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公开(公告)号：US20230349024A1
公开(公告)日：2023-11-02
申请号：US18129816
申请日：2023-03-31
申请人： KW Associates LLC
CPC分类号： C22B9/20 , G01R31/1227
摘要： Magnetic field components measured around and along a remelting furnace and other measured furnace parameters are used to estimate concentricity of the electrode within the crucible of the furnace, to estimate a distribution of drip shorts across a gap between the electrode and the melt pool, or to detect, locate, and categorize anomalous events during the remelting process. Those can be used to control the operation of the furnace during the remelting process, or incorporated into a longitudinal or three-dimensional map of the resulting ingot. Artificial intelligence, machine learning, or a neural network can be employed.
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公开(公告)号：US10514413B2
公开(公告)日：2019-12-24
申请号：US15715018
申请日：2017-09-25
申请人： KW Associates LLC
摘要： Multiple magnetic field sensors are arranged around a current-containing volume at multiple longitudinal and circumferential positions. Each sensor measures multiple magnetic field components and is characterized by one or more calibration parameters. A longitudinal primary current flows through two end-to-end electrical conductors that are separated by an arc gap, and flows as at least one longitudinal primary electric arc that spans the arc gap and that moves transversely within the arc gap. Estimated transverse position of the primary electric arc is calculated, based on the longitudinal position of the arc gap, and two or more of the measured magnetic field components along with one or more corresponding sensor positions or calibration parameters. In addition, estimated occurrence, position, and magnitude of a transverse secondary current (i.e., a side arc) can be calculated based on those quantities.
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公开(公告)号：US11674191B2
公开(公告)日：2023-06-13
申请号：US17588503
申请日：2022-01-31
申请人： KW Associates LLC
CPC分类号： C21C5/5211 , F27B3/085 , F27B3/28 , F27D7/06 , F27D11/10 , G01R15/20 , G01R33/06 , G01R35/005 , C21C2005/5288 , F27D2007/066
摘要： Sensors measure magnetic field components, and the measured fields are used to calculate and estimated transverse position of a longitudinal electric current flowing as an electric discharge across a discharge gap. Based on the estimated position, and according to a selected transverse trajectory or distribution of the estimated discharge position, magnetic fields are applied transversely across the discharge gap so as to control or alter the estimated discharge position. Inventive apparatus and methods can be employed, inter alia, during operation of a vacuum arc furnace.
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公开(公告)号：US20180088164A1
公开(公告)日：2018-03-29
申请号：US15715018
申请日：2017-09-25
申请人： KW Associates LLC
摘要： Multiple magnetic field sensors are arranged around a current-containing volume at multiple longitudinal and circumferential positions. Each sensor measures multiple magnetic field components and is characterized by one or more calibration parameters. A longitudinal primary current flows through two end-to-end electrical conductors that are separated by an arc gap, and flows as at least one longitudinal primary electric arc that spans the arc gap and that moves transversely within the arc gap. Estimated transverse position of the primary electric arc is calculated, based on the longitudinal position of the arc gap, and two or more of the measured magnetic field components along with one or more corresponding sensor positions or calibration parameters. In addition, estimated occurrence, position, and magnitude of a transverse secondary current (i.e., a side arc) can be calculated based on those quantities.
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公开(公告)号：US11459627B2
公开(公告)日：2022-10-04
申请号：US17334611
申请日：2021-05-28
申请人： KW Associates LLC
IPC分类号： C21C5/52 , F27D19/00 , G01R33/00 , F27B3/28 , F27D11/08 , F27D11/10 , G01R31/50 , G01N27/82 , G01R31/08 , G01R33/10
摘要： Multiple magnetic field sensors are arranged around a current-containing volume at multiple longitudinal and circumferential positions. Each sensor measures multiple magnetic field components and is characterized by one or more calibration parameters. A longitudinal primary current flows through two end-to-end electrical conductors that are separated by an arc gap, and flows as at least one longitudinal primary electric arc that spans the arc gap and that moves transversely within the arc gap. Estimated transverse position of the primary electric arc is calculated, based on the longitudinal position of the arc gap, and two or more of the measured magnetic field components along with one or more corresponding sensor positions or calibration parameters. In addition, estimated occurrence, position, and magnitude of a transverse secondary current (i.e., a side arc) can be calculated based on those quantities.
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公开(公告)号：US11243273B2
公开(公告)日：2022-02-08
申请号：US17200875
申请日：2021-03-14
申请人： KW Associates LLC
摘要： Magnetic field components are measured at multiple longitudinal positions and used to calculate estimated longitudinal position and length of a transversely localized electric current segment flowing across a gap between conductive bodies. The apparatus can be used with a remelting furnace. The electrode and ingot act as the conductive bodies, and arcs, discharges, or slag currents are the current segments spanning the gap. Actuators for movable sensors can be coupled to the sensors in a servomechanism arrangement to move the sensors along with the moving gap. An actuator for moving one of the conductive bodies can be coupled to sensors in a servomechanism arrangement to maintain the gap distance within a selected range as the gap moves.
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公开(公告)号：US11236404B2
公开(公告)日：2022-02-01
申请号：US16939060
申请日：2020-07-27
申请人： KW Associates LLC
摘要： Sensors measure magnetic field components, and the measured fields are used to calculate and estimated transverse position of a longitudinal electric current flowing as an electric discharge across a discharge gap. Based on the estimated position, and according to a selected transverse trajectory or distribution of the estimated discharge position, magnetic fields are applied transversely across the discharge gap so as to control or alter the estimated discharge position. Inventive apparatus and methods can be employed, inter alia, during operation of a vacuum arc furnace.
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公开(公告)号：US20210286024A1
公开(公告)日：2021-09-16
申请号：US17200875
申请日：2021-03-14
申请人： KW Associates LLC
摘要： Magnetic field components are measured at multiple longitudinal positions and used to calculate estimated longitudinal position and length of a transversely localized electric current segment flowing across a gap between conductive bodies. The apparatus can be used with a remelting furnace. The electrode and ingot act as the conductive bodies, and arcs, discharges, or slag currents are the current segments spanning the gap. Actuators for movable sensors can be coupled to the sensors in a servomechanism arrangement to move the sensors along with the moving gap. An actuator for moving one of the conductive bodies can be coupled to sensors in a servomechanism arrangement to maintain the gap distance within a selected range as the gap moves.
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公开(公告)号：US20210395845A1
公开(公告)日：2021-12-23
申请号：US17334611
申请日：2021-05-28
申请人： KW Associates LLC
IPC分类号： C21C5/52 , F27D19/00 , G01R33/00 , F27B3/28 , F27D11/08 , F27D11/10 , G01R31/50 , G01N27/82 , G01R31/08
摘要： Multiple magnetic field sensors are arranged around a current-containing volume at multiple longitudinal and circumferential positions. Each sensor measures multiple magnetic field components and is characterized by one or more calibration parameters. A longitudinal primary current flows through two end-to-end electrical conductors that are separated by an arc gap, and flows as at least one longitudinal primary electric arc that spans the arc gap and that moves transversely within the arc gap. Estimated transverse position of the primary electric arc is calculated, based on the longitudinal position of the arc gap, and two or more of the measured magnetic field components along with one or more corresponding sensor positions or calibration parameters. In addition, estimated occurrence, position, and magnitude of a transverse secondary current (i.e., a side arc) can be calculated based on those quantities.
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公开(公告)号：US11022656B2
公开(公告)日：2021-06-01
申请号：US16719792
申请日：2019-12-18
申请人： KW Associates LLC
IPC分类号： G01R31/50 , F27D19/00 , C21C5/52 , G01R33/00 , F27B3/28 , F27D11/08 , F27D11/10 , G01N27/82 , G01R31/08 , G01R33/10
摘要： Multiple magnetic field sensors are arranged around a current-containing volume at multiple longitudinal and circumferential positions. Each sensor measures multiple magnetic field components and is characterized by one or more calibration parameters. A longitudinal primary current flows through two end-to-end electrical conductors that are separated by an arc gap, and flows as at least one longitudinal primary electric arc that spans the arc gap and that moves transversely within the arc gap. Estimated transverse position of the primary electric arc is calculated, based on the longitudinal position of the arc gap, and two or more of the measured magnetic field components along with one or more corresponding sensor positions or calibration parameters. In addition, estimated occurrence, position, and magnitude of a transverse secondary current (i.e., a side arc) can be calculated based on those quantities.
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