摘要:
A method and apparatus for improving the wettability with pure water of the surface of a substrate, in particular, a silicon wafer from which the oxide film has been removed, whereby pure water is brought into contact with the surface of silicon, so that the impurities on the silicon can be completely cleaned away.One feature resides in that microwaves are applied in a state where water is brought into contact with a catalyst. Furthermore, another feature resides in that a catalyst holding means, in which the catalyst is held so as to come in contact with water introduced to the interior thereof, and a microwave producing means for applying the microwaves to the water introduced into the catalyst holding means are provided in the intermediate portion of a piping for delivering the pure water to a use point.
摘要:
Heat exchange water for cooling an object of heat exchange such as machinery, air, or liquid, which serves to prevent oxidation and deterioration of metal materials used in pipes for supplying/circulating the heat exchange water or in the liquid ends of the heat exchanger, to suppress growth of algae and microorganisms, and to reduce influence on the environment. The heat exchange water is reductive water having zero or negative standard oxidation-reduction potential as determined on the basis of the hydrogen electrode standard.
摘要:
A heat exchange cooling system for cooling an object of heat exchange such as machinery, air, or liquid is provided. The system includes a heat exchanger, a cooling water supply device, cooling water circulation piping, a flow rate adjustment valve, a cooling water supply system, and a controller for controlling the flow rate of cooling water. The system includes separate loops for the circulation piping and the cooling supply system. The separate loops are coupled to one another at an inlet and an outlet of the system.