公开(公告)号：US07838841B2

公开(公告)日：2010-11-23

申请号：US11977410

申请日：2007-10-24

申请人： Christopher Morris ,  Andrew Mcleod Fraser ,  Larry Joe Schultz ,  Konstantin N. Borozdin ,  Alexei Vasilievich Klimenko ,  Michael James Sossong ,  Gary Blanpied

发明人： Christopher Morris ,  Andrew Mcleod Fraser ,  Larry Joe Schultz ,  Konstantin N. Borozdin ,  Alexei Vasilievich Klimenko ,  Michael James Sossong ,  Gary Blanpied

IPC分类号： H01L25/00 ,  H01L27/00 ,  G01T1/29 ,  G01K1/08 ,  H01J3/14

CPC分类号： G01N23/201 ,  G01N23/20 ,  G01V5/0025 ,  G01V5/0075 ,  G06F17/18

摘要： Methods, apparatus and systems for detecting charged particles and obtaining tomography of a volume by measuring charged particles including measuring the momentum of a charged particle passing through a charged particle detector. Sets of position sensitive detectors measure scattering of the charged particle. The position sensitive detectors having sufficient mass to cause the charged particle passing through the position sensitive detectors to scatter in the position sensitive detectors. A controller can be adapted and arranged to receive scattering measurements of the charged particle from the charged particle detector, determine at least one trajectory of the charged particle from the measured scattering; and determine at least one momentum measurement of the charged particle from the at least one trajectory. The charged particle can be a cosmic ray-produced charged particle, such as a cosmic ray-produced muon. The position sensitive detectors can be drift cells, such as gas-filled drift tubes.

摘要翻译： 用于检测带电粒子的方法，装置和系统，并通过测量带电粒子来测量体积的断层摄影，包括测量通过带电粒子检测器的带电粒子的动量。 位置敏感检测器的集合测量带电粒子的散射。 位置敏感检测器具有足够的质量以使带电粒子通过位置敏感检测器散射在位置敏感检测器中。 控制器可以被适配和布置成从带电粒子检测器接收带电粒子的散射测量，从测量的散射中确定带电粒子的至少一个轨迹; 并且从所述至少一个轨迹确定所述带电粒子的至少一个动量测量。 带电粒子可以是宇宙射线产生的带电粒子，例如宇宙射线产生的μ子。 位置敏感检测器可以是漂移电池，例如充气漂移管。

公开(公告)号：US08552370B2

公开(公告)日：2013-10-08

申请号：US11977409

申请日：2007-10-24

申请人： Larry Joe Schultz ,  Alexei Vasilievich Klimenko ,  Andrew Mcleod Fraser ,  Christopher Morris ,  John Christopher Orum ,  Konstantin N. Borozdin ,  Michael James Sossong ,  Nicolas W. Hengartner

发明人： Larry Joe Schultz ,  Alexei Vasilievich Klimenko ,  Andrew Mcleod Fraser ,  Christopher Morris ,  John Christopher Orum ,  Konstantin N. Borozdin ,  Michael James Sossong ,  Nicolas W. Hengartner

IPC分类号： G01N23/201

CPC分类号： G01N23/201 ,  G01N23/20 ,  G01V5/0025 ,  G01V5/0075 ,  G06F17/18

摘要： Systems and methods for charged particle detection including statistical reconstruction of object volume scattering density profiles from charged particle tomographic data to determine the probability distribution of charged particle scattering using a statistical multiple scattering model and determine a substantially maximum likelihood estimate of object volume scattering density using expectation maximization (ML/EM) algorithm to reconstruct the object volume scattering density. The presence of and/or type of object occupying the volume of interest can be identified from the reconstructed volume scattering density profile. The charged particle tomographic data can be cosmic ray muon tomographic data from a muon tracker for scanning packages, containers, vehicles or cargo. The method can be implemented using a computer program which is executable on a computer.

摘要翻译： 用于带电粒子检测的系统和方法，包括从带电粒子层析成像数据的物体体积散射密度分布的统计重建，以使用统计多重散射模型确定带电粒子散射的概率分布，并使用期望确定物体体积散射密度的基本最大似然估计 最大化（ML / EM）算法重建物体体积散射密度。 可以从重建的体积散射密度分布中识别占据感兴趣体积的物体的存在和/或类型。 带电粒子断层数据可以是用于扫描包装，集装箱，车辆或货物的muon跟踪器的宇宙射线μon断层摄影数据。 该方法可以使用可在计算机上执行的计算机程序来实现。

公开(公告)号：US20080315091A1

公开(公告)日：2008-12-25

申请号：US12108494

申请日：2008-04-23

申请人： Christopher L. Morris ,  Alexander Saunders ,  Michael James Sossong ,  Larry Joe Schultz ,  J. Andrew Green ,  Konstantin N. Borozdin ,  Nicolas W. Hengartner ,  Richard A. Smith ,  James M. Colthart ,  David C. Klugh ,  Gary E. Scoggins ,  David C. Vineyard

发明人： Christopher L. Morris ,  Alexander Saunders ,  Michael James Sossong ,  Larry Joe Schultz ,  J. Andrew Green ,  Konstantin N. Borozdin ,  Nicolas W. Hengartner ,  Richard A. Smith ,  James M. Colthart ,  David C. Klugh ,  Gary E. Scoggins ,  David C. Vineyard

IPC分类号： G01N23/00

CPC分类号： G01V5/0016 ,  G01T1/18 ,  G01T3/00 ,  G01V5/0025 ,  G01V5/005

摘要： Techniques, apparatus and systems for detecting particles such as muons for imaging applications. Subtraction techniques are described to enhance the processing of the muon tomography data.

摘要翻译： 技术，装置和系统，用于检测颗粒，如μ介子用于成像应用。 减法技术的描述，以增强μ介子断层摄影数据的处理。

公开(公告)号：US20080191133A1

公开(公告)日：2008-08-14

申请号：US11771169

申请日：2007-06-29

申请人： Christopher Morris ,  Konstantin N. Borozdin ,  J. Andrew Green ,  Gary E. Hogan ,  Mark F. Makela ,  William C. Priedhorsky ,  Alexander Saunders ,  Larry J. Schultz ,  Michael J. Sossong

发明人： Christopher Morris ,  Konstantin N. Borozdin ,  J. Andrew Green ,  Gary E. Hogan ,  Mark F. Makela ,  William C. Priedhorsky ,  Alexander Saunders ,  Larry J. Schultz ,  Michael J. Sossong

IPC分类号： G01N23/00 ,  G01N23/201

CPC分类号： G01N23/201 ,  G01N23/20 ,  G01V5/0025 ,  G01V5/0075 ,  G06F17/18

摘要： A portal monitoring system has a cosmic ray charged particle tracker with a plurality of drift cells. The drift cells, which can be for example aluminum drift tubes, can be arranged at least above and below a volume to be scanned to thereby track incoming and outgoing charged particles, such as cosmic ray muons, whilst also detecting gamma rays. The system can selectively detect devices or materials, such as iron, lead, gold and/or tungsten, occupying the volume from multiple scattering of the charged particles passing through the volume and can also detect any radioactive sources occupying the volume from gamma rays emitted therefrom. If necessary, the drift tubes can be sealed to eliminate the need for a gas handling system. The system can be employed to inspect occupied vehicles at border crossings for nuclear threat objects.

摘要翻译： 入口监视系统具有带有多个漂移单元的宇宙射线带电粒子跟踪器。 可以将漂移电池（例如铝漂移管）布置在待扫描的体积的至少上方和下方，从而跟踪进入和离开的带电粒子，例如宇宙射线，同时还检测伽马射线。 该系统可以选择性地检测诸如铁，铅，金和/或钨的装置或材料，其占据通过该体积的带电粒子的多次散射的体积，并且还可以检测占据由其发射的γ射线的体积的任何放射源 。 如有必要，漂移管可以被密封，以消除对气体处理系统的需要。 该系统可用于检查过境点的被占用车辆的核威胁物体。

公开(公告)号：US20110248163A1

公开(公告)日：2011-10-13

申请号：US13061491

申请日：2009-08-27

申请人： Christoper L. Morris ,  Larry Joe Schultz ,  Jesse Andrew Green ,  Michael James Sossong ,  Konstantin N. Borozdin ,  Alexei V. Klimenko ,  Gary Blanpied ,  Vladimir Tumakov ,  Kolo Wamba

发明人： Christoper L. Morris ,  Larry Joe Schultz ,  Jesse Andrew Green ,  Michael James Sossong ,  Konstantin N. Borozdin ,  Alexei V. Klimenko ,  Gary Blanpied ,  Vladimir Tumakov ,  Kolo Wamba

IPC分类号： G01N23/00

CPC分类号： G01V5/0025 ,  G01N23/046 ,  G01N2223/419 ,  G01T1/18 ,  G01V5/005

摘要： Techniques, apparatus and systems for obtaining tomographic images of a volume of interest by using charged particle tomography detection systems.

摘要翻译： 用于通过使用带电粒子层析成像检测系统获得感兴趣体积的层析图像的技术，装置和系统。

公开(公告)号：US20080265156A1

公开(公告)日：2008-10-30

申请号：US11977410

申请日：2007-10-24

申请人： Christopher Morris ,  Andrew Mcleod Fraser ,  Larry Joe Schultz ,  Konstantin N. Borozdin ,  Alexei Vasilievich Klimenko ,  Michael James Sossong ,  Gary Blanpied

发明人： Christopher Morris ,  Andrew Mcleod Fraser ,  Larry Joe Schultz ,  Konstantin N. Borozdin ,  Alexei Vasilievich Klimenko ,  Michael James Sossong ,  Gary Blanpied

IPC分类号： H01J47/00

CPC分类号： G01N23/201 ,  G01N23/20 ,  G01V5/0025 ,  G01V5/0075 ,  G06F17/18

摘要： Methods, apparatus and systems for detecting charged particles and obtaining tomography of a volume by measuring charged particles including measuring the momentum of a charged particle passing through a charged particle detector. Sets of position sensitive detectors measure scattering of the charged particle. The position sensitive detectors having sufficient mass to cause the charged particle passing through the position sensitive detectors to scatter in the position sensitive detectors. A controller can be adapted and arranged to receive scattering measurements of the charged particle from the charged particle detector, determine at least one trajectory of the charged particle from the measured scattering; and determine at least one momentum measurement of the charged particle from the at least one trajectory. The charged particle can be a cosmic ray-produced charged particle, such as a cosmic ray-produced muon. The position sensitive detectors can be drift cells, such as gas-filled drift tubes.

摘要翻译： 用于检测带电粒子的方法，装置和系统，并通过测量带电粒子来测量体积的断层摄影，包括测量通过带电粒子检测器的带电粒子的动量。 位置敏感检测器的集合测量带电粒子的散射。 位置敏感检测器具有足够的质量以使带电粒子通过位置敏感检测器散射在位置敏感检测器中。 控制器可以被适配和布置成从带电粒子检测器接收带电粒子的散射测量，从测量的散射中确定带电粒子的至少一个轨迹; 并且从所述至少一个轨迹确定所述带电粒子的至少一个动量测量。 带电粒子可以是宇宙射线产生的带电粒子，例如宇宙射线产生的μ子。 位置敏感检测器可以是漂移电池，例如充气漂移管。

公开(公告)号：US08536527B2

公开(公告)日：2013-09-17

申请号：US13061491

申请日：2009-08-27

申请人： Christopher L. Morris ,  Larry Joe Schultz ,  Jesse Andrew Green ,  Michael James Sossong ,  Konstantin N. Borozdin ,  Alexei V. Klimenko ,  Gary Blanpied ,  Vladimir Tumakov ,  Kolo Wamba

发明人： Christopher L. Morris ,  Larry Joe Schultz ,  Jesse Andrew Green ,  Michael James Sossong ,  Konstantin N. Borozdin ,  Alexei V. Klimenko ,  Gary Blanpied ,  Vladimir Tumakov ,  Kolo Wamba

IPC分类号： G01N23/08 ,  G01N23/00

CPC分类号： G01V5/0025 ,  G01N23/046 ,  G01N2223/419 ,  G01T1/18 ,  G01V5/005

摘要： Techniques, apparatus and systems for obtaining tomographic images of a volume of interest by using charged particle tomography detection systems.

摘要翻译： 用于通过使用带电粒子层析成像检测系统获得感兴趣体积的层析图像的技术，装置和系统。

公开(公告)号：US20130238291A1

公开(公告)日：2013-09-12

申请号：US11977409

申请日：2007-10-24

申请人： Larry Joe Schultz ,  Alexei Vasilievich Klimenko ,  Andrew McLeod Fraser ,  Christopher Morris ,  John Christopher Orum ,  Konstantin N. Borozdin ,  Michael James Sossong ,  NIcolas W. Hengartner

发明人： Larry Joe Schultz ,  Alexei Vasilievich Klimenko ,  Andrew McLeod Fraser ,  Christopher Morris ,  John Christopher Orum ,  Konstantin N. Borozdin ,  Michael James Sossong ,  NIcolas W. Hengartner

IPC分类号： G06F17/18

CPC分类号： G01N23/201 ,  G01N23/20 ,  G01V5/0025 ,  G01V5/0075 ,  G06F17/18

摘要： Systems and methods for charged particle detection including statistical reconstruction of object volume scattering density profiles from charged particle tomographic data to determine the probability distribution of charged particle scattering using a statistical multiple scattering model and determine a substantially maximum likelihood estimate of object volume scattering density using expectation maximization (ML/EM) algorithm to reconstruct the object volume scattering density. The presence of and/or type of object occupying the volume of interest can be identified from the reconstructed volume scattering density profile. The charged particle tomographic data can be cosmic ray muon tomographic data from a muon tracker for scanning packages, containers, vehicles or cargo. The method can be implemented using a computer program which is executable on a computer.

公开(公告)号：US08288721B2

公开(公告)日：2012-10-16

申请号：US12108494

申请日：2008-04-23

申请人： Christopher L. Morris ,  Alexander Saunders ,  Michael James Sossong ,  Larry Joe Schultz ,  J. Andrew Green ,  Konstantin N. Borozdin ,  Nicolas W. Hengartner ,  Richard A. Smith ,  James M. Colthart ,  David C. Klugh ,  Gary E. Scoggins ,  David C. Vineyard

发明人： Christopher L. Morris ,  Alexander Saunders ,  Michael James Sossong ,  Larry Joe Schultz ,  J. Andrew Green ,  Konstantin N. Borozdin ,  Nicolas W. Hengartner ,  Richard A. Smith ,  James M. Colthart ,  David C. Klugh ,  Gary E. Scoggins ,  David C. Vineyard

IPC分类号： G01N23/00

CPC分类号： G01V5/0016 ,  G01T1/18 ,  G01T3/00 ,  G01V5/0025 ,  G01V5/005

摘要： Techniques, apparatus and systems for detecting particles such as muons for imaging applications. Subtraction techniques are described to enhance the processing of the muon tomography data.

摘要翻译： 用于检测颗粒的技术，装置和系统，例如用于成像应用的μ子。 描述减法技术以增强μon层析成像数据的处理。

公开(公告)号：US07633062B2

公开(公告)日：2009-12-15

申请号：US11771169

申请日：2007-06-29

申请人： Christopher Morris ,  Konstantin N. Borozdin ,  J. Andrew Green ,  Gary E. Hogan ,  Mark F. Makela ,  William C. Priedhorsky ,  Alexander Saunders ,  Larry J. Schultz ,  Michael J. Sossong

发明人： Christopher Morris ,  Konstantin N. Borozdin ,  J. Andrew Green ,  Gary E. Hogan ,  Mark F. Makela ,  William C. Priedhorsky ,  Alexander Saunders ,  Larry J. Schultz ,  Michael J. Sossong

IPC分类号： G01N23/00 ,  G01N23/201

CPC分类号： G01N23/201 ,  G01N23/20 ,  G01V5/0025 ,  G01V5/0075 ,  G06F17/18

摘要： A portal monitoring system has a cosmic ray charged particle tracker with a plurality of drift cells. The drift cells, which can be for example aluminum drift tubes, can be arranged at least above and below a volume to be scanned to thereby track incoming and outgoing charged particles, such as cosmic ray muons, whilst also detecting gamma rays. The system can selectively detect devices or materials, such as iron, lead, gold and/or tungsten, occupying the volume from multiple scattering of the charged particles passing through the volume and can also detect any radioactive sources occupying the volume from gamma rays emitted therefrom. If necessary, the drift tubes can be sealed to eliminate the need for a gas handling system. The system can be employed to inspect occupied vehicles at border crossings for nuclear threat objects.

摘要翻译： 入口监视系统具有带有多个漂移单元的宇宙射线带电粒子跟踪器。 可以将漂移电池（例如铝漂移管）布置在待扫描的体积的至少上方和下方，从而跟踪进入和离开的带电粒子，例如宇宙射线，同时还检测伽马射线。 该系统可以选择性地检测诸如铁，铅，金和/或钨的装置或材料，其占据通过该体积的带电粒子的多次散射的体积，并且还可以检测占据由其发射的γ射线的体积的任何放射源 。 如有必要，漂移管可以被密封，以消除对气体处理系统的需要。 该系统可用于检查过境点的被占用车辆的核威胁物体。