公开(公告)号：US06740866B1

公开(公告)日：2004-05-25

申请号：US09868188

申请日：2001-06-15

申请人： Klaus Bohnert ,  Hubert Brändle

发明人： Klaus Bohnert ,  Hubert Brändle

IPC分类号： G01J508

CPC分类号： G01L11/025

摘要： The subject matter of the present invention is a fiber Bragg grating sensor 1, 25 which is suitable, in particular, for measuring differential pressures and flow rates v1 in oil drill holes. The sensor principle according to the invention is based on using a transducer 1 with two pressure chambers 7a, 7b to convert a hydrostatic pressure difference between two liquid or gaseous media 11a, 11b into a longitudinal fiber elongation or fiber compression and measuring it via the displacement of the Bragg wavelength &Dgr;&lgr;B of at least one fiber Bragg grating 3, 4. Exemplary embodiments are specified which have two fiber Bragg gratings 3, 4 which are sensitive to elongation in opposite senses and which have temperature-compensating transducers 1, and which have a plurality of transducers 1 in a wavelength-division-multiplexing configuration. One embodiment relates to measuring a flow rate v1 with the aid of a venturi tube 23.

摘要翻译： 本发明的主题是一种光纤布拉格光栅传感器，其特别适用于测量油钻孔中的压差和流量v1。 根据本发明的传感器原理基于使用具有两个压力室7a，7b的换能器1将两个液体或气体介质11a，11b之间的静水压力差转换成纵向纤维伸长或纤维压缩，并通过位移 具有至少一个光纤布拉格光栅3,4的布拉格波长偏差λB的示例性实施例。具有两个光纤布拉格光栅3,4的示例性实施例，这两个光纤布拉格光栅3,4对相反感觉的伸长敏感并且具有温度补偿换能器1，并且具有 多个换能器1以波分复用配置。 一个实施例涉及借助文丘里管23测量流量v1。

公开(公告)号：US07373056B2

公开(公告)日：2008-05-13

申请号：US10534068

申请日：2003-11-06

申请人： Klaus Bohnert ,  Philippe Gabus ,  Hubert Brändle

发明人： Klaus Bohnert ,  Philippe Gabus ,  Hubert Brändle

IPC分类号： G02B6/44 ,  G02B6/02 ,  G02B6/028 ,  G02B6/032 ,  G02B6/036 ,  G02B6/36 ,  G02B6/38 ,  G01J1/04 ,  G01J1/42 ,  G01J5/08 ,  G01J4/00

CPC分类号： G02B6/442

摘要： A high-voltage component, having a first end and a second end, whereby the first end is on a high-voltage potential with respect to the second end. An insulating part, is arranged between the first end and the second end, and an optical fiber is integrated in the high-voltage component and extends from the first end to the second end. A capillary extends from the first end to the second end and is arranged within the insulating part. The inside diameter of the capillary exceeds the outside diameter of the fiber, and the fiber is arranged within the capillary. The capillary includes a protective medium to achieve a dielectric strength in the capillary, which dielectric strength is suitable for the operating conditions.

摘要翻译： 一种高压部件，具有第一端和第二端，由此第一端相对于第二端处于高电位。 绝缘部分布置在第一端和第二端之间，并且光纤集成在高压部件中并且从第一端延伸到第二端。 毛细管从第一端延伸到第二端，并且布置在绝缘部分内。 毛细管的内径超过纤维的外径，纤维布置在毛细管内。 毛细管包括在毛细管中获得介电强度的保护介质，其介电强度适合于操作条件。

公开(公告)号：US07339680B2

公开(公告)日：2008-03-04

申请号：US10922944

申请日：2004-08-23

申请人： Klaus Bohnert ,  Philippe Gabus ,  Hubert Brändle

发明人： Klaus Bohnert ,  Philippe Gabus ,  Hubert Brändle

IPC分类号： G01B9/02

CPC分类号： G01R15/246 ,  G01R33/032

摘要： The fiber-optic sensor head (2) for a current or magnetic field sensor comprises an optical fiber which contains a magnetooptically active sensor fiber (3) and at least one polarization-maintaining supply fiber (5), which are optically connected, with the sensor fiber (3) having its fiber protective sheath removed. The sensor head (2) furthermore contains a capillary (6), in which at least the sensor fiber (3) is arranged. Furthermore, the sensor head (2) can be bent in the area of the sensor fiber (3), and a friction reducing means (7) is provided in the capillary (6), in order to reduce the friction between the sensor fiber (3) and the capillary (6). The friction reducing means (7) is advantageously an oil or a dry lubricating means (7). The capillary (6) is advantageously encased by a capillary casing (8). The sensor (2) allows very largely temperature-dependent measurements, is easy to install and allows measurements on large cross-section conductors.

摘要翻译： 用于电流或磁场传感器的光纤传感器头（2）包括光纤，该光纤包含磁光有源传感器光纤（3）和至少一个光学连接的偏振保持光纤（5） 传感器光纤（3），其光纤保护套被去除。 传感器头（2）还包含毛细管（6），其中布置有至少传感器光纤（3）。 此外，传感器头（2）可以在传感器光纤（3）的区域中弯曲，并且在毛细管（6）中设置有摩擦减小装置（7），以便减少传感器光纤（ 3）和毛细管（6）。 减摩装置（7）有利地是油或干式润滑装置（7）。 毛细管（6）有利地由毛细管壳体（8）包围。 传感器（2）允许很大程度上依赖于温度的测量，易于安装并允许在大横截面导体上进行测量。

公开(公告)号：US06885182B2

公开(公告)日：2005-04-26

申请号：US10804160

申请日：2004-03-19

申请人： Klaus Bohnert ,  Andreas Frank ,  Hubert Brändle

发明人： Klaus Bohnert ,  Andreas Frank ,  Hubert Brändle

IPC分类号： G01R15/24 ,  G01R19/00

CPC分类号： G01R15/242

摘要： The electra-optical voltage sensor has an electra-optically active medium and a distance medium between two electrodes, between which the voltage V to be measured is present. The media and the thicknesses d1, d2 of the media are chosen in such a way that the measured voltage signal has no temperature dependence. By way of example, the thicknesses d1, d2 are chosen in such a way that the influence of the temperature dependences of critical electra-optical coefficients and dielectric constants of the media on the voltage signal cancel one another out. The two media are advantageously arranged in the form of a rod, comprising an alternating arrangement of cylindrical elements of the two media, between the electrodes. BGO and fused silica may advantageously be used as media. The sensor is preferably cast in silicone. It is possible to realize a mechanically stable, temperature-stabilized voltage sensor with low reflection losses, a large half wave voltage and a small sensitivity toward disturbances of the electric field.

摘要翻译： 电光学电压传感器具有电光活性介质和两个电极之间的距离介质，在两个电极之间存在要测量的电压V. 介质和介质的厚度d 1，D 2，N 2被选择为使得所测量的电压信号没有温度依赖性。 作为示例，选择厚度d 1，d 2 2，使得对临界电光学系数和介电常数的温度依赖性的影响 介质上的电压信号相互抵消。 两个介质有利地以杆的形式布置，包括两个介质的圆柱形元件在电极之间的交替布置。 BGO和熔融石英可有利地用作介质。 该传感器优选用硅树脂铸造。 可以实现具有低反射损耗，大的半波电压和对电场干扰的小灵敏度的机械稳定的温度稳定的电压传感器。

公开(公告)号：US06876188B2

公开(公告)日：2005-04-05

申请号：US10805517

申请日：2004-03-22

申请人： Klaus Bohnert ,  Andreas Frank ,  Hubert Brändle

发明人： Klaus Bohnert ,  Andreas Frank ,  Hubert Brändle

IPC分类号： G01R15/24 ,  G01R19/00 ,  G01R31/00

CPC分类号： G01R15/242 ,  G01R15/247 ,  G01R19/0084

摘要： The voltage sensor for measurement of a voltage V, which is present between two electrodes (3, 4) and generates an electric field E, comprises at least two layers (1a, 2a) made of electro-optically active material and being arranged along a light path (5). Through the layers there passes a light beam, the phase and/or state of polarization of which is influenced on account of the electro-optical effect. The orientation of the electro-optically active layers (1a, 2a) relative to the light path and the electric field E is chosen in such a way, that the influencing of the light (5) in the second layer (2a) counteracts the influencing of the light (5) in the first layer (1a). In this way, it is possible to realize a sensor with a high half wave voltage, so that high voltages V can be measured unambiguously. A plurality of first and second electro-optically active layers are advantageously arranged between the electrodes (3, 4).

摘要翻译： 用于测量存在于两个电极（3,4）之间并产生电场E的电压V的电压传感器包括至少两层由电光活性材料制成的层（1a，2a），沿着 光路（5）。 通过这些层，通过光束，由于电光效应影响其相位和/或其极化状态。 以这样的方式选择电光活性层（1a，2a）相对于光路和电场E的取向，使得第二层（2a）中的光（5）的影响抵消影响 的第一层（1a）中的光（5）。 以这种方式，可以实现具有高半波电压的传感器，从而可以明确地测量高电压V. 多个第一和第二电光活性层有利地布置在电极（3,4）之间。

公开(公告)号：US06597821B1

公开(公告)日：2003-07-22

申请号：US09869120

申请日：2001-06-25

申请人： Klaus Bohnert ,  Hubert Brändle

发明人： Klaus Bohnert ,  Hubert Brändle

IPC分类号： G02B6100

CPC分类号： G01F1/44 ,  G01L1/246 ,  G01L11/025

摘要： The present invention relates to a fiber laser pressure sensor 1 which is suitable in particular for measuring differential pressures and flow velocities v1 in oil boreholes. The fiber laser 2 according to the invention comprises two sensor fiber segments 5a, 5b subjected to different pressure loading, in which segments a birefringence proportional to the differential pressure &Dgr;p=p1−p2, and consequently a beat frequency, is induced between the polarization modes or spatial modes in the fiber laser 2. Exemplary embodiments with polarimetric monomode fibers 5a, 5b and/or with elliptical two-mode fibers 5a, 5b are specified. Furthermore, pressure-resistant multichamber sensor housings 25 and wavelength division multiplex arrangements are disclosed for the fiber laser pressure sensor 1. One advantage is that the pressure signal is wavelength-coded and thus highly insensitive to interference. It can be read out directly fiber-optically over large distances between the passively optical sensor head 1 and the optoelectronic measuring device 12, 17. One application concerns the measurement of a flow velocity v1 with the aid of a Venturi tube 23.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种光纤激光压力传感器1，其特别适用于测量油井中的压差和流速。 根据本发明的光纤激光器2包括经受不同压力负载的两个传感器光纤段5a，5b，其中在偏振模式之间感应出与压差DELTAp = p1-p2成比例的双折射以及因此的拍频 或空间模式。具体说明了具有偏振单模光纤5a，5b和/或椭圆形双模光纤5a，5b的示例性实施例。 此外，公开了用于光纤激光压力传感器1的耐压多室传感器壳体25和波分复用布置。一个优点是压力信号是波长编码的，因此对干扰非常不敏感。 它可以在被动光学传感器头1和光电测量装置12,17之间的大距离上直接光纤读出。一个应用涉及借助于文氏管23测量流速v1。

公开(公告)号：US08233754B2

公开(公告)日：2012-07-31

申请号：US12488779

申请日：2009-06-22

申请人： Klaus Bohnert ,  Andreas Frank ,  Hubert Brändle

发明人： Klaus Bohnert ,  Andreas Frank ,  Hubert Brändle

IPC分类号： G02B6/00 ,  G02B6/02

CPC分类号： G01R15/242 ,  G01R15/247

摘要： An electro-optical high-voltage sensor includes a waveguiding sensing fiber of an electro-optical material. The electrical field of the voltage to be measured is substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the sensing fiber. The sensing fiber carries two orthogonally polarized light waves, with the applied field affecting the birefringence between the waves. Using an electro-optical waveguiding fiber in this configuration allows the voltage between two widely spaced points to be accurately measured.

摘要翻译： 电光高压传感器包括电光材料的波导感测光纤。 要测量的电压的电场基本上平行于感测光纤的纵向轴线。 感测光纤承载两个正交偏振光波，其中施加的场影响波之间的双折射。 在这种结构中使用电光波导纤维可以精确地测量两个广泛间隔的点之间的电压。

公开(公告)号：US07251023B2

公开(公告)日：2007-07-31

申请号：US10512574

申请日：2003-04-29

申请人： Klaus Bohnert ,  Karim Haroud ,  Andreas Frank ,  Hubert Brändle

发明人： Klaus Bohnert ,  Karim Haroud ,  Andreas Frank ,  Hubert Brändle

IPC分类号： G01N21/00

CPC分类号： H01S3/0675 ,  G01D5/344 ,  G01L1/246 ,  G01L9/0079 ,  G01L11/025 ,  H01S3/06712 ,  H01S3/08031 ,  H01S3/1053

摘要： A high-resolution fiber laser sensor for measuring a quantity to be measured M has a pumping light source, a fiber laser and a detection/evaluating unit. The fiber laser has: a birefringent first end reflector, a second end reflector, a laser-amplifying fiber, a sensor fiber and a mode coupling. The laser-amplifying fiber, the sensor fiber and the mode coupling are arranged between the end reflectors. In the fiber laser, light is capable of propagating in two optical states which are orthogonal to one another due to their polarization and/or their transversal space structure. The orthogonal optical states can be coupled to one another by the mode coupling. In the fiber laser, a number of longitudinal modes are capable of oscillating in each of the two optical states. In the sensor fiber a change in the birefringence for the two orthogonal optical states can be achieved by interaction of the quantity to be measured with the sensor fiber.

摘要翻译： 用于测量待测量M的高分辨率光纤激光传感器具有泵浦光源，光纤激光器和检测/评估单元。 光纤激光器具有：双折射第一端反射器，第二端反射器，激光放大光纤，传感器光纤和模式耦合。 激光放大光纤，传感器光纤和模式耦合设置在端反射器之间。 在光纤激光器中，由于它们的极化和/或它们的横向空间结构，光能够以两个彼此正交的光学状态传播。 正交光学状态可以通过模式耦合彼此耦合。 在光纤激光器中，多个纵向模式能够在两个光学状态中的每一个中振荡。 在传感器光纤中，两个正交光学状态的双折射变化可以通过将待测量与传感器光纤的相互作用来实现。

公开(公告)号：US06628869B2

公开(公告)日：2003-09-30

申请号：US09725800

申请日：2000-11-30

申请人： Klaus Bohnert ,  Hubert Brändle ,  Philippe Gabus

发明人： Klaus Bohnert ,  Hubert Brändle ,  Philippe Gabus

IPC分类号： G02B602

CPC分类号： G02B6/2551 ,  C03B37/15 ,  C03B2203/18 ,  C03B2203/20 ,  C03B2203/36 ,  G02B6/105 ,  G02B6/34

摘要： A method is described for producing a fiberoptic waveguide with a basic segment (11) and a phase shift segment (12), the basic segment (11) and phase shift segment (12) having fiber cores (K) of the same form and the fiber cores being aligned at a defined angle (&agr;) to one another. In the method, use is made of an optical fiber (1) having a fiber core (K) of the abovenamed form, which fiber is twisted at least approximately by the abovenamed defined angle (&agr;) and held fixed in this torsional position. Subsequently, a stress-relief zone (13) is heated inside the twisted fiber (1) until the torsion is released inside the stress-relief zone (13) and the basic segment (11) is produced on one side of the stress-relief zone (13) and the phase shift segment (12) is produced on the other side. In this case, the fixing of the torsional position is maintained until after solidification of the stress-relief zone (13).

摘要翻译： 描述了一种用于制造具有基本段（11）和相移段（12）的纤维光波导的方法，具有相同形式的光纤芯（K）的基本段（11）和相移段（12）以及 纤维芯以相互限定的角度（α）对准。 在该方法中，使用具有上述形式的纤维芯（K）的光纤（1），该纤维至少大约被上述限定角度（α）扭转并保持固定在该扭转位置。 随后，在扭转的纤维（1）内加热应力消除区（13），直到在应力释放区（13）内释放扭转，并且在应力释放的一侧产生基部段（11） 在另一侧产生区域（13）和相移段（12）。 在这种情况下，维持扭转位置的固定直到应力消除区（13）凝固。

公开(公告)号：US06563970B1

公开(公告)日：2003-05-13

申请号：US09623056

申请日：2000-08-25

申请人： Klaus Bohnert ,  Hubert Brändle ,  Patrick Bodor

发明人： Klaus Bohnert ,  Hubert Brändle ,  Patrick Bodor

IPC分类号： G01L900

CPC分类号： G01L9/0007 ,  G01L9/0032 ,  G01L11/025

摘要： The subject-matter of the present invention is a wavelength-coded fiber Bragg grating pressure sensor 1 which is suitable, in particular, for use in the case of high pressures and temperatures in oil drill holes. The sensor principle according to the invention is based on the fact that the hydrostatic pressure of a liquid or gaseous medium 11 is converted with the aid of a transducer 1 into a longitudinal fiber elongation or fiber compression. The transducer 1 comprises a measuring or pressure cylinder 7a which exchanges pressure with the medium 11, and a reference cylinder 7b which is shielded from the medium 11 or oppositely pressure-loaded. Temperature-compensated transducers 1 with a temperature-independent Bragg wavelength &lgr;B can be realized by introducing a suitable temperature dependence of the mechanical prestressing of the pressure sensor fiber 3 by selecting the materials, lengths and arrangements of the fiber holder supports 5a, 5b. A fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor 19, 20 can be provided, in addition. Also specified are transducers 1 with other cylinder arrangements 7a, 7b, and a wavelength-division multiplex configuration with several transducers 1.

摘要翻译： 本发明的主题是波长编码的光纤布拉格光栅压力传感器1，其特别适用于在油钻孔中的高压和高温的情况下。 根据本发明的传感器原理是基于以下事实：液体或气体介质11的静水压力借助换能器1转换成纵向纤维伸长或纤维压缩。 换能器1包括与介质11交换压力的测量或压力缸7a以及与介质11屏蔽或相反压力加载的参考气缸7b。 通过选择纤维保持器支撑件5a，5b的材料，长度和布置，通过引入压力传感器纤维3的机械预应力的合适的温度依赖性，可以实现具有与温度无关的布拉格波长lambdB的温度补偿换能器1。 此外，还可以提供光纤布拉格光栅温度传感器19,20。 还规定了具有其它气缸装置7a，7b的换能器1和具有多个换能器1的波分复用配置。