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公开(公告)号：US07046358B2
公开(公告)日：2006-05-16
申请号：US10630035
申请日：2003-07-30
申请人： Delmar L. Barker , Harry A. Schmitt
发明人： Delmar L. Barker , Harry A. Schmitt
CPC分类号： G01N21/658 , G01N2021/1793
摘要： An identification system for identifying objects of interest is disclosed. The system includes an enhancement mechanism for enhancing Raman scattering from a plurality of Raman active molecules (RAMs). An interrogator transmits a signal toward an object of interest and receives a return signal therefrom. The return signal includes a Raman signature, and the interrogator classifies the object based on the Raman signature.
摘要翻译： 公开了用于识别感兴趣对象的识别系统。 该系统包括用于增强来自多个拉曼活性分子（RAM）的拉曼散射的增强机制。 询问器向感兴趣对象发送信号并从其接收返回信号。 返回信号包括拉曼签名，询问器根据拉曼签名对对象进行分类。
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公开(公告)号：US06756932B1
公开(公告)日：2004-06-29
申请号：US10459022
申请日：2003-06-10
IPC分类号： H01Q1700
CPC分类号： H01Q17/00
摘要： A method of absorbing microwave radiation is provided. The method comprises placing a structure in the path of the microwave radiation, the structure comprising an array of metal plates supported over a metal substrate by vertical conducting vias. The structure finds specific use in missiles having a dome portion that operates in a stealth mode. At least the inside of the dome portion is provided with the above-described structure for absorbing microwave radiation. The structure also finds use in anechoic chambers for use in testing microwave-emitting devices. Such anechoic chambers have walls, a floor, and a ceiling, which are provided with the above-described structure for absorbing microwave radiation. Surface patterning is thus used to enhance the micro-wave absorption. In addition, the frequency over which the material is highly absorptive can be shifted by changing the height of the structure, thus allowing active control (“tunable in real time”).
摘要翻译： 提供了一种吸收微波辐射的方法。 该方法包括将结构放置在微波辐射的路径中，该结构包括通过垂直导电通孔在金属衬底上支撑的金属板阵列。 该结构在具有以隐形模式操作的圆顶部分的导弹中具体使用。 至少穹顶部分的内部具有用于吸收微波辐射的上述结构。 该结构还可用于消声室，用于测试微波发射器件。 这种消声室具有墙壁，地板和天花板，其具有用于吸收微波辐射的上述结构。 因此，表面图案化用于增强微波吸收。 此外，通过改变结构的高度可以移动材料高度吸收的频率，从而允许主动控制（“实时调节”）。
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3.发明授权System and method for tracking beam-aspect targets with combined Kalman and particle filters 有权用Kalman和粒子滤波器跟踪光束方向目标的系统和方法公开(公告)号：US07046188B2
公开(公告)日：2006-05-16
申请号：US10640993
申请日：2003-08-14
IPC分类号： G01S13/526 , G01S13/18 , G01S13/528
CPC分类号： G01S13/723
摘要： Systems and methods of tracking a beam-aspect target are provided. In embodiments, a target is tracked with a Kalman filter while detections are received. After a detection is missed, the Kalman filter may be concurrently propagated with a blind-zone particle filter until a probability that the target is in a blind zone exceeds a threshold. When the probability exceeds the threshold, the Kalman filter may refrain from further propagating. After a gated detection is received, the blind-zone particle filter and an unrestricted-zone particle filter may be concurrently propagated while a probability that the target is in an unrestricted zone exceeds a threshold. The system may return to tracking with the Kalman filter when a covariance of the unrestricted-zone particle filter falls below a predetermined covariance.
摘要翻译： 提供了跟踪光束方向目标的系统和方法。 在实施例中，当接收到检测时，用卡尔曼滤波器跟踪目标。 在错过检测之后，卡尔曼滤波器可以用盲区粒子滤波器同时传播，直到目标在盲区中的概率超过阈值。 当概率超过阈值时，卡尔曼滤波器可以避免进一步传播。 在接收到选通检测之后，盲目区域粒子滤波器和非限制区域粒子滤波器可以同时传播，而目标在无限制区域中的概率超过阈值。 当非限制区域粒子滤波器的协方差低于预定的协方差时，系统可以使用卡尔曼滤波器返回跟踪。
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4.发明授权Multi-resolution object classification method employing kinematic features and system therefor 有权使用运动特征的多分辨率对象分类方法及其系统公开(公告)号：US06393137B1
公开(公告)日：2002-05-21
申请号：US09335427
申请日：1999-06-17
申请人： Hai-Wen Chen , Harry A. Schmitt , Jack G. Riddle
发明人： Hai-Wen Chen , Harry A. Schmitt , Jack G. Riddle
IPC分类号： G06K900
CPC分类号： G06K9/522
摘要： A multi-resolution feature extraction method and apparatus. In the illustrative embodiment, the feature extractor includes circuitry for receiving and transforming a time variant data signal into a multi-resolution data signal. The multi-resolution data signal is compared to each of a plurality of object templates. The system then generates a feature vector based on a correlation of the multi-resolution data signal to one of the object templates. The multi-resolution feature extraction method employs object templates formed by transforming time variant image data for each of a plurality of objects into a respective multi-resolution template and averaging all templates for each respective object. The method includes steps for transforming an incoming time variant data signal into a multi-resolution data signal, comparing the multi-resolution data signal to each of the object templates, and generating a feature vector when the multi-resolution data signal correlates to one of the object templates. In a more specific implementation, the method further includes the steps of calculating a confusion matrix (CM), classifying the feature vectors as one of the objects to thereby produce classified objects responsive to the CM, and selecting a target from the classified objects. A multi-resolution feature extractor according to the present invention employs object templates formed by transforming time variant image data for each of a plurality of objects into a respective multi-resolution template and averaging all templates for each respective object to thereby generate object templates.
摘要翻译： 一种多分辨率特征提取方法和装置。 在说明性实施例中，特征提取器包括用于接收时变数据信号并将其变换为多分辨率数据信号的电路。 将多分辨率数据信号与多个对象模板中的每一个进行比较。 然后，系统基于多分辨率数据信号与对象模板之一的相关性生成特征向量。 多分辨率特征提取方法使用通过将多个对象中的每一个的时间变量图像数据变换为相应的多分辨率模板而形成的对象模板，并对每个相应对象的所有模板进行平均。 该方法包括以下步骤：将输入时变数据信号变换为多分辨率数据信号，将多分辨率数据信号与每个对象模板进行比较，以及当多分辨率数据信号与 对象模板。 在更具体的实现中，该方法还包括以下步骤：计算混淆矩阵（CM），将特征向量分类为对象之一，从而响应于CM产生分类对象，并从分类对象中选择目标。 根据本发明的多分辨率特征提取器采用通过将多个对象中的每一个的时间变量图像数据变换为相应的多分辨率模板而形成的对象模板，并对每个相应对象的所有模板进行平均，从而生成对象模板。
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5.发明授权System and method of orbital angular momentum (OAM) diverse signal processing using classical beams 有权使用经典光束的轨道角动量（OAM）系统和方法进行多种信号处理公开(公告)号：US07701381B2
公开(公告)日：2010-04-20
申请号：US12198400
申请日：2008-08-26
IPC分类号： G01S13/74
CPC分类号： G01S17/74 , G01S7/024 , G01S7/499 , G01S13/751 , G01S13/78
摘要： The present invention describes a system and method of OAM diverse signal processing using classical beams for applications in which OAM signal character is controlled such as optical tagging and applications in which OAM signal character is not controlled such as clutter mitigation and interference cancellation for target detection, identification etc. This is accomplished by transmitting a source beam having a prescribed state with one or more non-zero OAM components, reflecting the beam off a ‘tagged’ or ‘untagged’ target and receiving the return beam in the direct return path to measure the one or more OAM components to identify the target. OAM processing provides additional degrees of processing freedom to greatly enhance the processing capabilities to detect and identify both ‘tagged’ and ‘untagged’ targets.
摘要翻译： 本发明描述了使用经典波束对OAM信号字符进行控制的应用的OAM多种信号处理的系统和方法，例如光标签和OAM信号字符不被控制的应用，例如用于目标检测的杂波减轻和干扰消除， 识别等。这是通过用一个或多个非零OAM分量发射具有规定状态的源光束来实现的，将光束反射出“标记”或“未标记”目标，并在直接返回路径中接收返回光束以测量 一个或多个OAM组件来标识目标。 OAM处理提供了额外的处理自由度，以大大提高处理能力，以检测和识别“标记”和“未标记”目标。
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6.发明申请SYSTEM AND METHOD OF ORBITAL ANGULAR MOMENTUM (OAM) DIVERSE SIGNAL PROCESSING USING CLASSICAL BEAMS 有权使用古典贝叶斯的ORA多角度信号处理系统与方法公开(公告)号：US20100013696A1
公开(公告)日：2010-01-21
申请号：US12198400
申请日：2008-08-26
IPC分类号： G01S13/00
CPC分类号： G01S17/74 , G01S7/024 , G01S7/499 , G01S13/751 , G01S13/78
摘要： The present invention describes a system and method of OAM diverse signal processing using classical beams for applications in which OAM signal character is controlled such as optical tagging and applications in which OAM signal character is not controlled such as clutter mitigation and interference cancellation for target detection, identification etc. This is accomplished by transmitting a source beam having a prescribed state with one or more non-zero OAM components, reflecting the beam off a ‘tagged’ or ‘untagged’ target and receiving the return beam in the direct return path to measure the one or more OAM components to identify the target. OAM processing provides additional degrees of processing freedom to greatly enhance the processing capabilities to detect and identify both ‘tagged’ and ‘untagged’ targets.
摘要翻译： 本发明描述了使用经典波束对OAM信号字符进行控制的应用的OAM多种信号处理的系统和方法，例如光标签和OAM信号字符不被控制的应用，例如用于目标检测的杂波减轻和干扰消除， 识别等。这是通过用一个或多个非零OAM分量发射具有规定状态的源光束来实现的，将光束反射出“标记”或“未标记”目标，并在直接返回路径中接收返回光束以测量 一个或多个OAM组件来标识目标。 OAM处理提供了额外的处理自由度，以大大提高处理能力，以检测和识别“标记”和“未标记”目标。
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公开(公告)号：US06967539B2
公开(公告)日：2005-11-22
申请号：US10643278
申请日：2003-08-18
CPC分类号： H03L7/04
摘要： An oscillator to generate a low phase-noise reference signal at an oscillation frequency includes a frequency generator to generate the reference signal responsive to a control signal, and a delay element made of a high-temperature superconductor material. The delay element time-delays the reference signal and provides a low phase-noise time-delayed reference signal when cooled to a cryogenic temperature. The oscillator includes a phase detector to generate the control signal from a phase difference between the time-delayed reference signal and a phase-shifted reference signal. The delay element may comprise a coplanar waveguide having a length between 500 and 1000 meters arranged randomly on a substrate having a diameter of between five and thirteen centimeters. The delay element may provide a delay ranging from five to fifteen microseconds. The coplanar waveguide may be comprised of Yttrium-Barium-Copper Oxide disposed on either a Lanthanum-Aluminum Oxide or a Magnesium Oxide substrate.
摘要翻译： 用于在振荡频率下产生低相位噪声参考信号的振荡器包括响应于控制信号产生参考信号的频率发生器和由高温超导体材料制成的延迟元件。 延迟元件对参考信号进行时间延迟，并在冷却至低温时提供低相位噪声时间延迟参考信号。 该振荡器包括相位检测器，用于根据延迟时间的参考信号和相移参考信号之间的相位差产生控制信号。 延迟元件可以包括具有在500和1000米之间的长度的共面波导，其随机地布置在直径在5至13厘米之间的基底上。 延迟元件可以提供从5到15微秒的延迟。 共面波导可以由设置在镧 - 氧化铝或氧化镁衬底上的钇 - 氧化铜 - 氧化铜组成。
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8.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06788273B1
公开(公告)日：2004-09-07
申请号：US10246828
申请日：2002-09-19
IPC分类号： H01Q1502
摘要： A compensated radome is provided, comprising an inner layer of a negative index of refraction material, often referred to as a “metamaterial”, and an outer layer of a positive index of refraction material. The thickness of the two materials and their respective refractive indices are adjusted so that a beam of light passing through the radome is effectively not refracted. The metamaterial-compensated radomes solve the bore sight angle problem with a minimum of complexity.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种补偿天线罩，其包括负折射率材料的内层，通常被称为“超材料”，以及正折射材料折射率的外层。 调整两种材料的厚度和它们各自的折射率，使得穿过天线罩的光束实际上不被折射。 超材料补偿天线罩以最小的复杂度解决井眼视角问题。
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公开(公告)号：US06243498B1
公开(公告)日：2001-06-05
申请号：US09175213
申请日：1998-10-19
IPC分类号： G06K903
CPC分类号： H04N5/2353 , H04N5/33 , H04N5/365
摘要： A system and method adapted for use with a focal plane array of electromagnetic energy detectors to receive first and second frames of image data from electromagnetic energy received from at least a portion of a scene. The first frame is a focused frame and the second frame is an unfocused frame. In a feed-forward path the system compares the first frame to the second frame and provides an error signal in response thereto. In a main path, the system multiplies at least a portion of the second frame of image data with the error signal to provide an noise error corrected output signal. In the preferred embodiment, the error signal is scaled prior to being multiplied by the second frame. An anti-mean (high pass) filter is provided to remove dome shading effects from the frames of image data. In the best mode, the anti-mean filter is disposed in the main path and blurred and focused outputs therefrom are weighted, averaged and stored. The weighted, averaged and stored focused frames are compared to the weighted, averaged and stored blurred frames to provide a fixed pattern noise error signal. A temporal noise error signal is identified from the weighted, averaged and stored focused frames. The fixed pattern and temporal noise error signals are fed forward and shunted from a current frame using multiplication or division. Thereafter, a constant mean value may be added to provide the output signal. Pixel replacement is consolidated into a single circuit and positioned prior to the anti-mean filter.
摘要翻译： 一种适于与电磁能量检测器的焦平面阵列一起使用以从从场景的至少一部分接收的电磁能接收图像数据的第一和第二帧的系统和方法。 第一帧是聚焦帧，第二帧是未聚焦的帧。 在前馈路径中，系统将第一帧与第二帧进行比较，并提供响应于此的错误信号。 在主路径中，系统将图像数据的第二帧的至少一部分与误差信号相乘，以提供噪声误差校正的输出信号。 在优选实施例中，误差信号在乘以第二帧之前被缩放。 提供反平均（高通）滤光片以从图像数据帧中去除圆顶遮蔽效果。 在最佳模式中，反平均滤波器设置在主路径中，并对其进行模糊和聚焦的输出进行加权，平均和存储。 将加权的，平均的和存储的聚焦帧与加权的，平均的和存储的模糊帧进行比较，以提供固定模式噪声误差信号。 从加权的，平均的和存储的聚焦帧识别时间噪声误差信号。 固定模式和时间噪声误差信号使用乘法或除法从当前帧向前馈送并分流。 此后，可以添加恒定的平均值以提供输出信号。 像素替换被整合到单个电路中，并位于反平均滤波器之前。
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公开(公告)号：US07145124B2
公开(公告)日：2006-12-05
申请号：US10941204
申请日：2004-09-15
IPC分类号： H01L31/232 , H04N5/335
CPC分类号： G02B6/1225 , B82Y20/00 , G02F1/03 , G02F2202/32 , H01L27/14625 , H04N5/33 , H04N5/332 , H04N5/345
摘要： On-chip multispectral imaging and data management is provided in the form of an Adaptive Focal Plane Array (AFPA) that is capable of spectral tunability at the pixel level. Layers of photonic crystals are registered with pixels of a broadband focal plane array. Spectral tuning is accomplished by switching the photonic crystal layers on/off and/or by changing their material structure to tune their photonic band gaps and provide a passband for incident photons. The photonic crystal layers are preferably segmented to independently address different regions or “cells” of pixels down to a pixel-by-pixel resolution. The AFPA may simultaneously sense different regions of a scene at different spectral wavelengths, spatial resolutions and sensitivities.
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