Abstract:
A holographic optical head for imaging a laser diode for optical storage or magnetic tracking applications includes three holograms, a beam director and a quarter-wave plate. In a preferred embodiment the beam director is a fourth hologram. The holographic optical head is corrected for aberrations arising from its use with light sources other than the design wavelength by having the first hologram diffract the light into the -1 order direction. This light is then diffracted by the second hologram into the +1 order so as to eliminate aberrations normally caused by wavelength shifts of the laser source.
Abstract:
A modulator apparatus for modulating arrays of input data V.sub.in to be stored in a holographic recording medium is disclosed wherein the final output data array V.sub.out has frequent transitions from light to dark and from dark to light in either dimension across the data page and has the total amount of illuminated regions throughout the entire data page held constant. These two constraints are achieved by a first set of control arrays obtained from two fixed sets of m.times.n binary arrays {A.sub.0, A.sub.1, . . . , A.sub.n } and {B.sub.0, B.sub.1, . . . , B.sub.m } which in turn are obtained from fixed sets of binary control vectors {a.sub.0, a.sub.0, a.sub.1, . . . , a.sub.n }, {b.sub.0, b.sub.1, . . . , b.sub.m }, respectively. The control vectors a.sub.0, a.sub.1, . . . , a.sub.n any n+1 fixed elements of the inverse mapping, .phi. .sup.1 (C.sub.1), of the (t-2) error-correcting code C.sub.1 of length m. The control vectors b.sub.0, b.sub.1, . . . , b.sub.m are any m+1 fixed elements of the inverse mapping, .phi. .sup.1 (C.sub.2), of the (t-s) error-correcting code C.sub.2 of length n. The first constraint is achieved by V'.sub.in =V.sub.in .sym.(A.sym.B). In order to balance the modulated array, a second set of control arrays {W.sub.0, W.sub.1, W.sub.2, . . . , W.sub.1, W.sub.2, . . . , W.sub.mn-1 } is obtained from the set of control vectors {W.sub.0, W.sub.1, W.sub.2, . . . , W.sub.mn-1 }. The second constraint is achieved by complementing the bits of the input binary array V'.sub.in in a horizontal readout order terminating after the first i bits. The final modulated output array V.sub.out =V'.sub.in .sym.W simultaneously satisfies both constraints.
Abstract translation:公开了一种用于调制要存储在全息记录介质中的输入数据Vin阵列的调制器装置,其中最终输出数据阵列Vout在数据页面上的任一维度中都具有从亮到暗和从暗到浅的频繁转变, 整个数据页面的照明区域数量保持不变。 这两个约束通过从两个固定的mxn二进制数组{A0,A1,...获得)获得的第一组控制数组来实现。 。 。 ,An}和{B0,B1,... 。 。 ,Bm},其又从固定的二进制控制向量{+ E,rar / a / 0,+ E,rar / a / 0,+ E,rar / a / 1。 。 。 ,+ E,rar / a / n},{+ E,rar / b / 0,+ E,rar / b / 1。 。 。 ,+ E,rar / b / m}。 控制向量+ E,rar / a / 0,+ E,rar / a / 1, 。 。 ,+ E,rar / a / n长度m的(t-2)纠错码C1的逆映射的任意n + 1个固定元素,phi 1(C1)。 控制向量b0,b1,... 。 。 bm是长度为n的(t-s)纠错码C2的逆向映射的任何m + 1个固定元素,即phi 1(C2)。 第一个约束是由V'in = Vin(+)(A(+)B)来实现的。 为了平衡调制阵列,第二组控制阵列{W0,W1,W2,... 。 。 ,W1,W2,...。 。 。 ,从而从控制矢量{+ E,rar / W / 0,+ E,rar / W / 1,+ E,rar / W / 2的集合获得Wmn-1}。 。 。 ,+ E,rar / W / mn-1}。 第二个约束是通过在第一个i位之后终止的水平读出顺序互补输入二进制数组V'in的位来实现的。 最终调制输出阵列Vout = V'in(+)W同时满足两个约束条件。
Abstract:
A method for making high diffraction efficiency holograms from dichromated gelatin (DCG) including the steps of curing the DCG for a specified time under controlled temperature and humidity conditions, periodically removing the DCG material from the curing conditions, placing a dye spot on the cured DCG material, measuring the extent of diffusion of the dye spot after a predetermined time, replacing the DCG material into the curing conditions, repeating the method until dye spot diffusion of a predetermined size occurs, and using the DCG material at that cure state to make holograms.
Abstract:
An improved apparatus and method for detecting the polarization state of an optical wavefront is disclosed, which is especially suitable for use in an integrated magneto-optic recording head. An optically transparent waveguide structure transmits TE and TM modes of the wavefront propagated as a beam coupled into the waveguide by a TE/TM grating coupler. In the waveguide structure is a periodic structure comprising a birefringent mode separator that splits the propagating beam into TE and TM modes. The mode separator comprises an array of uniformly spaced volumes of identical configuration. Photosensitive devices detect the intensity of the light contained within each of the separated beams. The signals from these photosensitive devices are used to determine the state of polarization of the optical wavefront. The periodic structure may, if desired, comprise regions of alternating birefringence, such as a Bragg grating, either in a waveguide layer or a cladding layer. Focal power is introduced (1) by providing focal power in the input grating coupler to the waveguide with a curved grating structure, (2) by varying the pitch of the birefringent mode separator extending in a direction transverse to the optical axis of the propagating beam, or (3) by introducing a surface grating with a varying pitch in a direction transverse of the optical axis.
Abstract:
A direct view display device comprises a pair of conductive electrodes in spaced relationship and a recording medium having the properties of being both photo-ionizable and capable of electro-chemically producing colored species occupies the space between the electrodes. The display device is exposed to an optical pattern of radiation to which the recording material is sensitive to produce a latent image, and a potential is applied between the electrodes to produce a very dense image corresponding to the optical pattern. The image can be erased by reversing the potential between the electrodes so that the expose and enhance process can be repeated.
Abstract:
A frequency multiplexed optical spatial filter is based upon a thin film of a photochemical hole burning material. The filter stores a plurality of images in the photochemical hole burning medium. The images are formed at different optical frequencies and coexist in the same volume of the storage medium. Individual images are accessed by changing the frequency of the illuminating radiation.
Abstract:
An optical fluid analyzing apparatus is shown comprising transparent means (12,13) of known refractive index (n.sub.1) providing a cell (14) for receiving a fluid sample of unknown refractive index (n.sub.2). A diffraction grating 10 is formed in an inner wall (11) of the cell. A light source (15) is positioned at an incident angle (.theta..sub.0) with a grating to satisfy the Bragg condition. A pair of detectors (16, 17) intercept the 0th order and 1st order diffracted light. Circuitry (18) responds to signals generated by the detectors to provide an output indicative of the refractive index of the sample.
Abstract:
An inexpensive, high quality transmissive holographic optical element and method for making same are described. The holographic optical element consists of a potentially aberrating substrate which supports a layer of holographic recording material. The material contains a recorded fringe pattern that cancels the aberrations induced in an image wavefront as it passes through the aberrating substrate. This optical element is formed by a method having the following steps. A first wavefront from a source, for example a point focus, is passed through the aberrating substrate, becomes distorted, and then passes through the holographic recording material to a wavefront conjugator. The conjugator launches a conjugate of the distorted wavefront back to the holographic recording material. A second wavefront is then passed through the holographic recording material to form a fringe pattern or hologram as a result of the interference of the conjugate waveform and the second waveform. Subsequently, the developed holographic optical element is illuminated with a reconstruction wave which is the duplicate of the reference wave. Passage of this reconstruction wave through the holographic layer results in an emerging wavefront identical to the conjugated distorted wavefront which is then converted to the original wavefront as it passes through the aberrating substrate.
Abstract:
An interactive projection display system having a light pen device for use thereon is described. The projection display system has an image of a light valve on a projection screen which is formed by visible light of specified wavelengths. The projection screen also has a translatable crosswire image thereon which is formed by radiation which includes the visible light used to form the light valve image and an additional spectral component. The light pen device is sensitive to this additional spectral component. In a preferred embodiment, the image of the light valve and the crosswires are formed with white light (0.3 to 0.7 microns). The additional spectral component used for the crosswire image and the light pen sensing is a band of near-IR radiation (0.7 to 1 micron).