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    Radiation detector with multiple operating schemes
    1.
    发明授权
    Radiation detector with multiple operating schemes 有权
    具有多种操作方案的辐射探测器

    公开(公告)号：US08466421B2

    公开(公告)日：2013-06-18

    申请号：US12847569

    申请日：2010-07-30

    申请人： Gary Virshup ,  Edward Seppi ,  James Clayton ,  Edward G Shapiro

    发明人： Gary Virshup ,  Edward Seppi ,  James Clayton ,  Edward G Shapiro

    IPC分类号： G01T1/20

    CPC分类号： G01T1/208 ,  G01T1/2018 ,  G01V5/0016 ,  G01V5/005

    摘要： A radiation detector includes a conversion element that converts an incoming radiation beam into electrical signals, which in turn can be used to generate data about the radiation beam. The conversion element may include, for example, a scintillator that converts the radiation beam into light, and a sensor that generates the signals in response to the light. The conversion element can be used in different schemes or data collection modes. For instance, the conversion element can be oriented normal to the radiation beam or transverse to the radiation beam. In either of these orientations, for example, the detector can be used in an integrating mode or in a counting mode.

    摘要翻译： 辐射检测器包括将输入的辐射束转换成电信号的转换元件，该信号又可用于产生关于辐射束的数据。 转换元件可以包括例如将辐射束转换成光的闪烁器，以及响应于光产生信号的传感器。 转换元件可以用于不同的方案或数据收集模式。 例如，转换元件可以垂直于辐射束或横向于辐射束。 在这些取向中的任何一个中，例如，检测器可以以积分模式或计数模式使用。

    Multiple mode digital X-ray imaging system
    2.
    发明授权
    Multiple mode digital X-ray imaging system 有权
    多模数字X射线成像系统

    公开(公告)号：US06424750B1

    公开(公告)日：2002-07-23

    申请号：US09309725

    申请日：1999-05-11

    申请人： Richard E. Colbeth ,  John M. Pavkovich ,  Edward J. Seppi ,  Edward G. Shapiro

    发明人： Richard E. Colbeth ,  John M. Pavkovich ,  Edward J. Seppi ,  Edward G. Shapiro

    IPC分类号： G06T500

    CPC分类号： H04N5/347 ,  H04N5/32 ,  H04N5/367

    摘要： A multiple mode digital X-ray imaging system providing for preprocessing “binning” of analog pixel signals from a detector array by selectively summing, within the detector array, adjacent pixel charges on a row-by-row basis and selectively summing, within detector array readout circuits, the previously summed pixel charges (by rows) on a column-by-column basis. An array, or mapping, of “defective pixel” flags is used to identify defective pixels within the detector array, with such flags being added to, or inserted into, the incoming data stream for dynamic processing along with the incoming pixel data. A buffer and filter is used to perform still image capture during the radiographic mode of operation and to recursively filter incoming data frames during the fluoroscopic mode of operation by summing a scaled amount of pixel data from prior data frames with a scaled amount of incoming pixel data from the present data frame.

    摘要翻译： 一种多模式数字X射线成像系统，其通过在检测器阵列内以逐行为基础选择性地相加相邻像素电荷并在检测器阵列内进行选择性求和，来提供从检测器阵列“模拟”模拟像素信号 读出电路，先前相加的像素电荷（按行）逐列。 使用“缺陷像素”标志的阵列或映射来识别检测器阵列内的有缺陷的像素，其中这些标记被附加到输入数据流中或插入到输入数据流中，以便与输入像素数据一起进行动态处理。 使用缓冲器和滤波器在放射线照相操作模式下执行静态图像捕获，并且在荧光镜操作模式期间递归滤波输入数据帧，通过将来自先前数据帧的像素数据的缩放量与输入像素数据的标度量相加 从当前的数据帧。

    Electronically enhanced X-ray detector apparatus
    4.
    发明授权
    Electronically enhanced X-ray detector apparatus 失效
    电子增强X射线探测器设备

    公开(公告)号：US5117445A

    公开(公告)日：1992-05-26

    申请号：US547449

    申请日：1990-07-02

    申请人： Edward J. Seppi ,  Edward G. Shapiro ,  John M. Pavkovich

    发明人： Edward J. Seppi ,  Edward G. Shapiro ,  John M. Pavkovich

    IPC分类号： A61B6/03 ,  A61N5/10 ,  H05G1/64

    CPC分类号： H05G1/64 ,  A61B6/032 ,  A61N5/1048 ,  A61B6/548 ,  A61B6/583

    摘要： The detector of the present invention is suitable for use in a radiation therapy simulator machine. The detector comprises an X-ray image intensifier tube to convert X-rays into photons, a linear array of photodiodes to convert the photons to electrical signals, optical means for coupling the photons to the linear array of photodiodes, and electronic signal processing means for conditioning the signals from the photodiodes. The conditioning includes the use of low noise, phaselocked sampling electronics, implementation of a dual sampling technique for increasing dynamic range, implementation of a linearizing technique for increasing the accuracy of the measurements, and implementation of techniques for adjusting the measurements for point spread and background noise effects.

    摘要翻译： 本发明的检测器适用于放射治疗模拟机。 检测器包括用于将X射线转换成光子的X射线图像增强管，用于将光子转换成电信号的光电二极管的线性阵列，用于将光子耦合到光电二极管的线性阵列的光学装置，以及用于 调节来自光电二极管的信号。 调理包括使用低噪声，锁相采样电子设备，实现用于增加动态范围的双采样技术，实现用于提高测量精度的线性化技术，以及实现用于调整点扩散和背景测量的技术 噪音效应。

    Computer tomography apparatus using image intensifier detector
    5.
    发明授权
    Computer tomography apparatus using image intensifier detector 失效
    使用图像增强器检测器的计算机断层摄影装置

    公开(公告)号：US5692507A

    公开(公告)日：1997-12-02

    申请号：US352269

    申请日：1994-12-07

    申请人： Edward J. Seppi ,  Edward G. Shapiro ,  Robert L. Anderson

    发明人： Edward J. Seppi ,  Edward G. Shapiro ,  Robert L. Anderson

    IPC分类号： A61B6/03 ,  H04N5/32 ,  H05G1/64 ,  A61B6/00

    CPC分类号： H05G1/64 ,  A61B6/032 ,  A61B6/583 ,  H04N5/32 ,  A61B6/548 ,  Y10S128/92

    摘要： Disclosed is a low cost computer tomographic (CT) scanner system specifically designed for radiation therapy treatment planning. A 512-channel photo-diode array with digitizing electronics converts image intensifier optical projection data directly into digital signals and has a dynamic range on the order of 100,000:1. The new simulator includes a rotating gantry, an X-ray generator with radiographic and fluoroscopic modes and a therapy style patient support assembly. Results on head and body size phantoms indicate that the simulator X-ray generator and image intensifier tube (IIT) with multi-channel photo-detector can produce photon statistic limited CT images. Software and hardware compensation methods are described which minimize geometrical distortions. Low noise, high input impedance electronics are employed which are phase-locked to the line frequency. A dual sample interval method is employed which effectively increases the range of the digital signal produced by the front-end electronics by three additional bits.

    摘要翻译： 公开了专门用于放射治疗治疗计划的低成本计算机断层摄影（CT）扫描仪系统。 具有数字化电子设备的512通道光电二极管阵列将图像增强器光学投影数据直接转换为数字信号，并具有100,000：1的动态范围。 新的模拟器包括旋转机架，具有放射照相和透视模式的X射线发生器和治疗方式的患者支撑组件。 头部和体型模型的结果表明，具有多通道光电探测器的模拟器X射线发生器和图像增强管（IIT）可以产生光子统计有限的CT图像。 描述了最小化几何失真的软件和硬件补偿方法。 使用低噪声，高输入阻抗电子器件，其与线路频率锁相。 采用双采样间隔方法，其通过三个附加位有效地增加由前端电子器件产生的数字信号的范围。

    Method for improving the dynamic range of an imaging system
    6.
    发明授权
    Method for improving the dynamic range of an imaging system 失效
    改进成像系统动态范围的方法

    公开(公告)号：US5168532A

    公开(公告)日：1992-12-01

    申请号：US547451

    申请日：1990-07-02

    申请人： Edward J. Seppi ,  Edward G. Shapiro ,  John M. Pavkovich

    发明人： Edward J. Seppi ,  Edward G. Shapiro ,  John M. Pavkovich

    IPC分类号： A61B6/03 ,  G06T1/00 ,  H04N5/32 ,  H05G1/60

    CPC分类号： H05G1/60 ,  H04N5/32 ,  A61B6/548 ,  A61B6/583

    摘要： Disclosed is a method for improving the dynamic resolution of an imaging system. The method employs a dual sampling or exposure technique which samples light from an image intensifier over a long and a short sample interval. When the resulting measurement for the long sample interval exceeds a threshold level, the short sample interval measurement is used, multiplied by a scaling factor. Below the threshold the long sample interval is used.

    摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于改善成像系统的动态分辨率的方法。 该方法采用双取样或曝光技术，其通过长和短的采样间隔对来自图像增强器的光进行采样。 当长采样间隔的结果测量值超过阈值电平时，使用短采样间隔测量值乘以比例因子。 低于阈值时，使用较长的采样间隔。

    Method for increasing the accuracy of a radiation therapy apparatus
    8.
    发明授权
    Method for increasing the accuracy of a radiation therapy apparatus 失效
    增加辐射治疗装置精度的方法

    公开(公告)号：US5099505A

    公开(公告)日：1992-03-24

    申请号：US547799

    申请日：1990-07-02

    申请人： Edward J. Seppi ,  Edward G. Shapiro ,  John M. Pavkovich

    发明人： Edward J. Seppi ,  Edward G. Shapiro ,  John M. Pavkovich

    IPC分类号： A61B6/03 ,  A61N5/10 ,  G01T1/164 ,  H05G1/64

    CPC分类号： H05G1/64 ,  A61B6/032 ,  A61B6/583 ,  A61N5/1048 ,  G01T1/1645 ,  A61B6/548

    摘要： Disclosed is a method for increasing the accuracy of images obtained in radiation therapy apparatus, such as a computed tomography simulator which employs an image intensifier and a photodiode detector for converting light from the image intensifier to electrical signals for further processing. The method recognizes that a significant amount of crosstalk can exist in the image intensifier and photodiode detector chain and provides a series of steps for adjusting the electrical signals obtained from the photodiode detector to compensate for the crosstalk.

    摘要翻译： 公开了一种增加放射治疗装置中所获得的图像的精度的方法，例如使用图像增强器的计算机断层摄影模拟器和用于将来自图像增强器的光转换为电信号以用于进一步处理的光电二极管检测器。 该方法认识到，图像增强器和光电二极管检测器链中可能存在显着量的串扰，并且提供了一系列步骤来调整从光电二极管检测器获得的电信号以补偿串扰。