公开(公告)号：US07313430B2

公开(公告)日：2007-12-25

申请号：US10651267

申请日：2003-08-28

申请人： Steven J Urquhart ,  Richard S Schallhorn

发明人： Steven J Urquhart ,  Richard S Schallhorn

IPC分类号： A61B5/05

CPC分类号： A61B34/20 ,  A61B34/25 ,  A61B90/11 ,  A61B90/14 ,  A61B2017/00477 ,  A61B2017/00482 ,  A61B2034/107 ,  A61B2034/2051 ,  A61B2034/2072 ,  A61B2034/256 ,  A61B2090/365 ,  A61B2090/367 ,  A61B2090/3954 ,  A61B2090/3983 ,  A61N1/0534 ,  A61N1/0539

摘要： A stereotactic navigation system for navigating an instrument to a target within a patient may include a stereotactic head frame, an imaging device, a tracking device, a controller and a display. The stereotactic head frame is coupled to the patient and is used to assist in guiding the instrument to the target. The imaging device captures image data of the patient and of the stereotactic head frame. The tracking device is used to track the position of the instrument relative to the stereotactic head frame. The controller receives the image data from the imaging device and identifies the stereotactic head frame in the image data and automatically registers the image data with navigable patient space upon identifying the stereotactic head frame, while the display displays the image data.

摘要翻译： 用于将仪器导航到患者内的目标的立体定位导航系统可以包括立体定向头架，成像装置，跟踪装置，控制器和显示器。 立体定向头架联接到患者身上，并用于辅助将仪器引导至目标。 成像装置捕获患者和立体定向头部框架的图像数据。 跟踪装置用于跟踪乐器相对于立体定向头架的位置。 控制器从成像装置接收图像数据，并识别图像数据中的立体定向头部框架，并在识别立体定向头部框架时自动将图像数据注册到可导航的患者空间，同时显示器显示图像数据。

公开(公告)号：US5562711A

公开(公告)日：1996-10-08

申请号：US346813

申请日：1994-11-30

申请人： Charles G. Yerich ,  William J. Combs ,  Karen J. Kleckner ,  Eric J. Panken ,  Richard S. Schallhorn ,  John D. Wahlstrand

发明人： Charles G. Yerich ,  William J. Combs ,  Karen J. Kleckner ,  Eric J. Panken ,  Richard S. Schallhorn ,  John D. Wahlstrand

IPC分类号： A61N1/365

CPC分类号： A61N1/36585

摘要： A body-implantable rate-responsive cardiac pacemaker is provided with circuitry for sensing a plurality of physiologic parameters known to be indicative of a patient's metabolic demand for increased cardiac output. In one embodiment, a rate-responsive pacemaker is provided with an activity sensor for detecting the patient's level of physical activity, and is further provided with an impedance sensing circuit for detecting the patient's level of minute ventilation by monitoring cardiac impedance. A rate-response transfer function, implemented by the pacemaker's control circuitry, periodically computes a rate-responsive pacing rate as a function of the outputs from both physiologic sensing circuits. The pacemaker's pacing rate is variable within a rate range defined by predetermined (programmable) upper and lower limits. In the preferred embodiment, the influence of activity sensing and minute ventilation parameters varies in accordance with the current pacing rate. In particular, the influence of activity sensing in rate determination in accordance with the rate-response function is greater than that of minute ventilation, for slower pacing rates, while the influence of minute ventilation sensing dominates over that of activity sensing for higher pacing rates. Rate response operation of the disclosed system is recorded in the form of histogram data stored over a predetermined history time. The relative influence of the activity sensing and minute ventilation sensing on rate determination is periodically scaled or balanced based upon comparison of the histogram data with predetermined desired response data.

摘要翻译： 身体植入式速率响应心脏起搏器被提供有用于感测已知指示患者对增加的心输出量的代谢需求的多个生理参数的电路。 在一个实施例中，速率响应起搏器设置有用于检测患者的身体活动水平的活动传感器，并且还设置有阻抗感测电路，用于通过监测心脏阻抗来检测患者的分钟通气水平。 由起搏器的控制电路实现的速率响应传递函数周期性地计算速率响应起搏速率作为来自生理感测电路的输出的函数。 起搏器的起搏速率在由预定（可编程）上限和下限限定的速率范围内是可变的。 在优选实施例中，活动感测和分钟通气参数的影响根据当前起搏速率而变化。 特别是，根据速率响应函数的速率测定中的活动检测的影响大于分钟通气量，对于较慢的起搏速率，而微动通气检测的影响比活动检测的影响高于起搏率。 以预定历史时间存储的直方图数据的形式记录所公开的系统的速率响应操作。 基于直方图数据与预定的期望响应数据的比较，活动感测和分钟通气感测对速率确定的相对影响被周期地缩放或平衡。