摘要:
The present invention relates to an improved installation for conveying electrical signals carried by a first triaxial cable (2) to a second triaxial cable (6) and vice versa. It comprises: a first interface (3) between the first triaxial cable (2) and a fiber optic cable (4) and a second interface (5) between the fiber optic cable (4) and the second triaxial cable (6). A television camera (7) is connected to a remote camera control unit (1) via this installation. The first triaxial cable (2) connects the camera control unit (1) with the first interface (3). The first interface (3) comprises a first adapter converting electrical signals, conveyed by the first triaxial cable (2), to optical signals. The fiber optic cable (4) transmits optical signals to the second interface (5). The second interface (5) comprises a second adapter converting optical signals to electrical signals. The second triaxial cable (6) transmits the electrical signals to the television camera (7). A mirror image of the adapters allows transmitting electrical signals from the camera (7) to the camera control unit (1). The interfaces comprise A/D converters and D/A converters respectively adapted to convert analog signals from the triaxial cable into digital optical signal to be launched into the fiber and digital optical signals into analog electrical signals.
摘要:
A device temperature measurement circuit, an integrated circuit (IC) including a device temperature measurement circuit, a method of characterizing device temperature and a method of monitoring temperature. The circuit includes a constant current source and a clamping device. The clamping device selectively shunts current from the constant current source or allows the current to flow through a PN junction, which may be the body to source/drain junction of a field effect transistor (FET). Voltage measurements are taken directly from the PN junction. Junction temperature is determined from measured junction voltage.
摘要:
A method and circuit for static phase error measurement includes a reference clock delay chain having a selectable number of delay elements. A number of the delay elements are enabled in accordance with a select length signal to delay a reference clock signal. A feedback signal delay chain also has a selectable number of delay elements. A number of the delay elements are enabled in accordance with a select length signal to delay a feedback signal. A latch tests phase alignment between the delayed reference clock signal and the delayed feedback signal and outputs a measurement of static phase error.
摘要:
Spectrum analyzer circuits and methods are provided which implement “zero-IF” (direct conversion) or “near-zero IF” (or very low IF) architectures that enable implementation of integrated (on-chip) spectrum analyzers for measuring the frequency spectrum of internal chip signals. An integrated spectrum analyzer circuit, which comprises a zero IF or near-zero IF framework, enables a low-power compact design with sufficient resolution bandwidth for on-chip implementation and diagnostics of internal chip signals.
摘要:
A device temperature measurement circuit, an integrated circuit (IC) including a device temperature measurement circuit, a method of characterizing device temperature and a method of monitoring temperature. The circuit includes a constant current source and a clamping device. The clamping device selectively shunts current from the constant current source or allows the current to flow through a PN junction, which may be the body to source/drain junction of a field effect transistor (FET). Voltage measurements are taken directly from the PN junction. Junction temperature is determined from measured junction voltage.
摘要:
Novel apparatuses for readout of multiplexed volume holographic optical elements, based on parallel incoherent/coherent double angularly multiplexed holographic recording and readout principles, provide for hologram readout with high optical throughput efficiency and minimal crosstalk. Such holographic element readout apparatuses have applications in photonic interconnections for neural networks, telecommunications switching and digital computing; optical information processors and optical memories; and optical display systems. Embodiments are included that allow incoherent superposition of reconstructed images and simplified parallel readout of the volume holographic optical elements. The apparatuses can read out holographic elements that are either optically or computer generated and that are based on continuous-volume or stratified-volume holographic media.
摘要:
The present invention relates to an installation for conveying electrical signals carried by a first triaxial cable (1) to a second triaxial cable (18). It comprises: a first interface (15) between the first triaxial cable (1) and a fibre optic cable (9) and a second interface (16) between the fibre optic (9) cable and the second triaxial cable (18). A television camera (17) is connected to a remote camera control unit (14) via this installation. The first triaxial cable (1) connects CCU (14) with the interface (15). The interface (15) comprises an adapter converting electrical signals, conveyed by the triaxial cable (1), to optical signals. The fibre optic cable (9) transmits optical signals to the second interface (16). The interface (16) comprises an adapter converting optical signals to electrical signals. The second triaxial cable (18) transmits the electrical signals to the television camera (17). A mirror image of the adapters allows transmitting electrical signals from the camera (17) to the CCU (14).
摘要:
Techniques for on-chip detection of integrated circuit power supply noise are disclosed. By way of example, a technique for monitoring a power supply line in an integrated circuit comprises the following steps/operations. A first signal and a second signal are preconditioned. The first signal is representative of a voltage of the power supply line being monitored. The second signal is representative of a voltage of a reference power supply line. Preconditioning comprises shifting respective levels of the voltages such that the voltages are within an input voltage range of comparator circuitry. Then, the preconditioned first signal and the preconditioned second signal are compared in accordance with the comparator circuitry. Comparison comprises detecting when a difference exists between the voltage level of the preconditioned first signal and the voltage level of the preconditioned second signal.
摘要:
Novel apparatus for simultaneous spatial modulation of a set of angularly multiplexed individually coherent but mutually incoherent optical beams is disclosed, comprising means for generating a set of two or more individually coherent beams that have at least one optical wavelength in common, pairwise, and are assured to be mutually incoherent, and means for directing the set of individually coherent but mutually incoherent beams to a spatial modulation means, such that a spatially overlapping group of individually coherent but mutually incoherent beams overlap spatially in at least one region of the spatial modulation means and are angularly multiplexed within the region. Such simultaneous spatial modulation is a key feature, for example, in highly multiplexed photonic interconnection, memory, and display systems with maximum optical throughput efficiency and minimum crosstalk, based on parallel incoherent/coherent double angularly multiplexed holographic recording and readout principles. Simultaneous spatial modulation is also of importance for the provision for arbitrarily weighted and independent interconnections in the development of densely interconnected photonic implementations of neural networks, photonic interconnection networks for telecommunications switching and digital computing applications, optical information processors, optical memories, and optical displays. Variants of the apparatus are provided that allow for the incorporation of optically isolated semiconductor laser diode arrays, vertical cavity surface emitting laser arrays that are partially mutually incoherent and partially wavelength division multiplexed, the combination of laser diode and phase modulator arrays to provide for controllable mutual incoherence, both pixelated and non-pixelated spatial light modulators, and both planar and volume holographic or diffractive optical elements employed as spatial light modulation means.
摘要:
Apparatus is provided for the readout, and in certain applications the display, of information stored within incoherent/coherent double angularly multiplexed volume holographic optical elements. Such multiplexed volume holographic optical elements are based on parallel incoherent/coherent double angularly multiplexed volume holographic recording and readout principles, and are designed to exhibit maximum optical throughput efficiency and minimum crosstalk. Applications for this novel holographic readout apparatus, when used in conjunction with the aforementioned incoherent/coherent double angularly multiplexed volume holographic optical elements, include photonic interconnections for neural networks, telecommunications switching, and digital computing; optical information processors and optical memories; and optical display systems. The holographic readout apparatus is based primarily on the use of a spatially distributed source array, which contains a plurality of optical sources that are at once both individually coherent and mutually incoherent. The incorporation of the incoherent/coherent source array enables embodiments of the apparatus that in turn allow for incoherent superposition of reconstructed images and simplified parallel readout of the multiplexed volume holographic optical elements. The additional provision of spatial light modulation means allows for independent selection of the subset of stored holographically-encoded information patterns to be simultaneously read out or displayed. The holographic readout apparatus is capable of reading out and displaying information stored in several variants of incoherent/coherent double angularly multiplexed volume holographic optical elements, including those that are either optically recorded or computer generated, and that are based on either continuous-volume (bulk) or stratified-volume holographic media.