公开(公告)号：US4394725A

公开(公告)日：1983-07-19

申请号：US966371

申请日：1978-12-04

申请人： Jacques Bienvenu ,  Patrick Dufond ,  Claude Carre ,  Duc L. Tuong ,  Henri Verdier ,  Philippe-Hubert deRivet ,  John J. Bradley ,  Benjamin S. Franklin

发明人： Jacques Bienvenu ,  Patrick Dufond ,  Claude Carre ,  Duc L. Tuong ,  Henri Verdier ,  Philippe-Hubert deRivet ,  John J. Bradley ,  Benjamin S. Franklin

IPC分类号： G06F9/46 ,  G06F9/00

CPC分类号： G06F9/52

摘要： A method of and apparatus for executing a family of instructions provides synchronization of processes in a multiprocessing system. Representations of processes awaiting data (information units) such as the completion of an asynchronous operation or the availability of a resource are stored in a memory in a first queue and representations of information units available to processes are stored in memory in a second queue. Transfer of information units between processes is controlled by data elements known as "semaphores" stored in the memory. Each semaphore contains a field having a numerical value identifying which of the two different kinds of queues is present. When a P instruction is executed by a process indicating that the process requires data in order to continue operating or a V instruction is executed indicating that an information unit is available for transfer to another process, a semaphore is addresses and its field tested to determine whether processes or information units are available to enable the information transfer between processes to be effected. Once the information transfer is completed, the field of the addressed semaphore is up-dated.

摘要翻译： 用于执行指令族的方法和装置提供多处理系统中的进程的同步。 等待数据（信息单元）的处理（诸如异步操作的完成或资源的可用性）的表示被存储在第一队列中的存储器中，并且可用于处理的信息单元的表示被存储在第二队列中的存储器中。 在进程之间传送信息单元由存储在存储器中的被称为“信号量”的数据元素控制。 每个信号量包含具有数值的字段，其识别两种不同类型的队列中存在哪一种。 当通过指示该过程需要数据以继续操作的指令执行P指令或执行表示信息单元可用于传送到另一进程的V指令时，信号量是地址，并且其字段被测试以确定是否 流程或信息单元可用于实现进程之间的信息传递。 一旦信息传递完成，寻址的信号量的字段就被更新。

公开(公告)号：US4369494A

公开(公告)日：1983-01-18

申请号：US959096

申请日：1978-11-09

申请人： Jacques Bienvenu ,  Claude Carre ,  Patrick Dufond ,  Duc L. Tuong ,  Philippe-Hubert deRivet ,  Henri Verdier ,  John J. Bradley ,  Benjamin S. Franklin

发明人： Jacques Bienvenu ,  Claude Carre ,  Patrick Dufond ,  Duc L. Tuong ,  Philippe-Hubert deRivet ,  Henri Verdier ,  John J. Bradley ,  Benjamin S. Franklin

IPC分类号： G06F9/46 ,  G06F9/00

CPC分类号： G06F9/52

摘要： An information structure, or semaphore, serves as a signalling mechanism in process synchronization to connect a process and a non-simultaneously occurring event or resource. The semaphore is a data structure which stores representations of processes awaiting particular events or alternatively stores representations of events awaiting processes. Semaphore data structures are developed in two storage areas. First and second groups of process links are stored in the first storage area to establish, respectively, a first queue of processes ready to operate and a second queue, associated with the semaphore structure, of processes awaiting occurrences of a first particular event prior to being ready to operate. In the second storage area are stored first and second groups of message links to establish respectively a first queue, associated with a semaphore structure, representing second particular events and a second queue of unused links. A signal is generated in response to operation of a first process to denote the occurrence of a first event. In response to the signal, the first event is associated with a process represented by a process link in the second queue of process links when the first event is the first particular event. When no queue has a process link identifying a process awaiting the occurrence of the first event, a representation of the first event occurrence is stored in a message link of the second queue of message links to be transferred to the first queue of message links. Process and event occurrence representations are thus transferred among the process and event queues during synchronization that takes place between the processes and events.

摘要翻译： 信息结构或信号量用作过程同步中的信号机制，以连接过程和非同时发生的事件或资源。 信号量是存储等待特定事件的进程的表示的数据结构，或者存储等待进程的事件的表示。 信号量数据结构在两个存储区域中开发。 第一和第二组进程链接被存储在第一存储区域中，以分别建立与准备操作的进程的第一队列和与信号量结构相关联的第二队列等待在第一特定事件发生之前的进程 准备操作。 在第二存储区域中存储第一和第二组消息链路，以分别建立与表示第二特定事件的信号量结构相关联的第一队列和未使用链路的第二队列。 响应于第一处理的操作来生成信号以表示第一事件的发生。 响应于该信号，当第一事件是第一特定事件时，第一事件与由进程链接的第二队列中的进程链接表示的进程相关联。 当没有队列具有标识处理等待第一事件发生的进程链接时，第一事件发生的表示被存储在消息链路的第二队列的消息链路中，以被传送到消息链路的第一队列。 因此，进程和事件发生表示因此在进程和事件之间发生的同步期间在进程和事件队列之间传送。

公开(公告)号：US4374409A

公开(公告)日：1983-02-15

申请号：US957442

申请日：1978-11-03

申请人： Jacques Bienvenu ,  Claude Carre ,  Duc L. Tuong ,  Henri Verdier

发明人： Jacques Bienvenu ,  Claude Carre ,  Duc L. Tuong ,  Henri Verdier

IPC分类号： G06F9/46

CPC分类号： G06F9/52

摘要： Synchronization of processes in a multiprogramming/multiprocessing system is provided by P and V instructions that are executed during execution of processes and operate on data structures known as semaphores which represent processes and events. A process that performs P instruction requests data. The P instruction addresses a semaphore data structure stored in memory. If the semaphore indicates that the data is available, the process continues execution of its next instruction; otherwise, the process is stopped and placed into a wait state until the data become available. A process that performs a V instruction, on the other hand, delivers data to another process. The V instruction addresses a semaphore to determine whether another process is awaiting the data and data are transferred to an awaiting process. If no process is available, the V instruction enables one of the processes in the wait state tied to the same addressed semaphore to be transferred to the ready state. P and V instructions are provided for semaphore structures without messages as well as semaphore structures with messages. Each of the P and V instructions includes test instructions that enable a process to continue in the running state in the event that the test P or V instruction is unable to be executed.

摘要翻译： 多程序/多处理系统中进程的同步由P和V指令提供，这些指令在执行进程期间执行，并对称为进程和事件的称为信号量的数据结构进行操作。 执行P指令请求数据的进程。 P指令解决存储在存储器中的信号量数据结构。 如果信号量表示数据可用，则该过程继续执行其下一条指令; 否则，进程停止并置于等待状态，直到数据变得可用。 另一方面，执行V指令的过程将数据传送到另一个进程。 V指令解决一个信号量，以确定另一个进程是否正在等待数据，并将数据传输到等待进程。 如果没有进程可用，则V指令使等待状态中的某个进程处于与所寻址的信号量相关联的状态，将其转移到就绪状态。 P和V指令用于没有消息的信号量结构以及带消息的信号量结构。 P和V指令中的每一个包括测试指令，使测试P或V指令无法执行的过程能够继续处于运行状态。

公开(公告)号：US4395757A

公开(公告)日：1983-07-26

申请号：US254184

申请日：1981-04-14

申请人： Jacques Bienvenu ,  Claude Carre ,  Duc Luu ,  Henri Verdier

发明人： Jacques Bienvenu ,  Claude Carre ,  Duc Luu ,  Henri Verdier

IPC分类号： G06F9/46 ,  G06F9/00

CPC分类号： G06F9/52

摘要： An information structure called a semaphore serves as a signalling mechanism in process synchronization. The semaphore is used to relate a process and an event which do not appear simultaneously. In accomplishing this, the semaphore is capable of storing the presence of events or resources waiting for processes or, alternatively, the presence of processes waiting for events or resources via a queue.

摘要翻译： 称为信号量的信息结构在过程同步中充当信号机制。 信号量用于将进程和不同时出现的事件相关联。 在实现这一点时，信号量能够存储等待进程的事件或资源的存在，或者替代地，存在通过队列等待事件或资源的进程。