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公开(公告)号：US20090009717A1
公开(公告)日：2009-01-08
申请号：US12139602
申请日：2008-06-16
IPC分类号： A61B3/10
CPC分类号： A61B3/1015
摘要： An imaging apparatus for simultaneously determining optical parameters of the eye comprising: a light source for illuminating at least a portion of the eye pupil; an illumination optical system for directing light rays emitted from the light source into the eye; a light receiving optical system for guiding the light rays reflected from the eye to a detector unit, wherein the detector unit detects an image intensity distribution from the light rays reflected from the eye; and an arithmetic unit for determining optical characteristics of the eye by parameter estimation is provided.
摘要翻译： 一种用于同时确定眼睛光学参数的成像装置，包括：用于照射眼睛瞳孔的至少一部分的光源; 用于将从光源发射的光线引导到眼睛中的照明光学系统; 用于将从眼睛反射的光线引导到检测器单元的光接收光学系统，其中所述检测器单元从所述眼睛反射的光线检测图像强度分布; 并提供用于通过参数估计来确定眼睛的光学特性的算术单元。
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公开(公告)号：US4017730A
公开(公告)日：1977-04-12
申请号：US649878
申请日：1976-01-16
申请人： Harrison H. Barrett
发明人： Harrison H. Barrett
CPC分类号： G01T1/295
摘要： A radiographic imaging system for high energy radiation utilizing a detector of such radiation and a mask having regions relatively transparent to such radiation interspersed among regions relatively opaque to such radiation. A relative motion is imparted between the mask and the detector, the detector providing a time varying signal in response to the incident radiation and in response to the relative motion. The time varying signal provides, with the aid of a decoder, an image of a source of such radiation.
摘要翻译： 用于利用这种辐射的检测器的高能量辐射的放射线照相成像系统和具有散布在对这种辐射相对不透明的区域之间的这种辐射相对透明的区域的掩模。 在掩模和检测器之间施加相对运动，检测器响应入射辐射并响应于相对运动而提供时变信号。 时变信号借助于解码器提供这种辐射源的图像。
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3.发明授权Method and apparatus for correcting surface profiles determined by phase-shifting interferometry according to optical parameters of test surface 失效根据测试表面的光学参数，通过相移干涉测量法校正表面轮廓的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5602643A
公开(公告)日：1997-02-11
申请号：US597796
申请日：1996-02-07
申请人： Harrison H. Barrett
发明人： Harrison H. Barrett
CPC分类号： G01B11/306 , G01B9/02022 , G01B2290/50 , G01B2290/70
摘要： An improvement to phase-shifting interferometry that consists of the addition of a pupil mask with two parallel slits and a polarizer in the optical path of a conventional phase-shifting interferometer. The pupil-mask/polarizer combination is adapted to produce a linearly polarized wavefront of light reaching the sample surface at a predetermined angle of incidence, thereby producing a corresponding phase shift on reflection. The relative orientation of the mask and polarizer can be changed to take measurements with the polarizer parallel or perpendicular to the mask slits, in each case producing a phase shift on reflection related to the test sample's refractive index and extinction coefficient. Four phase-shifting measurements conducted at .pi./2 intervals for each polarization axis yield sufficient interferometric information to map n, k and the height profile of the sample surface. The preferred mask consists of an opaque disk structure having two opposite annular slits approximately 90-degrees wide and with an outer annular radius approximately twice the size of the inner annular radius.
摘要翻译： 对相移干涉测量的改进，其包括在常规移相干涉仪的光路中添加具有两个平行狭缝的光瞳罩和偏振器。 瞳孔掩模/偏振器组合适于产生以预定入射角到达样品表面的光的线偏振波前，从而在反射上产生相应的相移。 可以改变掩模和偏振器的相对取向以使偏振器平行或垂直于掩模狭缝进行测量，在每种情况下产生与测试样品的折射率和消光系数相关的反射相移。 对于每个偏振轴，以pi / 2间隔进行四次相移测量产生足够的干涉信息以映射样品表面的n，k和高度分布。 优选的掩模由不透明的盘结构组成，其具有大约90度宽的两个相对的环形狭缝，其外环形半径大约是内环形半径大小的两倍。
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公开(公告)号：US4092540A
公开(公告)日：1978-05-30
申请号：US735476
申请日：1976-10-26
申请人： Harrison H. Barrett
发明人： Harrison H. Barrett
CPC分类号： G01T1/1642 , G01T1/295
摘要： A radiographic camera having a scintillator and an array of photodetectors positioned for viewing a common region of the scintillator, and wherein a mask system is interposed between the scintillator and the array of photodetectors for increasing the resolution of an image produced by the camera. The mask system has a pair of mask plates which are spaced apart and have similar formats of opaque materials thereon. The mask system provides a more rapid variaton in the intensity of light received at a photodetector as a function of locations of scintillations on the scintillator. A reference signal source providing a signal pattern in accordance with the intensity variation is utilized for decoding shadows cast by the mask to produce the image.
摘要翻译： 一种放射摄影照相机，具有闪烁体和光电检测器阵列，其定位用于观察闪烁体的公共区域，并且其中掩模系统插入在闪烁体和光电检测器阵列之间，以增加由照相机产生的图像的分辨率。 掩模系统具有间隔开的并具有类似形式的不透明材料的一对掩模板。 掩模系统提供在光电检测器处接收的光的强度的更快速变化，作为闪烁体上的闪烁位置的函数。 提供根据强度变化的信号图案的参考信号源被用于解码由掩模投射的阴影以产生图像。
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公开(公告)号：US4023036A
公开(公告)日：1977-05-10
申请号：US587352
申请日：1975-06-16
申请人： Harrison H. Barrett , Scott Gordon
发明人： Harrison H. Barrett , Scott Gordon
CPC分类号： A61B6/025 , Y10S378/901
摘要： An apparatus and method for generating a two-dimensional back-projected image of a slice of an object. In accordance with the invention there is provided a carrier means having a plurality of substantially parallel elongated projections thereon, each projection having an optical characteristic (transmissivity or reflectivity) representing the density characteristic of said slice of the object as measured at a particular relative rotational angle. Means are provided for imaging successive sinusoidal patterns on the carrier means, the successive sinusoidal patterns being imaged at a predetermined rate. Photodetector means are responsive to the imaged sinusoidal patterns. Finally, a display or recording means, synchronized at the predetermined rate, is responsive to the output of the photodetector for displaying the back-projected image. In a preferred embodiment of the invention the carrier means is a cylindrical film having projections thereon with transmissivities that represent the density characteristic of the slice of the object under consideration. In this embodiment, means are provided for uniformly illuminating the projections and optical mask means are provided in spaced relation to the cylindrical film and operative to image portions of the projections on the cylindrical film. Means are provided for rotating the cylindrical film on its axis so that the mask means continuously images different groups of projections on the film. Means are also provided for effecting relative angular motion between the mask means and the axis of the cylindrical film, whereby the mask means continuously images varying portions of the cylindrical film, the variation being along the axial direction thereof. In this embodiment the display means is synchronized with the rotational rate of the cylindrical film and with the effective angular displacement rate between the mask means and the axis of the cylindrical film.
摘要翻译： 一种用于生成物体的切片的二维后投影图像的装置和方法。 根据本发明，提供了一种在其上具有多个基本上平行的细长突起的载体装置，每个突起具有表示在特定相对旋转角度测量的物体的所述切片的密度特性的光学特性（透射率或反射率） 。 提供了用于对载体装置上的连续正弦图案进行成像的装置，以预定速率对连续的正弦图案进行成像。 光检测器装置对所成像的正弦曲线图进行响应。 最后，以预定速率同步的显示或记录装置响应于用于显示反投影图像的光电检测器的输出。 在本发明的优选实施例中，载体装置是其上具有突起的圆柱形膜，透射率表示所考虑的物体的切片的密度特性。 在该实施例中，设置用于均匀地照射突起的装置，并且光学掩模装置以与圆柱形膜隔开的关系设置并且可操作以对圆柱形膜上的突起进行成像。 提供了用于在其轴线上旋转圆柱形膜的装置，使得掩模装置连续地在胶片上成像不同的突起组。 还提供了用于实现掩模装置和圆柱形膜的轴线之间的相对角运动的装置，由此掩模装置连续地对圆筒形膜的变化部分进行成像，该变化沿其轴向方向。 在该实施例中，显示装置与圆筒形薄膜的旋转速率和掩模装置与圆柱形薄膜的轴线之间的有效角位移速率同步。
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公开(公告)号：US3936639A
公开(公告)日：1976-02-03
申请号：US465940
申请日：1974-05-01
申请人： Harrison H. Barrett
发明人： Harrison H. Barrett
CPC分类号： G01T1/295
摘要： A radiographic imaging system for high energy radiation utilizing a detector of such radiation and a mask having regions relatively transparent to such radiation interspersed among regions relatively opaque to such radiation. A relative motion is imparted between the mask and the detector, the detector providing a time varying signal in response to the incident radiation and in response to the relative motion. The time varying signal provides, with the aid of a decoder, an image of a source of such radiation.
摘要翻译： 用于利用这种辐射的检测器的高能量辐射的放射线照相成像系统和具有散布在对这种辐射相对不透明的区域之间的这种辐射相对透明的区域的掩模。 在掩模和检测器之间施加相对运动，检测器响应入射辐射并响应于相对运动而提供时变信号。 时变信号借助于解码器提供这种辐射源的图像。
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公开(公告)号：US07928397B2
公开(公告)日：2011-04-19
申请号：US12197120
申请日：2008-08-22
CPC分类号： G01T1/1644 , A61B6/037 , A61B6/4258 , A61B6/508 , G01T1/1642
摘要： A gamma-ray or X-ray detection device including a scintillator configured to convert gamma rays or X-rays into optical radiation, an optical image intensifier configured to intensify the optical radiation to generate intensified optical radiation, an optical coupling system configured to guide the intensified optical radiation, and a solid state detector configured to detect the intensified optical radiation to generate an interaction image representing a gamma-ray or X-ray energy emission.
摘要翻译： 一种包括配置成将伽马射线或X射线转换为光辐射的闪烁体的伽马射线或X射线检测装置，配置成强化光辐射以产生增强的光辐射的光学图像增强器，被配置为引导 增强的光辐射;以及固态检测器，被配置为检测强化的光辐射以产生表示伽马射线或X射线能量发射的相互作用图像。
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8.发明申请X-RAY DETECTOR INCLUDING SCINTILLATOR, A LENS ARRAY, AND AN IMAGE INTENSIFIER 有权X射线探测器，包括扫描仪，镜头阵列和图像增强器公开(公告)号：US20100140487A1
公开(公告)日：2010-06-10
申请号：US12573679
申请日：2009-10-05
IPC分类号： G01T1/20
CPC分类号： G01T1/1642 , A61B6/037 , G01T1/1644 , G01T1/2018
摘要： An X-ray detection device including a scintillator configured to convert gamma rays or X-rays into optical radiation, an optical image intensifier configured to intensify the optical radiation to generate intensified optical radiation, an optical coupling system configured to guide the intensified optical radiation, and a solid state detector configured to detect the intensified optical radiation to generate an interaction image representing an X-ray energy emission and to perform photon counting based on data of the interaction image.
摘要翻译： 一种X射线检测装置，包括被配置为将伽马射线或X射线转换成光学辐射的闪烁器，配置为强化光辐射以产生增强的光辐射的光学图像增强器，被配置为引导增强的光辐射的光耦合系统， 以及固体检测器，被配置为检测强化的光辐射以产生表示X射线能量发射的相互作用图像，并且基于交互图像的数据执行光子计数。
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公开(公告)号：US20090050811A1
公开(公告)日：2009-02-26
申请号：US12197120
申请日：2008-08-22
CPC分类号： G01T1/1644 , A61B6/037 , A61B6/4258 , A61B6/508 , G01T1/1642
摘要： A gamma-ray or X-ray detection device including a scintillator configured to convert gamma rays or X-rays into optical radiation, an optical image intensifier configured to intensify the optical radiation to generate intensified optical radiation, an optical coupling system configured to guide the intensified optical radiation, and a solid state detector configured to detect the intensified optical radiation to generate an interaction image representing a gamma-ray or X-ray energy emission.
摘要翻译： 一种包括配置成将伽马射线或X射线转换为光辐射的闪烁体的伽马射线或X射线检测装置，配置成强化光辐射以产生增强的光辐射的光学图像增强器，被配置为引导 增强的光辐射;以及固态检测器，被配置为检测强化的光辐射以产生表示伽马射线或X射线能量发射的相互作用图像。
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公开(公告)号：US06392235B1
公开(公告)日：2002-05-21
申请号：US09504417
申请日：2000-02-15
IPC分类号： G01T1161
CPC分类号： G01T1/295
摘要： A coded aperture is placed in proximity of a patient's body and a 2D coded image is acquired in conventional manner. The basic data-acquisition geometry is similar to that used in various coded-aperture systems. According to one aspect of the invention, additional coded images are acquired with different spacings between the aperture and the detector. Alternatively, additional coded images could be acquired with multiple movable apertures or by varying the location of the aperture relative to a patient. Another aspect of the invention resides in the recognition that presently available computer algorithms can process these multiple coded images in such a way as to estimate the integrals of the 3D object over a set of parallel cylindrical tubes extending through the volume of the target object. Such “tube integrals” can be thought of as the output of an ideal collimator where the sensitivity is confined to a tubular region of constant cross-section.
摘要翻译： 编码孔径放置在患者身体附近，并且以常规方式获取2D编码图像。 基本的数据采集几何与在各种编码孔径系统中使用的几何相似。 根据本发明的一个方面，在孔径和检测器之间采用不同间隔的附加编码图像。 或者，可以利用多个可移动孔或通过改变孔相对于患者的位置来获取附加编码图像。 本发明的另一方面在于认识到目前可用的计算机算法可以以这样的方式处理这些多个编码图像，以便通过延伸穿过目标对象的体积的一组平行圆柱形管来估计3D对象的积分。 这种“管积分”可以被认为是理想准直器的输出，其中灵敏度被限制在恒定横截面的管状区域。
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