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    Self-breaking viscous aqueous solutions and the use thereof in fracturing subterranean formations
    3.
    发明授权
    Self-breaking viscous aqueous solutions and the use thereof in fracturing subterranean formations 失效
    断裂粘性水溶液及其在压裂地下地层中的应用

    公开(公告)号：US3960736A

    公开(公告)日：1976-06-01

    申请号：US475702

    申请日：1974-06-03

    申请人： Dustin L. Free ,  Karl L. Krumel ,  Travis C. Snyder

    发明人： Dustin L. Free ,  Karl L. Krumel ,  Travis C. Snyder

    IPC分类号： C09K8/62 ,  E21B43/26

    CPC分类号： C09K8/62 ,  E21B43/26 ,  Y10S507/921 ,  Y10S507/922

    摘要： Viscous aqueous solutions are prepared which maintain a certain viscosity range over a predetermined period of time (i.e., induction period) and which thereafter break, i.e., decrease in viscosity over a very short period of time. The viscous aqueous solution comprises a polysaccharide having an ability to thicken water and dispersed or dissolved in the aqueous solution an effective quantity of an organic ester which, at a temperature at which it is desired to break the viscous solution, hydrolyzes over a delayed period of time to form an acid which degrades the polysaccharide, thus causing a splitting of the polysaccharide chain and a decrease in the viscosity of the solution.

    摘要翻译： 制备粘性水溶液，其在预定时间段（即诱导期）内保持一定的粘度范围，其后破裂，即在非常短的时间内降低粘度。 粘性水溶液包含具有增稠水分散或溶解在水溶液中的能力的多糖，有效量的有机酯，其在期望破坏粘稠溶液的温度下，在延迟的时间内水解 形成降解多糖的酸的时间，从而导致多糖链的分裂和溶液的粘度降低。

    Method of well completion with casing gel
    4.
    发明授权
    Method of well completion with casing gel 失效
    用套管凝胶完成的方法

    公开(公告)号：US4257483A

    公开(公告)日：1981-03-24

    申请号：US2772

    申请日：1979-01-11

    申请人： Earl F. Morris ,  Dustin L. Free ,  Roland L. Root ,  Thomas J. Griffin, Jr.

    发明人： Earl F. Morris ,  Dustin L. Free ,  Roland L. Root ,  Thomas J. Griffin, Jr.

    IPC分类号： C04B28/26 ,  E21B31/03 ,  E21B33/14

    CPC分类号： C04B28/26 ,  E21B31/03

    摘要： A method of well completion is provided which enables much of the well casing to be later recovered from the well in the event the well is later abandoned, or where intermediate casing must be run during drilling of the well but may later be removed when the liner is in place. The well is completed by any of several embodiments of manipulative steps, leaving the lower portion of the annulus filled with a conventional cementitious material and the upper portion of the annulus filled with an aqueous gel comprising effective quantities of water, a water soluble alkali metal silicate, and a water soluble metal compound capable of releasing a multivalent metal cation to react with the water soluble silicate. An economically significant portion of the casing can thereafter be recovered if necessary after first severing the casing above that portion adjacent the set cementitious material. Where an intermediate string of casing is employed only to facilitate drilling the remainder of the well, the cement may be omitted with respect to the intermediate string as is known in the art.

    摘要翻译： 提供了一种完井的方法，其可以在井稍后被废弃的情况下或者在井的钻井期间必须运行中间套管的情况下随后从井中回收井的大部分井，但是当衬管 到位 通过操作步骤的几个实施例中的任何一个完成井，留下环状物的下部填充有常规水泥质材料，并且填充有水凝胶的环空的上部，其包含有效量的水，水溶性碱金属硅酸盐 ，以及能够释放多价金属阳离子与水溶性硅酸盐反应的水溶性金属化合物。 之后，如果需要，首先将套管切断在靠近凝固水泥材料的部分上方，则可以回收经济上重要的套管部分。 在仅使用中间套管套筒以便于钻井的其余部分的情况下，如本领域已知的那样，可以相对于中间管柱省略水泥。

    Fracturing subterranean formation
    5.
    发明授权
    Fracturing subterranean formation 失效
    压裂地层

    公开(公告)号：US3974077A

    公开(公告)日：1976-08-10

    申请号：US507520

    申请日：1974-09-19

    申请人： Dustin L. Free

    发明人： Dustin L. Free

    IPC分类号： C09K8/68 ,  E21B43/26

    CPC分类号： C09K8/685 ,  E21B43/26 ,  Y10S507/903 ,  Y10S507/922

    摘要： As an aqueous fracturing fluid is pumped into a well bore penetrating a subterranean formation a galactomannan gum, a buffer which promotes an initial acidic pH in the fluid, a borate ion releasing compound and a compound which functions to shift the pH of the fluid to the basic side after a certain short period of time are dispersed into the fluid. The resulting viscous fracturing fluid is employed to fracture a subterranean formation to, for example, stimulate the flow of fluids therefrom.

    摘要翻译： 由于水性压裂液被泵送入穿透地下地层的井眼中，所述半乳甘露聚糖胶，促进流体中的初始酸性pH的缓冲剂，释放硼酸根离子的化合物和使流体pH变为 一段时间后的基本面分散在流体中。 所得到的粘性压裂流体用于将地层破裂为例如刺激流体的流动。

    Reduction of water production from hydrocarbon containing subsurface formations
    6.
    发明授权
    Reduction of water production from hydrocarbon containing subsurface formations 失效
    从含烃地下地层减少产水量

    公开(公告)号：US4290485A

    公开(公告)日：1981-09-22

    申请号：US251345

    申请日：1972-05-08

    申请人： Dustin L. Free ,  Howard M. Phillips

    发明人： Dustin L. Free ,  Howard M. Phillips

    IPC分类号： C09K8/88 ,  E21B43/26 ,  E21B33/138 ,  E21B43/27

    CPC分类号： C09K8/887 ,  E21B43/261

    摘要： To reduce the production of water from a subsurface hydrocarbon-bearing interval of a formation the producing interval of the formation is treated with an aqueous solution or sol of a high molecular weight, water soluble polyacrylamide (PAM). The polymer which is absorbed in the formation is crosslinked in situ, e.g. by subsequently flushing the formation with a crosslinking solution.

    摘要翻译： 为了从形成地下含烃区间减少水的产生，用高分子量水溶性聚丙烯酰胺（PAM）的水溶液或溶胶处理地层的产生间隔。 在地层中吸收的聚合物原位交联，例如。 随后用交联溶液冲洗地层。