公开(公告)号：US09018586B2

公开(公告)日：2015-04-28

申请号：US13534829

申请日：2012-06-27

申请人： Douglas W. Akers ,  Mark W. Drigert

发明人： Douglas W. Akers ,  Mark W. Drigert

IPC分类号： G01T1/10 ,  G01T1/20

CPC分类号： G01T1/2008

摘要： Apparatuses and a related method relating to radiation detection are disclosed. In one embodiment, an apparatus includes a first scintillator and a second scintillator adjacent to the first scintillator, with each of the first scintillator and second scintillator being structured to generate a light pulse responsive to interacting with incident radiation. The first scintillator is further structured to experience full energy deposition of a first low-energy radiation, and permit a second higher-energy radiation to pass therethrough and interact with the second scintillator. The apparatus further includes a plurality of light-to-electrical converters operably coupled to the second scintillator and configured to convert light pulses generated by the first scintillator and the second scintillator into electrical signals. The first scintillator and the second scintillator exhibit at least one mutually different characteristic for an electronic system to determine whether a given light pulse is generated by the first scintillator or the second scintillator.

摘要翻译： 公开了与辐射检测相关的装置和相关方法。 在一个实施例中，一种装置包括与第一闪烁体相邻的第一闪烁体和第二闪烁体，第一闪烁体和第二闪烁体中的每一个被构造为产生响应于入射辐射的相互作用的光脉冲。 第一闪烁体进一步被构造为经历第一低能量辐射的全部能量沉积，并且允许第二较高能量辐射通过并与第二闪烁体相互作用。 该装置还包括可操作地耦合到第二闪烁体并被配置为将由第一闪烁体和第二闪烁器产生的光脉冲转换成电信号的多个光 - 电转换器。 第一闪烁体和第二闪烁体表现出至少一个相互不同的特征，用于电子系统以确定给定的光脉冲是否由第一闪烁体或第二闪烁体产生。

公开(公告)号：US20140001365A1

公开(公告)日：2014-01-02

申请号：US13534829

申请日：2012-06-27

申请人： Douglas W. Akers ,  Mark W. Drigert

发明人： Douglas W. Akers ,  Mark W. Drigert

IPC分类号： G01T1/20

CPC分类号： G01T1/2008

摘要： Apparatuses and a related method relating to radiation detection are disclosed. In one embodiment, an apparatus includes a first scintillator and a second scintillator adjacent to the first scintillator, with each of the first scintillator and second scintillator being structured to generate a light pulse responsive to interacting with incident radiation. The first scintillator is further structured to experience full energy deposition of a first low-energy radiation, and permit a second higher-energy radiation to pass therethrough and interact with the second scintillator. The apparatus furthers include a plurality of light-to-electrical converters operably coupled to the second scintillator and configured to convert light pulses generated by the first scintillator and the second scintillator into electrical signals. The first scintillator and the second scintillator exhibit at least one mutually different characteristic for an electronic system to determine whether a given light pulse is generated by the first scintillator or the second scintillator.

摘要翻译： 公开了与辐射检测相关的装置和相关方法。 在一个实施例中，一种装置包括与第一闪烁体相邻的第一闪烁体和第二闪烁体，第一闪烁体和第二闪烁体中的每一个被构造为产生响应于入射辐射的相互作用的光脉冲。 第一闪烁体进一步被构造为经历第一低能量辐射的全部能量沉积，并且允许第二较高能量辐射通过并与第二闪烁体相互作用。 该装置还包括可操作地耦合到第二闪烁体并被配置为将由第一闪烁体和第二闪烁体产生的光脉冲转换成电信号的多个光 - 电转换器。 第一闪烁体和第二闪烁体表现出至少一个相互不同的特征，用于电子系统以确定给定的光脉冲是否由第一闪烁体或第二闪烁体产生。

公开(公告)号：US20110163237A1

公开(公告)日：2011-07-07

申请号：US12683904

申请日：2010-01-07

申请人： Douglas W. Akers ,  Mark W. Drigert

发明人： Douglas W. Akers ,  Mark W. Drigert

IPC分类号： G01T1/20 ,  G01T1/203 ,  G01T1/208

CPC分类号： G01T1/208 ,  G01T1/2008 ,  G01T1/203

摘要： An apparatus, method, and system relating to radiation detection of low-energy beta particles are disclosed. An embodiment a radiation detector with a first scintillator and a second scintillator operably coupled to each other. The first scintillator and the second scintillator are each structured to generate a light pulse responsive to interaction with beta particles. The first scintillator is structured to experience full energy deposition of low-energy beta particles, and permit a higher-energy beta particle to pass therethrough and interact with the second scintillator. The radiation detector further includes a light-to-electrical converter operably coupled to the second scintillator and configured to convert light pulses generated by the first scintillator and the second scintillator into electrical signals. The first scintillator and the second scintillator have at least one mutually different characteristic to enable an electronic system to determine whether a given light pulse is generated in the first scintillator or the second scintillator.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种与低能β粒子辐射检测有关的装置，方法和系统。 实施例一种具有可操作地彼此耦合的第一闪烁体和第二闪烁体的辐射检测器。 第一闪烁体和第二闪烁体各自构造成响应于与β粒子的相互作用产生光脉冲。 第一个闪烁体被构造为经历低能量β粒子的全部能量沉积，并允许较高能量的β粒子通过并与第二个闪烁体相互作用。 辐射检测器还包括可操作地耦合到第二闪烁体并被配置为将由第一闪烁体和第二闪烁器产生的光脉冲转换成电信号的光电转换器。 第一闪烁体和第二闪烁体具有至少一个相互不同的特征，以使得电子系统能够确定在第一闪烁体或第二闪烁体中是否产生给定的光脉冲。

公开(公告)号：US08274056B2

公开(公告)日：2012-09-25

申请号：US12683904

申请日：2010-01-07

申请人： Douglas W. Akers ,  Mark W. Drigert

发明人： Douglas W. Akers ,  Mark W. Drigert

IPC分类号： G01T1/20

CPC分类号： G01T1/208 ,  G01T1/2008 ,  G01T1/203

摘要： An apparatus, method, and system relating to radiation detection of low-energy beta particles are disclosed. An embodiment includes a radiation detector with a first scintillator and a second scintillator operably coupled to each other. The first scintillator and the second scintillator are each structured to generate a light pulse responsive to interaction with beta particles. The first scintillator is structured to experience full energy deposition of low-energy beta particles, and permit a higher-energy beta particle to pass therethrough and interact with the second scintillator. The radiation detector further includes a light-to-electrical converter operably coupled to the second scintillator and configured to convert light pulses generated by the first scintillator and the second scintillator into electrical signals. The first scintillator and the second scintillator have at least one mutually different characteristic to enable an electronic system to determine whether a given light pulse is generated in the first scintillator or the second scintillator.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种与低能β粒子辐射检测有关的装置，方法和系统。 实施例包括具有可操作地彼此耦合的第一闪烁体和第二闪烁体的辐射检测器。 第一闪烁体和第二闪烁体各自构造成响应于与β粒子的相互作用产生光脉冲。 第一个闪烁体被构造为经历低能量β粒子的全部能量沉积，并允许较高能量的β粒子通过并与第二个闪烁体相互作用。 辐射检测器还包括可操作地耦合到第二闪烁体并被配置为将由第一闪烁体和第二闪烁器产生的光脉冲转换成电信号的光电转换器。 第一闪烁体和第二闪烁体具有至少一个相互不同的特征，以使得电子系统能够确定在第一闪烁体或第二闪烁体中是否产生给定的光脉冲。

公开(公告)号：US08260566B2

公开(公告)日：2012-09-04

申请号：US12787192

申请日：2010-05-25

申请人： Douglas W. Akers ,  Lyle G. Roybal ,  Hopi Salomon ,  Charles Leroy Williams

发明人： Douglas W. Akers ,  Lyle G. Roybal ,  Hopi Salomon ,  Charles Leroy Williams

IPC分类号： G06F19/00

CPC分类号： G01T1/167

摘要： An apparatus and method relating to screening radioactive waste are disclosed for ensuring that at least one calculated parameter for the measurement data of a sample falls within a range between an upper limit and a lower limit prior to the sample being packaged for disposal. The apparatus includes a radiation detector configured for detecting radioactivity and radionuclide content of the of the sample of radioactive waste and generating measurement data in response thereto, and a collimator including at least one aperture to direct a field of view of the radiation detector. The method includes measuring a radioactive content of a sample, and calculating one or more parameters from the radioactive content of the sample.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种与放射性废物的筛选相关的装置和方法，用于确保样品测量数据的至少一个计算参数落在样品被包装处理之前的上限和下限之间的范围内。 该装置包括：放射线检测器，被配置为检测放射性废物样品的放射性和放射性核素含量，并响应于此产生测量数据;准直器，包括至少一个孔径以引导放射线检测器的视场。 该方法包括测量样品的放射性含量，以及从样品的放射性含量计算一个或多个参数。

公开(公告)号：US08009787B2

公开(公告)日：2011-08-30

申请号：US10869794

申请日：2004-06-15

申请人： Douglas W. Akers

发明人： Douglas W. Akers

IPC分类号： G21G1/12

CPC分类号： G01N23/227

摘要： Non-destructive testing method may include providing a source material that emits positrons in response to bombardment of the source material with photons. The source material is exposed to photons. The source material is positioned adjacent the specimen, the specimen being exposed to at least some of the positrons emitted by the source material. Annihilation gamma rays emitted by the specimen are detected.

摘要翻译： 非破坏性测试方法可以包括提供响应于用光子轰击源材料而发射正电子的源材料。 源材料暴露于光子。 源材料定位在样品附近，样品暴露于源材料发射的至少一些正电子。 检测样品发射的湮灭伽马射线。

公开(公告)号：US07231011B2

公开(公告)日：2007-06-12

申请号：US09932531

申请日：2001-08-17

申请人： Douglas W. Akers

发明人： Douglas W. Akers

IPC分类号： G21G1/12

CPC分类号： G01T1/2985

摘要： Non-destructive testing apparatus according to one embodiment of the invention comprises a photon source. The photon source produces photons having predetermined energies and directs the photons toward a specimen being tested. The photons from the photon source result in the creation of positrons within the specimen being tested. A detector positioned adjacent the specimen being tested detects gamma rays produced by annihilation of positrons with electrons. A data processing system operatively associated with the detector produces output data indicative of a lattice characteristic of the specimen being tested.

摘要翻译： 根据本发明的一个实施例的非破坏性测试装置包括光子源。 光子源产生具有预定能量的光子并将光子引向被测试的样品。 来自光子源的光子导致在正被测试的样品内产生正电子。 位于被测试样本附近的检测器检测到用电子湮灭正电子产生的伽马射线。 与检测器可操作地相关联的数据处理系统产生指示被测样品的晶格特性的输出数据。

公开(公告)号：US07750325B2

公开(公告)日：2010-07-06

申请号：US11946512

申请日：2007-11-28

申请人： Douglas W. Akers

发明人： Douglas W. Akers

IPC分类号： G21G4/00 ,  G21G5/00 ,  A61N5/00 ,  G01J1/00

CPC分类号： H05H6/00 ,  H05H1/02

摘要： Apparatus for producing and storing positrons may include a trap that defines an interior chamber therein and that contains an electric field and a magnetic field. The trap may further include a source material that includes atoms that, when activated by photon bombardment, become positron emitters to produce positrons. The trap may also include a moderator positioned adjacent the source material. A photon source is positioned adjacent the trap so that photons produced by the photon source bombard the source material to produce the positron emitters. Positrons from the positron emitters and moderated positrons from the moderator are confined within the interior chamber of the trap by the electric and magnetic fields. Apparatus for producing and storing protons are also disclosed.

摘要翻译： 用于产生和存储正电子的装置可以包括在其中限定内部室并且包含电场和磁场的阱。 阱可以进一步包括源材料，其包括当通过光子轰击激活时成为正电子发射体以产生正电子的原子。 陷阱还可以包括邻近源材料定位的调节器。 光子源位于陷阱附近，使得由光子源产生的光子轰击源材料以产生正电子发射器。 来自正电子发射体的正电子和来自调节剂的调节正电子通过电场和磁场被限制在陷阱的内部室内。 还公开了用于生产和存储质子的装置。

公开(公告)号：US07630469B2

公开(公告)日：2009-12-08

申请号：US10788743

申请日：2004-02-25

申请人： Douglas W. Akers

发明人： Douglas W. Akers

IPC分类号： G21G1/12

CPC分类号： G01T1/2985 ,  G01N23/095 ,  G01N23/22

摘要： A method for evaluating a material specimen comprises: Mounting a neutron source and a detector adjacent the material specimen; bombarding the material specimen with neutrons from the neutron source to create prompt gamma rays within the material specimen, some of the prompt gamma rays being emitted from the material specimen, some of the prompt gamma rays resulting in the formation of positrons within the material specimen by pair production; collecting positron annihilation data by detecting with the detector at least one emitted annihilation gamma ray resulting from the annihilation of a positron; storing the positron annihilation data on a data storage system for later retrieval and processing; and continuing to collect and store positron annihilation data, the continued collected and stored positron annihilation data being indicative of an accumulation of lattice damage over time.

摘要翻译： 一种用于评价材料试样的方法包括：将中子源和检测器安装在材料试样附近; 用来自中子源的中子轰击材料样品，以在材料样品内产生迅速的伽马射线，从材料样品中发出一些快速伽马射线，一些迅速的伽马射线导致材料样品内的正电子形成， 配对生产; 通过用检测器检测由正电子的湮灭产生的至少一个发射的湮灭伽马射线来收集正电子湮灭数据; 将正电子湮灭数据存储在数据存储系统上用于以后的检索和处理; 并且继续收集和存储正电子湮灭数据，继续收集和存储的正电子湮灭数据表示随时间的晶格损伤的累积。

公开(公告)号：US08031825B2

公开(公告)日：2011-10-04

申请号：US11626473

申请日：2007-01-24

申请人： Douglas W. Akers

发明人： Douglas W. Akers

IPC分类号： G21G1/12

CPC分类号： G01N23/227

摘要： Non-destructive testing apparatus may comprise a photon source and a source material that emits positrons in response to bombardment of the source material with photons. The source material is positionable adjacent the photon source and a specimen so that when the source material is positioned adjacent the photon source it is exposed to photons produced thereby. When the source material is positioned adjacent the specimen, the specimen is exposed to at least some of the positrons emitted by the source material. A detector system positioned adjacent the specimen detects annihilation gamma rays emitted by the specimen. Another embodiment comprises a neutron source and a source material that emits positrons in response to neutron bombardment.

摘要翻译： 非破坏性测试装置可以包括光子源和源材料，其响应于用光子轰击源材料而发射正电子。 源材料可以靠近光子源和样本定位，使得当源材料邻近光子源定位时，其暴露于由此产生的光子。 当源材料定位在样品附近时，样品暴露于源材料发射的至少一些正电子。 位于样本附近的检测器系统检测由样本发射的湮灭伽马射线。 另一实施例包括中子源和源反应于中子轰击发射正电子的源材料。