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1.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5073780A
公开(公告)日：1991-12-17
申请号：US458008
申请日：1982-12-22
CPC分类号： G01S13/753 , G01S7/415
摘要： This method can be used either as an independent radar system or as an adct to an existing radar system, after suitably modifying the existing system, and will provide a cooperative, Radio Frequency passive, identification system for either stationary or moving targets. The system uses suitable devices that will mechanically vibrate as a transponder mechanism as an attachment to stationary or moving targets. A sideband analyzer is used to identify the viberation pattern in the radar return, and therefore, identifies the target.
摘要翻译： 该方法可以在适当修改现有系统之后作为独立的雷达系统或作为现有雷达系统的附件使用，并且将为静止或移动目标提供合作的射频被动识别系统。 该系统使用将作为应答器机构机械振动的合适装置作为固定或移动目标的附件。 边带分析仪用于识别雷达回波中的振动模式，因此识别目标。
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公开(公告)号：US4303899A
公开(公告)日：1981-12-01
申请号：US146804
申请日：1980-05-05
IPC分类号： H01P7/04
CPC分类号： H01P7/04
摘要： The resonator is formed with a primary line which is slightly less than a ltiple of a half wavelength long, a tee, and a matching stub. The primary line and the stub are adjustable to make the total length a multiple of one half wavelength. A mechanical link can be connected across the two adjustable lengths so as to maintain a total length of a multiple integral of one half wavelength.
摘要翻译： 谐振器形成有稍微小于半波长的倍数的主线，三通和匹配的短截线。 主线和短截线是可调整的，以使总长度成为一半波长的倍数。 机械连杆可以连接在两个可调节长度上，以便保持一个半波长的多个积分的总长度。
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公开(公告)号：US4075512A
公开(公告)日：1978-02-21
申请号：US546969
申请日：1975-02-04
摘要： A light pipe is used between the ground voltage and the extremely high voge end of a system whereby a pulse can be transmitted from the ground potential end to the high voltage end with safety and without distortion.
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公开(公告)号：US4002970A
公开(公告)日：1977-01-11
申请号：US652593
申请日：1976-01-26
摘要： An optimum length transmission line discriminator circuit is disclosed wh provides for measurement of near carrier frequency modulation in the microwave region. An optimum length of transmission line within the discriminator is instrumental in providing the discrimination function. The transmission line discriminator possesses the same basic circuit properties required to provide measurement and affords a broader range of operation than established microwave cavity methods can feasibly provide. The optimized transmission line length provides for maximum efficiency from the transmission line parameters over a wide frequency range. In measuring frequency modulation noise, carrier nulling in excess of 60 decibels is accomplished with a slide screw tuner in conjunction with the optimized length line. This null is relatively insensitive to environmental effects. After this carrier null has been accomplished, the discriminator circuit rejects incidental amplitude modulation on the test signal, and is not restricted by burnout power ratings of crystals within the phase detector.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种最佳长度传输线鉴别器电路，其提供微波区域中近载波频率调制的测量。 鉴别器内传输线的最佳长度有助于提供鉴别功能。 传输线鉴别器具有与提供测量所需的相同的基本电路特性，并提供比建立的微波腔方法更广泛的操作范围。 优化的传输线路长度在宽频率范围内提供来自传输线路参数的最大效率。 在测量频率调制噪声中，使用滑动螺丝调谐器与优化的长度线一起实现超过60分贝的载波零位。 这个零点对环境影响相对不敏感。 在该载波空值已经完成之后，鉴频器电路拒绝对测试信号的附带的幅度调制，并且不受相位检测器内的晶体的烧坏功率额定值的限制。
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公开(公告)号：US4673940A
公开(公告)日：1987-06-16
申请号：US447077
申请日：1982-11-18
IPC分类号： G01S13/50
CPC分类号： G01S13/50
摘要： This radar system can be used as an independent entity or as an addition ton operating radar system for acquiring additional data from a radar target's returned signal that is not currently being utilized. The system is to separate the amplitude modulation and frequency modulation sidebands created by the target's surface motion or vibration into independently useable entities. The system measures near carrier AM and FM noises, together with techniques for integrating these elements into a working radar system.
摘要翻译： 该雷达系统可以用作独立的实体，或作为操作雷达系统的补充，用于从目前未被使用的雷达目标的返回信号获取附加数据。 该系统将由目标的表面运动或振动产生的幅度调制和调频边带分离成独立可用的实体。 该系统测量载波AM和FM噪声附近，以及将这些元素集成到工作雷达系统中的技术。
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公开(公告)号：US4246540A
公开(公告)日：1981-01-20
申请号：US972178
申请日：1978-12-21
IPC分类号： H03B19/00
CPC分类号： H03B19/00
摘要： An apparatus and method for extending the frequency range of a synthesizerr signal generator upward by several orders of multiplication. The basic stability of the synthesizer or generator is maintained at the higher frequency output. The output band of frequencies from a frequency synthesizer is processed through a homodyne multiplier and multiplied. The multiplied output is coupled to a power divider. The divider output is coupled to bandpass filters allowing selection of harmonic multiples from overlapping frequency bands to be made. A low pass filter in the circuit allows reduction in harmonics and higher order frequencies.
摘要翻译： 一种用于将合成器或信号发生器的频率范围向上扩展若干乘法顺序的装置和方法。 合成器或发生器的基本稳定性保持在较高的频率输出。 来自频率合成器的输出频带通过零差乘法器进行处理并相乘。 倍增输出耦合到功率分配器。 分频器输出耦合到带通滤波器，允许选择重叠频带的谐波倍数。 电路中的低通滤波器允许降低谐波和更高阶的频率。
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公开(公告)号：US4415852A
公开(公告)日：1983-11-15
申请号：US315328
申请日：1981-10-26
CPC分类号： G01R27/04
摘要： A single hybrid junction discriminator is described for operation over a wide operating frequency range. The single hybrid discriminator uses a transmission line, phase shifters and fixed short circuits in providing a resonant cavity in the discriminator element to form a device that will measure near carrier frequency modulated noise on a carrier frequency. Only a minimum exchange of circuit components is required for changed carrier frequencies. With the phase shifter located in the signal channel, operation is a direct and easy process for quadrature detection. Component arrangement is critical to the operation of the single hybrid discriminator. The single hybrid discriminator is more sensitive than either the two hybrid or one hybrid and a directional coupler type discriminator because better usage is made of the available signal power.
摘要翻译： 描述了在宽工作频率范围内操作的单个混合结鉴别器。 单个混合鉴频器使用传输线，移相器和固定短路来在鉴频器元件中提供谐振腔，以形成将在载波频率上测量近载波调制噪声的装置。 变更的载波频率只需要电路元件的最小交换。 通过移相器位于信号通道中，操作是正交检测的直接且简单的过程。 组件布置对于单个混合鉴别器的操作至关重要。 单个混合鉴别器比两个混合信号或一个混合信号和一个定向耦合器类型鉴别器更敏感，因为更好地使用可用的信号功率。
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公开(公告)号：US4048568A
公开(公告)日：1977-09-13
申请号：US718723
申请日：1976-08-30
CPC分类号： G01R23/18
摘要： It is desirable to be able to measure the FM noise spectra of signals whosearrier power is less than the minimum power level at which a direct non-amplified analyzer can operate satisfactorily. Generally a carrier less than approximately + 2 dbm would require analysis by a very low power measuring system.In the superheterodyne analyzer the discrimination process for a high frequency input signal is accomplished at a suitable intermediate frequency. A single set of discrimination equipment is utilized in the measurement of a wide carrier frequency range of input signals using relatively narrow band intermediate frequency hardware to optimize the analysis function. This provides a means for measuring frequencies from 4 GHz to 8 GHz or from 2 MHz to 2 GHz for example, with high accuracy and sensitivity, while using the same intermediate frequency hardware limited to operational bandwidths of a few MHz. A balanced phase detector, power dividers, attenuators coupled with an optimum length transmission line and balanced mixing of signal and reference signals at an IF level coupled with frequency translation provide frequency discrimination over a wide carrier frequency range.
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公开(公告)号：US4002971A
公开(公告)日：1977-01-11
申请号：US652446
申请日：1976-01-26
摘要： A wide operating frequency range transmission line discriminator uses an imum length transmission line which permits near carrier frequency modulation to be measured on a carrier frequency in a broad range from approximately two megahertz to one gigahertz. A hybrid junction, balanced phase detector, power dividers, attenuators and a variable transmission line coupled with the optimum length transmission line provide a wide frequency range discriminator with only a minimum exchange in selected components being necessary for changes in carrier frequency. This near carrier analyzer operates over the wide frequency range with the only component changes being an input bandpass filter, the optimum length transmission line, and the variable length transmission line used as a variable or adjustable phase shift device. The transmission line sections are easily changed by simply selecting proper line lengths which may be previously established. When optimum detection is not essential in a particular measurement, the optimum length transmission line can effectively operate and accomplish its function over several octaves of frequency range with minimal analyzer degradation, on the order of three decibels. In measuring frequency modulation noise, carrier nulling in excess of 60 decibels is accomplished. After this carrier null has been accomplished, the discriminator circuit rejects incidental amplitude modulation on the test signal, and is not restricted by burnout power ratings of crystals within the phase detector.
摘要翻译： 宽工作频率范围传输线鉴别器使用最佳长度传输线，其允许在载波频率上从大约2兆赫到1千兆赫的宽范围内测量近载波调制。 混合结，平衡相位检测器，功率分配器，衰减器和与最佳长度传输线耦合的可变传输线提供宽频率范围鉴别器，在选择的分量中只需要对载波频率变化所需的最小交换。 这种近载波分析仪在宽频率范围内工作，其中唯一的分量变化是用作可变或可调相移装置的输入带通滤波器，最佳长度传输线和可变长度传输线。 通过简单地选择可以预先建立的适当的线路长度来容易地改变传输线路段。 当最佳检测在特定测量中不是必需的时，最佳长度传输线可以有效地操作，并且在三分贝数量级的最小分析仪退化的频率范围的几个八度的范围内实现其功能。 在测量频率调制噪声中，完成了超过60分贝的载波零位。 在该载波空值已经完成之后，鉴频器电路拒绝对测试信号的附带的幅度调制，并且不受相位检测器内的晶体的烧坏功率额定值的限制。
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公开(公告)号：US4034285A
公开(公告)日：1977-07-05
申请号：US718691
申请日：1976-08-30
CPC分类号： G01R29/26
摘要： A superheterodyne noise measuring discriminator uses an optimum length trmission line which permits near carrier frequency modulation to be measured on a carrier frequency in a broad range from approximately two megahertz to two gigahertz with one set of components. A balanced phase detector, power dividers, attenuators coupled with the optimum length transmission line and balanced mixing of signal and reference signals at an IF level provide wide frequency range discrimination. This noise measuring discriminator operates over a wide frequency range with the only component changes being an input bandpass filter, the optimum length transmission line, adjustable phase shift device, and variable frequency local oscillator. The transmission line sections are easily changed by simply selecting proper line lengths which may be previously established. The optimum length transmission line can operate over several octaves of frequency range with analyzer degradation of less than three decibels. In measuring frequency modulation noise, carrier nulling in excess of 60 decibels is accomplished. After this carrier null has been accomplished, the discriminator circuit rejects incidental amplitude modulation on the test signal.
摘要翻译： 超外差噪声测量鉴相器使用最佳长度传输线，其允许在载波频率上测量近载波频率调制，其范围从大约2兆赫到2千兆赫兹，具有一组分量。 平衡相位检测器，功率分配器，衰减器与最佳长度传输线耦合，以及在IF电平处的信号和参考信号的平衡混合提供宽频率范围鉴别。 这种噪声测量识别器在宽频率范围内工作，唯一的分量变化是输入带通滤波器，最佳长度传输线，可调相移器件和可变频率本地振荡器。 通过简单地选择可以预先建立的适当的线路长度来容易地改变传输线路段。 最佳长度传输线可以在频率范围的几个八度范围内工作，分析仪退化小于三分贝。 在测量频率调制噪声中，完成了超过60分贝的载波零位。 在该载波空值已经完成之后，鉴频器电路拒绝对测试信号的附带幅度调制。
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