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    Defibrillation electrode cover
    4.
    发明授权
    Defibrillation electrode cover 有权

    公开(公告)号：US07020529B2

    公开(公告)日：2006-03-28

    申请号：US09848121

    申请日：2001-05-02

    申请人： Robert C. Krall ,  Louis J. Smith ,  Peter J. Zeller

    发明人： Robert C. Krall ,  Louis J. Smith ,  Peter J. Zeller

    IPC分类号： A61N1/05

    CPC分类号： A61N1/0563

    摘要： An implantable electrode provided with a thin, porous, wettable polymeric covering. The electrode covering of the present invention tightly conforms to the external profile of an electrode, which minimizes air gaps and voids. The electrode covering is relatively thin, preferably less than 0.13 mm thick, and is treated to enhance rapid wetting by bodily fluids. The combination of minimal air gaps, tight conformance to the electrode, wettability and porosity of the thin covering, allows repeated, high energy electrical discharges to be transmitted without significant bubble formation, sparking or degradation of the covering. In addition, the electrode covering of the present invention has pore sizes tailored to minimize cellular ingrowth and tissue attachment thereby allowing a less traumatic removal of the electrode after implantation if extraction becomes necessary, for example due to infection or electrode dislodgment.

    High impedance, low polarization cardiac electrode
    5.
    发明授权
    High impedance, low polarization cardiac electrode 有权
    高阻抗，低极化心电极

    公开(公告)号：US06546292B1

    公开(公告)日：2003-04-08

    申请号：US09185995

    申请日：1998-11-04

    申请人： Bruce M. Steinhaus ,  Louis J. Smith ,  William H. Wiley ,  Robert C. Krall

    发明人： Bruce M. Steinhaus ,  Louis J. Smith ,  William H. Wiley ,  Robert C. Krall

    IPC分类号： A61N105

    CPC分类号： A61N1/0565

    摘要： A layered electrode having a large tissue contact area of the portion of the electrode that is electrically active and providing low polarization losses, high pacing impedance and low chronic stimulation voltage. In a fundamental embodiment, the electrode tip has an outer layer of microporous material which is permeable to conductive body fluids which covers a layer of insulating material which is provided with at least one perforation through the thickness of the material. The at least one perforation provides a localized, high current density path. Both of these layers in turn cover the exterior surface of an electrically conductive, preferably metal, electrode body. The present invention is, in a preferred embodiment, a multiple layered device having, in sequence, a) an external layer promoting tissue attachment, b) a cell exclusion layer, which prevents tissue ingrowth into the subsequent underlying layers while allowing passage of conductive fluids, c) a third layer of substantially electrical insulating material with selected or tailored perforations or through holes which provide high current density paths, d) a fourth layer that contains a electrically conductive material of high surface area and e) a fifth metallic layer of a high surface area electrode.

    摘要翻译： 层状电极，其电极的部分具有大的组织接触面积，并具有低的极化损耗，高的起搏阻抗和低的慢性刺激电压。 在一个基本实施例中，电极尖端具有微孔材料的外层，其可渗透导电体液体，其覆盖绝缘材料层，该绝缘材料层设置有穿过该材料厚度的至少一个穿孔。 至少一个穿孔提供了局部的高电流密度路径。 这些层都依次覆盖导电的，优选为金属的电极体的外表面。 本发明在一个优选的实施方案中是一种具有以下顺序的a）促进组织附着的外层的多层器件，b）细胞排阻层，其阻止组织向下延伸到随后的下层中，同时允许导电流体 c）具有选择或定制的穿孔或通孔的基本上电绝缘材料的第三层，其提供高电流密度路径，d）包含高表面积的导电材料的第四层，以及e）第五层金属层 高表面电极。