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1.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5073780A
公开(公告)日：1991-12-17
申请号：US458008
申请日：1982-12-22
CPC分类号： G01S13/753 , G01S7/415
摘要： This method can be used either as an independent radar system or as an adct to an existing radar system, after suitably modifying the existing system, and will provide a cooperative, Radio Frequency passive, identification system for either stationary or moving targets. The system uses suitable devices that will mechanically vibrate as a transponder mechanism as an attachment to stationary or moving targets. A sideband analyzer is used to identify the viberation pattern in the radar return, and therefore, identifies the target.
摘要翻译： 该方法可以在适当修改现有系统之后作为独立的雷达系统或作为现有雷达系统的附件使用，并且将为静止或移动目标提供合作的射频被动识别系统。 该系统使用将作为应答器机构机械振动的合适装置作为固定或移动目标的附件。 边带分析仪用于识别雷达回波中的振动模式，因此识别目标。
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公开(公告)号：US4034285A
公开(公告)日：1977-07-05
申请号：US718691
申请日：1976-08-30
CPC分类号： G01R29/26
摘要： A superheterodyne noise measuring discriminator uses an optimum length trmission line which permits near carrier frequency modulation to be measured on a carrier frequency in a broad range from approximately two megahertz to two gigahertz with one set of components. A balanced phase detector, power dividers, attenuators coupled with the optimum length transmission line and balanced mixing of signal and reference signals at an IF level provide wide frequency range discrimination. This noise measuring discriminator operates over a wide frequency range with the only component changes being an input bandpass filter, the optimum length transmission line, adjustable phase shift device, and variable frequency local oscillator. The transmission line sections are easily changed by simply selecting proper line lengths which may be previously established. The optimum length transmission line can operate over several octaves of frequency range with analyzer degradation of less than three decibels. In measuring frequency modulation noise, carrier nulling in excess of 60 decibels is accomplished. After this carrier null has been accomplished, the discriminator circuit rejects incidental amplitude modulation on the test signal.
摘要翻译： 超外差噪声测量鉴相器使用最佳长度传输线，其允许在载波频率上测量近载波频率调制，其范围从大约2兆赫到2千兆赫兹，具有一组分量。 平衡相位检测器，功率分配器，衰减器与最佳长度传输线耦合，以及在IF电平处的信号和参考信号的平衡混合提供宽频率范围鉴别。 这种噪声测量识别器在宽频率范围内工作，唯一的分量变化是输入带通滤波器，最佳长度传输线，可调相移器件和可变频率本地振荡器。 通过简单地选择可以预先建立的适当的线路长度来容易地改变传输线路段。 最佳长度传输线可以在频率范围的几个八度范围内工作，分析仪退化小于三分贝。 在测量频率调制噪声中，完成了超过60分贝的载波零位。 在该载波空值已经完成之后，鉴频器电路拒绝对测试信号的附带幅度调制。
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3.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4002969A
公开(公告)日：1977-01-11
申请号：US652445
申请日：1976-01-26
摘要： Measurement apparatus using an optimum length transmission line discriminr is disclosed which allows near carrier frequency modulation to be measured in the very high and ultra high frequency regions without the use of a microwave type cavity resonator or a tuned resonant circuit. Amplitude modulation rejection through direct current biasing of a quadrature detector enhances near carrier FM measurement. Signal energy is routed through two channels to the quadrature detector. A reference channel provides attenuation and phase shifting, and a signal channel comprising the optimum length line provides FM discrimination. The phase detector is direct current biased to separate amplitude modulation noise from near carrier frequency modulation noise.
摘要翻译： 公开了使用最佳长度传输线鉴别器的测量设备，其允许在非常高和超高频区域内测量近载波频率调制，而不使用微波型空腔谐振器或调谐谐振电路。 通过正交检波器的直流偏置的幅度调制抑制器增强了近载波FM测量。 信号能量通过两个通道传送到正交检测器。 参考通道提供衰减和相移，并且包括最佳长度线的信号通道提供FM鉴别。 相位检测器是直流偏置，以将幅度调制噪声与近载波调制噪声分离。
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公开(公告)号：US4303899A
公开(公告)日：1981-12-01
申请号：US146804
申请日：1980-05-05
IPC分类号： H01P7/04
CPC分类号： H01P7/04
摘要： The resonator is formed with a primary line which is slightly less than a ltiple of a half wavelength long, a tee, and a matching stub. The primary line and the stub are adjustable to make the total length a multiple of one half wavelength. A mechanical link can be connected across the two adjustable lengths so as to maintain a total length of a multiple integral of one half wavelength.
摘要翻译： 谐振器形成有稍微小于半波长的倍数的主线，三通和匹配的短截线。 主线和短截线是可调整的，以使总长度成为一半波长的倍数。 机械连杆可以连接在两个可调节长度上，以便保持一个半波长的多个积分的总长度。
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公开(公告)号：US4075512A
公开(公告)日：1978-02-21
申请号：US546969
申请日：1975-02-04
摘要： A light pipe is used between the ground voltage and the extremely high voge end of a system whereby a pulse can be transmitted from the ground potential end to the high voltage end with safety and without distortion.
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公开(公告)号：US4002970A
公开(公告)日：1977-01-11
申请号：US652593
申请日：1976-01-26
摘要： An optimum length transmission line discriminator circuit is disclosed wh provides for measurement of near carrier frequency modulation in the microwave region. An optimum length of transmission line within the discriminator is instrumental in providing the discrimination function. The transmission line discriminator possesses the same basic circuit properties required to provide measurement and affords a broader range of operation than established microwave cavity methods can feasibly provide. The optimized transmission line length provides for maximum efficiency from the transmission line parameters over a wide frequency range. In measuring frequency modulation noise, carrier nulling in excess of 60 decibels is accomplished with a slide screw tuner in conjunction with the optimized length line. This null is relatively insensitive to environmental effects. After this carrier null has been accomplished, the discriminator circuit rejects incidental amplitude modulation on the test signal, and is not restricted by burnout power ratings of crystals within the phase detector.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种最佳长度传输线鉴别器电路，其提供微波区域中近载波频率调制的测量。 鉴别器内传输线的最佳长度有助于提供鉴别功能。 传输线鉴别器具有与提供测量所需的相同的基本电路特性，并提供比建立的微波腔方法更广泛的操作范围。 优化的传输线路长度在宽频率范围内提供来自传输线路参数的最大效率。 在测量频率调制噪声中，使用滑动螺丝调谐器与优化的长度线一起实现超过60分贝的载波零位。 这个零点对环境影响相对不敏感。 在该载波空值已经完成之后，鉴频器电路拒绝对测试信号的附带的幅度调制，并且不受相位检测器内的晶体的烧坏功率额定值的限制。
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7.发明授权Electronically controlled array for simulation of passive target/background signatures at millimeter wavelengths 失效用于在毫米波长下模拟被动目标/背景特征的电子控制阵列
公开(公告)号：US4630053A
公开(公告)日：1986-12-16
申请号：US675916
申请日：1984-11-28
IPC分类号： G01S7/40
CPC分类号： G01S7/4052 , G01S2007/4082
摘要： A system for an electronically controlled array for the simulation of passive signatures and noise at millimeter wavelengths. The system can simulate passive background signatures and also superimpose radiation intensity variation to simulate either moving or stationary passive signatures of targets over or within the background. A single, non-varying source of millimeter waves provides the non-coherent radiation for illumination that is required for simulating passive signatures. A controlled array variably controls radiation intensity at each illumination point of the array. The non-varying source is concentrated at the focal axis of a parabolic reflector, providing a plane wavefront of radiated energy.
摘要翻译： 一种用于模拟毫米波长的被动签名和噪声的电子控制阵列系统。 该系统可以模拟被动背景签名，并且还叠加辐射强度变化，以模拟目标超过或在背景内的移动或静止被动签名。 毫米波的单个不变源提供了模拟被动签名所需的用于照明的非相干辐射。 受控阵列可变地控制阵列的每个照射点处的辐射强度。 非变化源集中在抛物面反射器的焦点轴上，提供辐射能的平面波前。
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公开(公告)号：US4415852A
公开(公告)日：1983-11-15
申请号：US315328
申请日：1981-10-26
CPC分类号： G01R27/04
摘要： A single hybrid junction discriminator is described for operation over a wide operating frequency range. The single hybrid discriminator uses a transmission line, phase shifters and fixed short circuits in providing a resonant cavity in the discriminator element to form a device that will measure near carrier frequency modulated noise on a carrier frequency. Only a minimum exchange of circuit components is required for changed carrier frequencies. With the phase shifter located in the signal channel, operation is a direct and easy process for quadrature detection. Component arrangement is critical to the operation of the single hybrid discriminator. The single hybrid discriminator is more sensitive than either the two hybrid or one hybrid and a directional coupler type discriminator because better usage is made of the available signal power.
摘要翻译： 描述了在宽工作频率范围内操作的单个混合结鉴别器。 单个混合鉴频器使用传输线，移相器和固定短路来在鉴频器元件中提供谐振腔，以形成将在载波频率上测量近载波调制噪声的装置。 变更的载波频率只需要电路元件的最小交换。 通过移相器位于信号通道中，操作是正交检测的直接且简单的过程。 组件布置对于单个混合鉴别器的操作至关重要。 单个混合鉴别器比两个混合信号或一个混合信号和一个定向耦合器类型鉴别器更敏感，因为更好地使用可用的信号功率。
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公开(公告)号：US4048568A
公开(公告)日：1977-09-13
申请号：US718723
申请日：1976-08-30
CPC分类号： G01R23/18
摘要： It is desirable to be able to measure the FM noise spectra of signals whosearrier power is less than the minimum power level at which a direct non-amplified analyzer can operate satisfactorily. Generally a carrier less than approximately + 2 dbm would require analysis by a very low power measuring system.In the superheterodyne analyzer the discrimination process for a high frequency input signal is accomplished at a suitable intermediate frequency. A single set of discrimination equipment is utilized in the measurement of a wide carrier frequency range of input signals using relatively narrow band intermediate frequency hardware to optimize the analysis function. This provides a means for measuring frequencies from 4 GHz to 8 GHz or from 2 MHz to 2 GHz for example, with high accuracy and sensitivity, while using the same intermediate frequency hardware limited to operational bandwidths of a few MHz. A balanced phase detector, power dividers, attenuators coupled with an optimum length transmission line and balanced mixing of signal and reference signals at an IF level coupled with frequency translation provide frequency discrimination over a wide carrier frequency range.
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公开(公告)号：US4002971A
公开(公告)日：1977-01-11
申请号：US652446
申请日：1976-01-26
摘要： A wide operating frequency range transmission line discriminator uses an imum length transmission line which permits near carrier frequency modulation to be measured on a carrier frequency in a broad range from approximately two megahertz to one gigahertz. A hybrid junction, balanced phase detector, power dividers, attenuators and a variable transmission line coupled with the optimum length transmission line provide a wide frequency range discriminator with only a minimum exchange in selected components being necessary for changes in carrier frequency. This near carrier analyzer operates over the wide frequency range with the only component changes being an input bandpass filter, the optimum length transmission line, and the variable length transmission line used as a variable or adjustable phase shift device. The transmission line sections are easily changed by simply selecting proper line lengths which may be previously established. When optimum detection is not essential in a particular measurement, the optimum length transmission line can effectively operate and accomplish its function over several octaves of frequency range with minimal analyzer degradation, on the order of three decibels. In measuring frequency modulation noise, carrier nulling in excess of 60 decibels is accomplished. After this carrier null has been accomplished, the discriminator circuit rejects incidental amplitude modulation on the test signal, and is not restricted by burnout power ratings of crystals within the phase detector.
摘要翻译： 宽工作频率范围传输线鉴别器使用最佳长度传输线，其允许在载波频率上从大约2兆赫到1千兆赫的宽范围内测量近载波调制。 混合结，平衡相位检测器，功率分配器，衰减器和与最佳长度传输线耦合的可变传输线提供宽频率范围鉴别器，在选择的分量中只需要对载波频率变化所需的最小交换。 这种近载波分析仪在宽频率范围内工作，其中唯一的分量变化是用作可变或可调相移装置的输入带通滤波器，最佳长度传输线和可变长度传输线。 通过简单地选择可以预先建立的适当的线路长度来容易地改变传输线路段。 当最佳检测在特定测量中不是必需的时，最佳长度传输线可以有效地操作，并且在三分贝数量级的最小分析仪退化的频率范围的几个八度的范围内实现其功能。 在测量频率调制噪声中，完成了超过60分贝的载波零位。 在该载波空值已经完成之后，鉴频器电路拒绝对测试信号的附带的幅度调制，并且不受相位检测器内的晶体的烧坏功率额定值的限制。
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