated by the first scintillator and the second scintillator into electrical signals. The first scintillator and the second scintillator have at least one mutually different characteristic to enable an electronic system to determine whether a given light pulse is generated in the first scintillator or the second scintillator.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种与低能β粒子辐射检测有关的装置，方法和系统。 实施例包括具有可操作地彼此耦合的第一闪烁体和第二闪烁体的辐射检测器。 第一闪烁体和第二闪烁体各自构造成响应于与β粒子的相互作用产生光脉冲。 第一个闪烁体被构造为经历低能量β粒子的全部能量沉积，并允许较高能量的β粒子通过并与第二个闪烁体相互作用。 辐射检测器还包括可操作地耦合到第二闪烁体并被配置为将由第一闪烁体和第二闪烁器产生的光脉冲转换成电信号的光电转换器。 第一闪烁体和第二闪烁体具有至少一个相互不同的特征，以使得电子系统能够确定在第一闪烁体或第二闪烁体中是否产生给定的光脉冲。