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公开(公告)号：US4545898A
公开(公告)日：1985-10-08
申请号：US613652
申请日：1984-05-23
申请人： Karl M. E. Hellsten
发明人： Karl M. E. Hellsten
CPC分类号： B03D1/021 , B03D1/0043 , B03D1/008 , B03D1/012 , B03D1/016 , B03D2201/02 , B03D2203/06
摘要： A process for froth flotation of phosphate ore with a high content of carbonate, carried out in the presence of a hydrophilic polysaccharide and an amphoteric compound.
摘要翻译： 一种在亲水性多糖和两性化合物存在下进行的具有高含量碳酸盐的磷酸盐矿石的泡沫浮选方法。
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公开(公告)号：US4430238A
公开(公告)日：1984-02-07
申请号：US376338
申请日：1982-05-10
CPC分类号： B03D1/021 , B03D1/008 , B03D2201/02 , B03D2203/04 , Y10S516/01
摘要： The present invention specifies an esterified dicarboxylic acid of the general formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.I is an aliphatic hydrocarbon group with 7-21 carbon atoms, R.sup.II is a hydrocarbon radical with 2-6 carbon atoms and A is an alkylene oxide group derived from an alkylene oxide with 2-4 carbon atoms. Particularly preferred are compounds in which A relates to a group derived from ethylene oxide and in which R.sup.II is --CH.dbd.CH-- or the phenylene group --C.sub.6 H.sub.4 --. The compound exhibits selective properties when used in the flotation of oxide and salt type minerals.
摘要翻译： 本发明指定通式为“IMAGE”的酯化二羧酸，其中RI是具有7-21个碳原子的脂族烃基，RII是具有2-6个碳原子的烃基，A是衍生自 具有2-4个碳原子的环氧烷。 特别优选的是其中A与衍生自环氧乙烷的基团相关的化合物，其中RII是-CH = CH-或亚苯基-C6H4-。 当用于浮选氧化物和盐型矿物时，该化合物显示出选择性。
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3.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4358368A
公开(公告)日：1982-11-09
申请号：US263339
申请日：1981-05-13
CPC分类号： B03D1/01 , B03D1/0043 , B03D1/012 , B03D1/021 , B03D2203/06
摘要： A process for the froth flotation of calcium phosphate-containing minerals is provided which comprises carrying out the flotation in the presence of an amphoteric flotation agent having the general formula: ##STR1## wherein: R is a hydrocarbon group having from about seven to about twenty-four carbon atoms;A is an oxyalkylene group having from two to about four carbon atoms;R.sub.1 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and hydrocarbon groups having from one to about four carbon atoms;Y.sup.- is selected from the group consisting of COO.sup.- and SO.sub.3.sup.- ;n is a number from 0 to 1;p is a number from 0 to 5;q is a number from 1 to 2;and salts thereof.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于泡沫浮选含磷酸钙的矿物的方法，其包括在具有以下通式的两性浮选剂的存在下进行浮选：其中：R是具有约7至约20的烃基 - 碳原子; A是具有2至约4个碳原子的氧化烯基团; R 1选自氢和具有1至约4个碳原子的烃基; Y-选自COO-和SO 3 - ; n是从0到1的数字; p是从0到5的数字; q是从1到2的数字; 及其盐。
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公开(公告)号：US4887383A
公开(公告)日：1989-12-19
申请号：US125184
申请日：1987-11-25
CPC分类号： C10L1/322 , C10L1/326 , Y10S516/01
摘要： A process for producing a slurry of a pulverized carbonaceous material having a predetermined particle size distribution with a certain average particle size and a certain maximum particle size is described. The process, which includes a comminuting phase comprising at least two milling stages and combining the milled material with a carrier liquid to provide the slurry is characterized by the following steps:(a) that the carbonaceous material is milled in a first milling stage;(b) that the milled product from stage (a) is divided into coarse material having a particle size which at least is larger than the average particle size of the predetermined particle size distribution and into fine material having a particle size smaller than that of the coarse material;(c) that the coarse material from stage (b) is milled in at least one further milling stage to produce at least one further portion of fine material, the average particle size of which is smaller than the average particle size of the final slurry; and(d) that a slurry is produced of the combined portions of fine material from the different stages.
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5.发明授权Surface-active quaternary ammonium compounds for treatment of textiles and cellulosic materials 失效用于处理纺织品和纤维素材料的表面活性季铵化合物
公开(公告)号：US4476323A
公开(公告)日：1984-10-09
申请号：US237800
申请日：1981-02-24
IPC分类号： B01F17/00 , C07C67/00 , C07C213/00 , C07C217/28 , C11D1/62 , D06M13/02 , D06M13/322 , D06M13/372 , D06M13/46 , D06M13/463 , D06M101/00 , D06M101/02 , D06M101/06 , D06M101/08 , D21C9/00 , D21H17/07 , C07C95/02
CPC分类号： D21H17/07 , B01F17/005 , C11D1/62 , D06M13/372 , D06M13/463 , D21C9/005
摘要： The invention relates to new surface-active quaternary ammonium compounds having the general formula: ##STR1## wherein: R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each hydrocarbon groups having from about twelve to about forty carbon atoms;R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are selected from the group consisting of methyl, ethyl and hydroxyethyl;A is an oxyalkylene group derived from both ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, having a ratio of oxyethylene units to the total number of oxyalkylene groups within the range from about 1:6 to about 5:6;m is a number corresponding to the valence of X;n.sub.1 and n.sub.2 represent the average number of oxyalkylene units and are within the range from about 6 to about 30; andX is an anion.The compounds impart to the treated textiles and cellulosic materials a reduced tendency to retain an electrostatic charge and/or improved softness and/or reduced mechanical strength due to a reduction in interfiber bonding, and at the same time preserve good hydrophilic properties.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及具有以下通式的新的表面活性季铵化合物：其中：R1和R2各自为具有约十二至约四十个碳原子的烃基; R3和R4选自甲基，乙基和羟乙基; A是衍生自环氧乙烷和环氧丙烷的氧化烯基团，氧化乙烯单元与氧化烯基总数的比例在约1:6至约5:6的范围内; m是对应于X的化合价的数; n1和n2表示氧化烯单元的平均数，并且在约6至约30的范围内; X为阴离子。 赋予经处理的纺织品和纤维素材料的化合物由于纤维间粘合的降低而降低了保持静电荷的趋势和/或改善的柔软度和/或降低的机械强度，同时保持了良好的亲水性。
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6.发明授权Aqueous slurry of a solid fuel and a process and means for the production thereof 失效固体燃料的水性浆料及其生产方法和方法
公开(公告)号：US4549881A
公开(公告)日：1985-10-29
申请号：US492197
申请日：1983-05-06
CPC分类号： C10L1/322 , C10L1/326 , Y10S516/01
摘要： An aqueous slurry of a solid fuel and a process and a means for producing said slurry are described. The aqueous slurry comprises a highly concentrated slurry of a pulverized, carbonaceous material having a particle size of at most 0.5 mm, and 0.02-2% by weight of at least two surface active additives. The solids content of the slurry is 65-90% by weight, preferably 70-80% by weight. The slurry is characterized in that the surface active additives include, as a major part, a water-soluble nonionic surface active agent which is an alkylene oxide adduct with a hydrophobic part and a hydrophilic part, said hydrophilic part consisting of at least one polyalkylene oxide chain with a length of at least 40, preferably 50-150 ethylene oxide units; and, as a minor part, an ionic surface active agent.The ionic surface active agent preferably has the general formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are hydrogen or an alkyl group with 1-22 carbon atoms, provided that the sum of the number of carbon atoms of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 is at least 6, and Z.sub.1 designates the group --SO.sub.3 H, --CH.sub.2.sup.+ NHR.sub.3 R.sub.4 X.sup.- or --CH.sub.2.sup.+ NR.sub.3 R.sub.4 R.sub.5 X.sup.-, wherein R.sub.3, R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 are alkyl and/or hydroxyalkyl groups with 1-4 carbon atoms and X is an anion, and n is 40-200.
摘要翻译： 描述了一种固体燃料的含水浆料和一种制备该浆料的方法和装置。 含水浆料包含粒度为至多0.5mm的粉碎碳质材料和0.02-2重量％的至少两种表面活性添加剂的高浓度浆料。 浆料的固体含量为65-90重量％，优选为70-80重量％。 该浆料的特征在于，表面活性添加剂主要包括作为疏水部分和亲水部分的烯化氧加成物的水溶性非离子表面活性剂，所述亲水部分由至少一种聚环氧烷 链长至少为40，优选为50-150个环氧乙烷单元; 和作为次要部分的离子表面活性剂。 离子表面活性剂优选具有以下通式：其中R 1和R 2为氢或具有1-22个碳原子的烷基，条件是R 1和R 2的碳原子数之和为 至少6，Z1表示基团-SO 3 H，-CH 2 + NHR 3 R 4 X-或-CH 2 + NR 3 R 4 R 5 X - ，其中R 3，R 4和R 5是具有1-4个碳原子的烷基和/或羟基烷基，X是阴离子，n 是40-200。
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公开(公告)号：US4254823A
公开(公告)日：1981-03-10
申请号：US791456
申请日：1977-04-27
CPC分类号： C04B30/02 , C03C25/246 , C04B24/12
摘要： A process is provided for the separation of nonfibrous material from mineral wool fibers which comprises dispersing the fibers in an aqueous solution comprising a surfactant having at least one hydrophobic group containing at least eight carbon atoms and at least one cationic hydrophilic group having at least one nitrogen or sulfur atom, such as a quaternary ammonium surfactant. The fibrous material is dispersible in the surfactant solution, while the nonfibrous material is not and consequently can be separated by centrifuging or settling and decantation.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于将非纤维材料与矿棉纤维分离的方法，其包括将纤维分散在包含具有至少一个含有至少8个碳原子的疏水基团的表面活性剂和至少一种具有至少一个氮原子的阳离子亲水基团的水溶液中 或硫原子，例如季铵表面活性剂。 纤维材料可分散在表面活性剂溶液中，而非纤维材料不是，因此可以通过离心或沉降和倾析分离。
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8.发明授权Process for dry-cleaning textiles and microemulsion dry cleaning composition for the use therein 失效干洗纺织品和微乳液干洗组合物用于其中的方法
公开(公告)号：US4659332A
公开(公告)日：1987-04-21
申请号：US419664
申请日：1982-09-20
申请人： Karl M. E. Hellsten
发明人： Karl M. E. Hellsten
CPC分类号： C11D17/0021 , D06L1/04
摘要： Textiles are washed in a fluid dry cleaning composition in the form of a microemulsion of an aqueous phase in perchloroethylene, comprising as the principal ingredients:______________________________________ Percent by Weight ______________________________________ Perchloroethylene 65-93.8 Emulsifier composed of a mixture of 2-6 (a) a calcium salt of an alkyl-aryl sulphonic acid with a total of 14 to 22 carbon atoms; and (b) a non-ionic surface-active hydrophobic alkylene oxide adduct, in which the alkylene oxide is in the form of ethylene oxide or a mixture of ethylene oxide and alkylene oxide with 3 to 4 carbon atoms, and in which the hydrophobic part of the adduct has from 8 to 30 carbon atoms, in a weight ratio (a):(b) within the range 1:4 to 3:1 Aliphatic monoalcohol having from 4 to 0.2-4 10 carbon atoms Water 4-20 the ratio of the weight of the water to the weight of the emulsifier being in excess of 2:1. ______________________________________
摘要翻译： 纺织品以全氯乙烯中水相微乳液形式的流体干洗组合物洗涤，其中主要成分为： - 重量 - 氯乙烯65-93.8-由2-6 - （ a）总共14-22个碳原子的烷基 - 芳基 - 磺酸的钙盐; 和 - （b）非离子表面活性疏水 - 烯化氧加合物，其中 - 环氧烷是乙烯氧化物形式或具有3至4个碳原子的环氧乙烷和 - 烯化氧的混合物， 并且其中加合物的疏水部分具有8至30个碳原子，重量比（a）：（b）在-1:4至3:1的范围内 - 具有4至0.2- 4〜10个碳原子 - 水4-20 - 水的重量与乳化剂重量的比例超过2：1。 -
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公开(公告)号：US4565549A
公开(公告)日：1986-01-21
申请号：US492196
申请日：1983-05-06
CPC分类号： C10L1/322 , C10L1/326 , Y10S516/01
摘要： An aqueous slurry of a solid fuel and a process for producing said slurry are described. The aqueous slurry consists of a highly concentrated slurry of a pulverized, carbonaceous material having a particle size of at most 0.5 mm, and 0.02-2% by weight of at least one additive. The solids content of the slurry is 65-90% by weight, preferably 70-80% by weight. The slurry is characterized in that the additive includes a water-soluble surface active compound which is an ethylene oxide adduct having the following formula:RO(CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O).sub.n Hwherein R is an aliphatic or acyl group with 10 to 24 carbon atoms or a substituted aryl group with 12-54 carbon atoms; and n is at least 40 but less than 100; or n is 40-200 in which latter case the ratio of ethylene oxide units to the number of carbon atoms in the group R is 3.5-6.0 when R is an aliphatic or acyl group and 3.0-5.5 when R is a substituted aryl group. By adding the ethylene oxide adduct after wet milling and dewatering of the carbonaceous material, an aqueous slurry is obtained which is stable, i.e. it does not separate during transport and storage, as well as low-viscous, i.e. pumpable at a high solids content. In addition to the specific ethylene oxide adduct which preferably is added in a concentration of 0.05-0.8% by weight, other conventional additives, such as stabilizers, antifoaming agents, pH-modifying additives and antimicrobial agents may be added.
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10.发明授权Pumpable aqueous slurry of a solid fuel and a process for the production thereof 失效固体燃料的可泵送含水浆料及其生产方法
公开(公告)号：US4496367A
公开(公告)日：1985-01-29
申请号：US492195
申请日：1983-05-06
CPC分类号： C10L1/326 , Y10S516/01
摘要： A pumpable aqueous slurry of a solid fuel in the form of a pulverized, carbonaceous material and a process for the production of such slurry are described. The aqueous slurry comprises a component which consists of coarse grains of carbonaceous material having a particle size of up to 25 mm, and a further component which consists of a carrier liquid in which the coarse-grained carbonaceous material is suspended. The carrier liquid proper has a solids content of 65-90% by weight and consists of water and pulverized, carbonaceous material having a particle size of at most 0.5 mm, preferably at most 350 .mu.m, and 0.02-2% by weight of at least one additive including a water-soluble surface active compound which consists of an alkylene oxide adduct having a hydrophobic part and a hydrophilic part, said hydrophilic part consisting of a polyalkylene oxide chain, preferably a polyethylene oxide chain, having a length of 40-200 alkylene oxide units. The pumpable aqueous slurry is produced by first preparing the carrier liquid and then adding to said liquid 20-40% of the coarse-grained, carbonaceous material, based upon the total weight of the aqueous slurry. The aqueous slurry is intended primarily for pumping in pipelines.
摘要翻译： 描述了粉碎，碳质材料形式的固体燃料的可泵送含水浆料和用于生产这种浆料的方法。 含水浆料包括由粒状最大为25mm的碳质材料的粗粒组成的组分和由粗粒碳质材料悬浮在其中的载体液体组成的另一组分。 载体液体固体含量为65-90重量％，由水和粉碎的碳质材料组成，其粒度至多为0.5毫米，优选至多350微米，和0.02-2重量％ 至少一种添加剂，其包括由具有疏水部分和亲水部分的烯化氧加合物组成的水溶性表面活性化合物，所述亲水部分由聚环氧烷链，优选聚环氧乙烷链组成，长度为40-200 氧化烯单元。 可泵送的含水浆料是通过首先制备载体液体，然后基于含水浆料的总重量向所述液体中添加20-40％的粗粒碳质材料。 含水浆料主要用于泵送管道。
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