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6 条记录 (耗时 0.015 秒)

    Smelting of iron ore with partially dried lignite
    1.
    发明授权
    Smelting of iron ore with partially dried lignite 失效
    用部分干燥的褐煤冶炼铁矿石

    公开(公告)号：US4132546A

    公开(公告)日：1979-01-02

    申请号：US855974

    申请日：1977-11-30

    申请人： Edward S. Roberts

    发明人： Edward S. Roberts

    IPC分类号： C21B5/00

    CPC分类号： C21B5/007 ,  Y02P10/122

    摘要： Improved production of pig iron is effected with lump lignite or sub-bituminous coal that have been heated in hot water or steam under elevated pressure sufficient so that water does not change into steam. High moisture content lignite and sub-bituminous coal, which normally cannot be used in blast furnaces because of slacking, are partially dried by this treatment. For example, lumps of lignite or sub-bituminous coal with moisture contents of 30% to over 50%, have the moisture content reduced to from about 15% to 25% by this treatment and shrink in size and become much harder so that they do not slack and can be used in conventional lump size in blast furnaces. The temperature of heating with water or steam is preferably about 210.degree. C to 218.degree. C. The blast furnace is preferably operated with oxygen and steam though preheated air may be used.

    摘要翻译： 生铁的改进生产是通过在热水中加热的块状褐煤或次烟煤进行的，足够高的压力使得水不会变成蒸汽。 通常由于松弛而通常不能用于高炉中的高含水量的褐煤和次烟煤通过该处理被部分干燥。 例如，水分含量为30％至超过50％的褐煤或次烟煤块通过这种处理使水分含量降低到约15％至25％，并且尺寸缩小并变得更加困难，因此它们 不松弛，可以用于高炉中常规的块状尺寸。 用水或蒸汽加热的温度优选为约210℃至218℃。尽管可以使用预热的空气，但优选用氧气和蒸汽操作高炉。

    Flash smelting of iron with production of hydrogen of hydrogenation quality
    2.
    发明授权
    Flash smelting of iron with production of hydrogen of hydrogenation quality 失效
    闪锌冶炼生产氢气加氢质量

    公开(公告)号：US4062673A

    公开(公告)日：1977-12-13

    申请号：US705620

    申请日：1976-07-15

    申请人： Edward S. Roberts

    发明人： Edward S. Roberts

    IPC分类号： C01B3/12 ,  C21B13/00 ,  C21B11/00

    CPC分类号： C21B13/0026 ,  C01B3/12 ,  Y02P10/122 ,  Y02P10/126 ,  Y02P10/128 ,  Y02P10/265 ,  Y02P10/283

    摘要： Comminuted iron ore, which may be pre-reduced partly or wholly if desired, is flash smelted in a vertical shaft furnace with excess carbon, and off gases are produced from which a large amount of hydrogen is recovered. The major portion of hydrogen is a product gas which can be used for reactions, such as the production of ammonia, hydrogenation of coal, and the like, or it may be used as a cooling agent for electric generators and the like.

    摘要翻译： 如果需要，可以部分或全部预还原的铁矿石在具有过量碳的立式竖炉中闪蒸，并且产生从其中回收大量氢的废气。 氢的主要部分是可用于反应的产物气体，例如氨的生产，煤的氢化等，或者可以用作发电机等的冷却剂。

    Waste heat recovery system
    3.
    发明授权
    Waste heat recovery system 失效

    公开(公告)号：US3995428A

    公开(公告)日：1976-12-07

    申请号：US571212

    申请日：1975-04-24

    申请人： Edward S. Roberts

    发明人： Edward S. Roberts

    IPC分类号： F01K21/00 ,  F01K23/04 ,  F03G4/06 ,  F03G7/04 ,  F03G7/00

    CPC分类号： F01K21/005 ,  F01K23/04 ,  F03G7/04 ,  Y02E10/10

    摘要： Waste heat in the form of the sensible heat of flue gases, sensible and latent heat of geothermal sources, etc., is converted to usable energy. When the energy source consists solely of sensible heat of a gas or a liquid which is not the working fluid, the liquid working fluid is heated by the energy source and then expanded in a hot liquid turbine wherein partial vaporization occurs with decrease in pressure. The working fluid is thereby accelerated as thermal energy is converted to kinetic energy and internal energy of the vapor. The hot liquid turbine can be a hot liquid impulse turbine wherein the expansion occurs in the inlet nozzles and the mixed phase working fluid then impinges on the moving buckets of the impulse turbine transferring the kinetic energy to shaft work. Within each impulse turbine casing the working fluid, at greatly reduced velocity, undergoes phase separation, the vapor going to a vapor turbine for expansion and the liquid going to a following stage of nozzle expansion in an impulse turbine to a final stage of condensation and liquid recycle. Each of a sequence of expansion stages includes a pairing of impulse turbine expansion and vapor turbine expansion both within the same limits of pressure. The first stage of the sequence need not include a vapor expander when the energy source includes only sensible heat. When the energy source is one which requires recovery over a temperature range such that multiple working fluids are used to advantage the latent heat in the combined vapors of the final stage expansion of one working fluid is utilized to evaporate an equivalent amount of the second working fluid. The vapor so generated is then expanded in a vapor turbine paired if need be with impulse turbine expansion in the first expansion stage of the second working fluid. Liquid for expansion in this stage is brought to saturation temperature by heat exchanged from the energy source. Water is a preferred working fluid within the temperature range of 66.degree. to 260.degree. C. and may be used from ambient to its critical temperature. A working fluid of lower volatility is preferred for stages at higher temperature and a more volatile working fluid for the stages at lower temperature. Vapor from the lowest temperature stage is condensed by exchange with a heat sink and all condensate from the final stage of each working fluid is recycled in heat exchange with the energy source. In energy recovery from a geothermal source the energy source may be the working fluid, as hot water, for expansion in the first stage impulse turbine or, as vapor, for the first stage vapor turbine. If the geothermal source is not suitable as a working fluid, the energy may be recovered from the hot liquid by heat exchange with pressurized liquid working fluid.

    Refrigeration system using enthalpy converting liquid turbines
    6.
    发明授权
    Refrigeration system using enthalpy converting liquid turbines 失效
    使用焓转换液体涡轮机的制冷系统

    公开(公告)号：US4019343A

    公开(公告)日：1977-04-26

    申请号：US679690

    申请日：1976-04-23

    申请人： Edward S. Roberts

    发明人： Edward S. Roberts

    IPC分类号： F25B1/10 ,  F25B11/00

    CPC分类号： F25B11/00 ,  F25B1/10 ,  F25B2400/13 ,  F25B2400/23

    摘要： A refrigeration system in which refrigerant liquid is cooled by self-evaporation and is used for refrigerating in the liquid form, in which the self-evaporation is in stages, each having a vapor compressor, the expansion taking place in enthalpy converting liquid turbines instead of permitting partial vaporization through valves into vapor separators. The enthalpy converting liquid turbines are much more efficient than the adiabatic liquid expansion which is customarily used in refrigeration systems in which a cold liquid cooled by the expansion is evaporated to absorb heat and thus to provide cooling. There is much less irreversibility and hence increase in entropy is reduced, especially when removal of super heat from the compressed vapors in each stage is effected by quenching with a small portion of the refrigerant liquid. A good portion of this heat is recovered as mechanical energy in the enthalpy converting turbines. With ammonia as the refrigerant, improvements of efficiency of 15% and more are achieved. Other refrigerants may be used instead of ammonia and the choice of refrigerant used is based on the conditions of operation. The type of refrigeration system is normally used for fairly large scale refrigeration plants and is not suitable for home refrigerators.

    摘要翻译： 一种制冷系统，其中制冷剂液体通过自蒸发冷却并且用于以自动蒸发为分级的液体形式冷却，每个蒸发压缩机具有蒸发压缩机，该膨胀发生在焓转换液体涡轮机中，而不是 允许通过阀部分汽化成蒸气分离器。 焓转换液体涡轮机比通常用于通过膨胀冷却的冷液体吸收热量并因此提供冷却的制冷系统中通常使用的绝热液体膨胀更有效。 难以减少不可逆性，因此熵降低，特别是当通过用一小部分制冷剂液体淬火来实现从每个阶段的压缩蒸气中去除超热时。 这种热量的很大一部分作为焓转换涡轮机中的机械能回收。 以氨为制冷剂，效率提高15％以上。 可以使用其它制冷剂代替氨，并且所使用的制冷剂的选择是基于操作条件。 制冷系统的类型通常用于相当大型的制冷设备，不适用于家用冰箱。