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1.发明授权Integral spring consumables for plasma arc torch using blow forward contact starting system 失效用于等离子弧焊枪的整体式弹簧消耗件，采用前馈接触启动系统
公开(公告)号：US5897795A
公开(公告)日：1999-04-27
申请号：US727019
申请日：1996-10-08
CPC分类号： H05H1/34 , H05H2001/3457 , H05H2001/3468 , H05H2001/3489
摘要： Disclosed is a novel method and structure for contact starting a plasma arc torch. A translatable, electrically conductive component such as a nozzle or swirl ring is biased into contact with an electrode by a compliant spring element. A pilot arc is formed by first passing current through the electrode/component interface. Thereafter, the component is translated under the influence of gas pressure in a plasma chamber formed between the electrode and component, compressing the compliant element and initiating the pilot arc. The spring element may be maintained integrally with the nozzle, swirl ring, or a retaining cap, facilitating removal and replacement of the spring element with consumable components of the torch. Exemplary spring elements include wave spring washers, finger spring washers, curved spring washers, helical compression springs, flat wire compression springs, and slotted conical discs.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于接触等离子弧焊炬的新方法和结构。 诸如喷嘴或涡流环的可平移的导电部件被柔性弹簧元件偏置成与电极接触。 首先通过电极通过电极/部件接口形成引弧。 此后，在形成于电极和部件之间的等离子体室内，在气体压力的作用下使部件平移，压缩柔性元件并起动引导电弧。 弹簧元件可以与喷嘴，涡流环或保持盖一体地保持，从而有助于使用手电筒的消耗部件移除和更换弹簧元件。 示例性的弹簧元件包括波形弹簧垫圈，指状弹簧垫圈，弯曲弹簧垫圈，螺旋压缩弹簧，扁平线压缩弹簧和开槽锥形盘。
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公开(公告)号：US5695662A
公开(公告)日：1997-12-09
申请号：US595797
申请日：1996-02-02
CPC分类号： B23K10/006 , H05H1/341 , H05H2001/3421 , H05H2001/3426 , H05H2001/3442 , H05H2001/3457 , H05H2001/3468 , H05H2001/3478
摘要： A plasma arc torch has a secondary gas flow that is extremely large during piercing of a workpiece to keep splattered molten metal away from the torch and thereby prevent "double arcing". The secondary flow exits the torch immediately adjacent the transferred plasma arc and is an extremely uniform, swirling flow. A swirl ring is located in the secondary gas flow path at the exit point. A prechamber feeds gas to the swirl ring, which is in turn fed through a flow restricting orifice. For certain applications the secondary gas is a mixture of an oxidizing gas, preferably oxygen, and a non-oxidizing gas, preferably nitrogen, in a flow ratio of oxygen to nitrogen in the range of 2:3 to 9:1. Preferably the flow ratio is about 2:1. A network of conduits and solenoid valves operated under the control of a central microprocessor regulates the flows of plasma gas and secondary gas and mixes the secondary gas. The network includes valved parallel branches that provide a quick charge capability and a set of venting valves, also electrically actuated by the microprocessor, to provide a quick discharge. In a preferred high-definition embodiment, a nozzle with a cut back outer surface and a large, conical head allows a metal seal and enhanced cooling. A two-piece cap protects the nozzle during cutting.
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3.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5166494A
公开(公告)日：1992-11-24
申请号：US682992
申请日：1991-04-12
CPC分类号： H05H1/341 , B23K10/00 , B23K10/006 , H05H2001/3421 , H05H2001/3426 , H05H2001/3442 , H05H2001/3457 , H05H2001/3468 , H05H2001/3478 , H05H2001/3494
摘要： A process and apparatus for reducing wear of an electrode in a plasma arc torch involves altering the gas flow in a plasma chamber surrounding the electrode immediately before and continuing after cutting of the current that sustains the arc. The altering includes closing off the gas flow upstream of the chamber, switching from a swirling flow to a radial/axial flow through the plasma chamber, reducing the arc current level in conjunction with either of the above, the venting the plasma chamber to rapidly change the gas flow and pressure in the chamber. The interval is sufficient to reduce electrode wear, but short enough that the arc remains stabilized until cut-off. In the flow stop mode, a solenoid valve is placed on an inlet tube for the plasma gas. Flow altering also occurs on start up. A gas preflow is established prior to pilot arc ignition. On transfer, the flow increases to its full operating value in conjunction with an increase in the arc current. The preflow can be axial, or partially axial. Also, the type or composition of the gas used in the preflow and in the operating flow can change during the start up from a less reactive to more reactive gas.
摘要翻译： 用于减少等离子体电弧炬中的电极磨损的方法和装置包括在切割维持电弧的电流之前改变围绕电极的等离子体室中的气体流动并继续。 改变包括关闭室上游的气流，从旋转流切换到穿过等离子体室的径向/轴向流动，与上述任一结合，减小电弧电流水平，使等离子体室排气以快速变化 气室内的气流和压力。 该间隔足以减少电极磨损，但足够短以使电弧保持稳定直到截止。 在流动停止模式中，电磁阀被放置在等离子体气体的入口管上。 启动时也会发生流量变化。 在引燃电弧点火之前建立气体预流。 在转移时，随着电弧电流的增加，流量增加到其全部运行值。 预流可以是轴向的或部分轴向的。 此外，在预热和操作流程中使用的气体的类型或组成可以在启动期间从较少的反应性到更多的反应性气体改变。
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公开(公告)号：US5132512A
公开(公告)日：1992-07-21
申请号：US718953
申请日：1991-06-21
CPC分类号： H05H1/341 , B23K10/006 , H05H1/34 , H05H1/28 , H05H1/30 , H05H2001/3421 , H05H2001/3426 , H05H2001/3442 , H05H2001/3457 , H05H2001/3468 , H05H2001/3478
摘要： A plasma arc cutting torch, particularly one operating in the 0-200 ampere range, has a shield mounted at its lower end adjacent a workpiece to block splattered molten metal from reaching a nozzle of the torch. The shield is electrically insulated, preferably by mounting it on an insulating ring that is itself secured on a cap screwed onto the torch body. A secondary gas flow through the torch passes through the space between the nozzle and the shield to provide cooling. Bleed ports in the shield allow an enhanced flow rate with the remaining flow being at a rate, in conjunction with the size of an exit orifice in the shield, to stabilize the plasma arc. The bleed ports are outwardly angled away from the arc. Canted ports in the secondary gas flow path, but before the bleed ports, produce a swirling of the gas flow which enhances the quality of the cut. A flow control system, preferably one utilizing parallel branch conduits and control valves, allows the selection of flow rates for the secondary gas depending on the cutting conditions.
摘要翻译： 等离子体电弧割炬，特别是在0-200安培范围内操作的割炬，具有在其下端邻近工件安装的屏蔽件，以阻挡溅出的熔融金属到达焊炬的喷嘴。 屏蔽层是电绝缘的，优选地将其安装在绝缘环上，绝缘环本身固定在拧在割炬本体上的帽上。 通过手电筒的二次气流穿过喷嘴和屏蔽之间的空间，以提供冷却。 护罩中的出血端口允许增加的流速，其余的流量与屏蔽件中的出口孔的尺寸一致，以稳定等离子体电弧。 排出口远离电弧向外成角度。 在二次气体流动路径中但在排出口之前的端口产生气流的旋转，这提高了切割的质量。 流量控制系统，优选地使用并行分支导管和控制阀的流量控制系统允许根据切割条件选择二次气体的流速。
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公开(公告)号：US5120930A
公开(公告)日：1992-06-09
申请号：US395266
申请日：1989-08-17
CPC分类号： B23K10/00 , B23K10/006 , H05H1/34 , H05H1/341 , H05H1/28 , H05H1/30 , H05H2001/3421 , H05H2001/3426 , H05H2001/3442 , H05H2001/3457 , H05H2001/3468 , H05H2001/3478
摘要： A plasma arc cutting torch, particularly one operating in the 0-200 ampere range, has a shield mounted at its lower end adjacent a workpiece to block splattered molten metal from reaching a nozzle of the torch. The shield is electrically insulated, preferably by mounting it on an insulating ring that is itself secured on a cap screwed onto the torch body. A secondary gas flow through the torch passes through the space between the nozzle and the shield to provide cooling. Bleed ports in the shield allow an enhanced flow rate with the remaining flow being at a rate, in conjunction with the size of an exit orifice in the shield, to stabilize the plasma arc. The bleed ports are outwardly angled away from the arc. Canted ports in the secondary gas flow path, but before the bleed ports, produce a swirling of the gas flow which enhances the quality of the cut. A flow control system, preferably one utilizing parallel branch conduits and control valves, allows the selection of flow rates for the secondary gas depending on the cutting conditions.
摘要翻译： 等离子体电弧割炬，特别是在0-200安培范围内操作的割炬，具有在其下端邻近工件安装的屏蔽件，以阻挡溅出的熔融金属到达焊炬的喷嘴。 屏蔽层是电绝缘的，优选地将其安装在绝缘环上，绝缘环本身固定在拧在割炬本体上的帽上。 通过手电筒的二次气流穿过喷嘴和屏蔽之间的空间，以提供冷却。 护罩中的出血端口允许增加的流速，其余的流量与屏蔽件中的出口孔的尺寸一致，以稳定等离子体电弧。 排出口远离电弧向外成角度。 在二次气体流动路径中但在排出口之前的端口产生气流的旋转，这提高了切割的质量。 流量控制系统，优选地使用并行分支导管和控制阀的流量控制系统允许根据切割条件选择二次气体的流速。
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公开(公告)号：US4902871A
公开(公告)日：1990-02-20
申请号：US249407
申请日：1988-09-26
CPC分类号： B23K9/0671 , B23K9/296 , H05H1/28 , H05H1/32 , H05H1/34 , H05H1/38 , H05H2001/3415 , H05H2001/3426 , H05H2001/3468 , H05H2001/3489
摘要： In a plasma arc torch, an electrode is movable axially into and out of electrical connection with an anode, typically a nozzle secured to one end of a torch body. A flow of pressurized plasma gas is directed to a plasma chamber between the electrode and the nozzle, preferably through a replaceable swirl ring that closely surrounds and guides the electrode at a larger diameter shoulder portion of the electrode. A gas flow passage, preferably a spiral passage machined on the outer side surface of the shoulder portion, diverts a portion of the gas flow from the plasma chamber to a region above the electrode where it is vented to atmosphere. The passage is sufficiently constricted that a substantial pressure drop appears along the path, while at the same time allowing a sufficient flow to produce the desired cooling. The revolutions of the spiral are preferably closely spaced to enhance the surface area of the electrode in a heat transfer relationship with the cooling gas flow.
摘要翻译： 在等离子弧焊炬中，电极可以轴向移动进入和离开与阳极电连接，通常是固定在炬体的一端的喷嘴。 加压等离子体气体的流动被引导到电极和喷嘴之间的等离子体室，优选地通过可更换的旋转环，该可替换的旋转环紧密地围绕并引导电极在电极的更大直径的肩部。 气体流动通道，优选地在肩部的外侧表面上加工的螺旋通道将气流从等离子体室的一部分转移到电极上方的一个区域，在那里它被排放到大气中。 通道充分收缩，沿路径出现明显的压降，同时允许足够的流量产生所需的冷却。 螺旋的旋转优选地紧密地间隔开，以增强电极与冷却气流的传热关系的表面积。
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公开(公告)号：US4361748A
公开(公告)日：1982-11-30
申请号：US230025
申请日：1981-01-30
CPC分类号： B23K10/00
摘要： A plasma arc cutting torch cools its nozzle with a water flow between an inner metallic nozzle member and an outer ceramic nozzle member. A set of auxiliary ports formed in the ceramic element each extend from an associated radial channel that directs a portion of the water to the plasma arc where it forms an annular "jet" that constricts the arc. The auxiliary ports are located and sized to provide an enhanced flow of water through the nozzle while maintaining an optimal flow rate through the radial channel. When a gas flow through the cooling passages is used to sense the height of the torch over a workpiece, the gas flow through the auxiliary ports clears residual water from the nozzle to avoid a false height sensing due to an emission of droplets of the water.
摘要翻译： 等离子弧切割炬在内部金属喷嘴构件和外部陶瓷喷嘴构件之间的水流中冷却其喷嘴。 形成在陶瓷元件中的一组辅助端口各自从将一部分水引导到等离子弧的相关联的径向通道延伸，在那里形成限制电弧的环形“射流”。 辅助端口的位置和尺寸适于提供通过喷嘴的增强的水流，同时保持通过径向通道的最佳流速。 当使用气体流过冷却通道的气体来感测焊炬在工件上的高度时，通过辅助端口的气体流动从喷嘴中清除残留的水，以避免由于水滴的发射引起的假高度感测。
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公开(公告)号：US07659488B2
公开(公告)日：2010-02-09
申请号：US11495945
申请日：2006-07-28
申请人： David J. Cook , Kirk H. Ferland , Charles M. Hackett , Yong Yang , Richard W. Couch, Jr. , Zhipeng Lu
发明人： David J. Cook , Kirk H. Ferland , Charles M. Hackett , Yong Yang , Richard W. Couch, Jr. , Zhipeng Lu
IPC分类号： B23K10/00
CPC分类号： H05H1/34 , H05H2001/3436 , H05H2001/3442
摘要： A plasma arc torch that includes a torch body having a nozzle mounted relative to a composite electrode in the body to define a plasma chamber. The torch body includes a plasma flow path for directing a plasma gas to the plasma chamber in which a plasma arc is formed. The nozzle includes a hollow, body portion and a substantially solid, head portion defining an exit orifice. The composite electrode can be made of a metallic material (e.g., silver) with high thermal conductivity in the forward portion electrode body adjacent the emitting surface, and the aft portion of the electrode body is made of a second low cost, metallic material with good thermal and electrical conductivity. This composite electrode configuration produces an electrode with reduced electrode wear or pitting comparable to a silver electrode, for a price comparable to that of a copper electrode.
摘要翻译： 一种等离子弧焊炬，其包括具有相对于主体中的复合电极安装的喷嘴的炬体，以限定等离子体室。 手电筒包括用于将等离子体气体引导到形成等离子体电弧的等离子体室的等离子体流动路径。 喷嘴包括中空的主体部分和限定出口的基本上固体的头部。 复合电极可以由邻近发射表面的前部电极体中具有高导热性的金属材料（例如银）制成，并且电极体的后部由具有良好的第二低成本金属材料制成 导热和导电性。 这种复合电极配置产生与电极相当的电极磨损或点蚀的电极，其价格与铜电极相当。
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公开(公告)号：US07049540B2
公开(公告)日：2006-05-23
申请号：US10784084
申请日：2004-02-20
申请人： Nicholas A. Sanders , Richard W. Couch, Jr. , Yong Yang , Zhipeng Lu , Robert C. Dean , Charles M. Hackett
发明人： Nicholas A. Sanders , Richard W. Couch, Jr. , Yong Yang , Zhipeng Lu , Robert C. Dean , Charles M. Hackett
IPC分类号： B23K10/00
摘要： A metal jet cutting system, which includes a jetting heat, a heater and a power source, is used for modifying a workpiece. The jetting head includes a crucible and an inlet for receiving a feed stock of a conductive material. The heater melts the conductive material in the crucible to provide a conductive fluid, which exits the jetting head via an outlet. The power source, which is in electrical communication with the conductive fluid, increases the temperature of the conductive fluid. The conductive fluid is applied to the workpiece to modify the workpiece.
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公开(公告)号：US5601734A
公开(公告)日：1997-02-11
申请号：US554638
申请日：1995-11-06
申请人： Lifeng Luo , Richard W. Couch, Jr.
发明人： Lifeng Luo , Richard W. Couch, Jr.
CPC分类号： H05H1/34 , H05H2001/3442 , H05H2001/3452
摘要： An insert securely disposed in a bottom end of an electrode has an exposed emission surface shaped to define a recess in the insert, wherein the recess is initially dimensioned as a function of the operating current level of the torch, the diameter of the insert, and the plasma gas flow pattern in the torch. The electrode has an elongated body formed of a high thermal conductivity material such as copper, and a bore disposed in the bottom end of the body along a central axis. The insert is formed of a high thermionic emissivity material, such as hafnium, and securely disposed in the bore with the emission surface exposed. The emission surface may be initially shaped by removing a predetermined amount of the high thermionic emissivity material from the insert to define a generally concave recess, a generally cylindrical recess or other shapes. When used in a torch, the electrode provides for reduced deposition of the high thermionic emissivity material on the nozzle, thereby reducing nozzle wear in the torch.
摘要翻译： 牢固地设置在电极的底端中的插入件具有被形成为在插入件中限定凹部的暴露的发射表面，其中，所述凹部的初始尺寸是根据手电筒的操作电流水平，插入件的直径和 火炬中的等离子气体流动模式。 电极具有由诸如铜的高导热性材料形成的细长主体，以及沿着中心轴设置在主体的底端中的孔。 插入件由诸如铪的高热离子辐射材料形成，并且牢固地设置在孔中，发射表面暴露。 可以通过从插入件移除预定量的高热离子发射率材料来形成发射表面，以限定大体上凹形的凹部，大致圆柱形的凹部或其他形状。 当用于手电筒时，电极提供了在喷嘴上沉积高热离子辐射材料，从而减少了焊炬上的喷嘴磨损。
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